Short-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients With Pure Severe Aortic Regurgitation.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as an alternative treatment for patients with pure severe aortic regurgitation (PSAR) who are contraindicated for surgery or have a high surgical risk. However, the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TAVR in low Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score risk patients remain to be clarified. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of TAVR treatment in different STS-risk patients and to compare the adverse events between the groups. In this study, patients with PSAR who underwent TAVR at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China, during the inclusion period were included and categorized into 3 groups based on STS scores. The baseline data, imaging results, and follow-up data of the patients were documented. Therefore, of 75 TAVR patients, 38 (50.7%) were categorized as low risk (STS <4), and 37 (49.3%) patients were categorized as intermediate and high risk (STS ≥4). Compared with patients at intermediate and high risk, those in the low-risk group were younger, had a lower body mass index, had a lower prevalence of hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and previous percutaneous coronary intervention, and had better cardiac function (p all <0.05). In the hospital and at the 1-month follow-up, the degree of aortic regurgitation and cardiac function were significantly improved. No significant difference was found between the 2 groups in the hospital or during the 30-day follow-up. In conclusion, TAVR for PSAR in low-STS-risk patients is safe and efficient during 30 days of follow-up compared with intermediate- and high-STS-risk groups. TAVR for PSAR should not be limited to inoperable or STS-defined high-risk patients. Long-term follow-up is needed for further investigation.

Determination of five pesticides in fishpond by SPE-GC/MS / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish the solid phase extraction (SPE) with GC/MS technology for fish poisoning cases to determine five pesticides in fishpond.@*METHODS@#By three solid phase extraction column including Oasis HLB cartridge, Bond Elut C18 and SampliQ C18, the recovery rate was compared to extract and purify five pesticides in fishpond. The effects of different kinds and dosages of eluents on extract rate were also reviewed.@*RESULTS@#Using Bond Elut C18 as solid phase extraction column and 3 mL benzene as eluent, the linear range of mass concentration of five pesticides in fishpond was 1-50 μg/mL, and the correlation coefficient was 0.996 2-0.999 6. The limit of detection was 3.4-26 μg/L and the recovery was 61.49%-102.48%. The relative standard deviations was less than or equal to 3.01%. CONCLU-SION: With high sensitivity, good accuracy and precision, SPE-GC/MS has simple and quick operation and less solvent. It can be applied to determination of five pesticides in fishpond.

Analysis of pesticides in blood specimen by GC/MS with accelerated solvent extraction / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To develop the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) for determining pesticides present in blood samples.@*METHODS@#Pesticides were extracted by ASE with optimized parameters to study recovery rate affected by extraction temperature, time and agent. GC/MS was used to perform quantitative analysis.@*RESULTS@#The recovery rates of eight pesticides were 70.6%-92.4%. The coefficient of variation was less than 5.0%. A good linear relationship was obtained at the concentration range of 0.5-5.0 microg/mL.@*CONCLUSION@#The method was fast and simple with high recovery rate and good repeatability. It can be applied to analyze pesticides present in the blood specimen.

Experimental therapy of penehyclidine hydrochloride on paraquat-induced acute lung injury / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of penehyclidine hydrochloride on paraquat-induced acute lung injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>80 healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into control groups (10 rats), 100 mg/kg PQ group (10 rats), 100 mg/kg PQ plus 33 µg/kg penehyclidine hydrochloride treatment group (30 rats), 100 mg/kg PQ plus 66 µg/kg penehyclidine hydrochloride treatment group (30 rats). The two treatment groups were executed respectively at 36 h, 72 h and 7 d. Lung tissues were used to assess histopathological change by HE staining. The level of MMP-2, caveolin-1 and HYP were detected in the lung homogenate. The serum and BALF contents of ET were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pathology inspection confirmed that the model of acute rat pulmonary injury were duplicated successfully. The level of MMP-2, HYP in lung tissues and the serum and BALF ET contents in PQ group were (1.77 ± 0.40) µg/g, (2.91 ± 0.79) µg/g, (505.23 ± 124.69) µg/ml, (640.38 ± 136.60) µg/ml. The level of those was higher than that in control group [(0.95 ± 0.66) µg/g, (1.48 ± 0.69) µg/g, (95.48 ± 46.01) µg/ml, (200.40 ± 88.39) µg/ml, P < 0.05]; The above-mentioned index in two treatment groups was lower than that in PQ group (P < 0.05). The caveolin-1 content [(1.77 ± 0.82) µg/g] in PQ group was lower than that in control group [(5.39 ± 1.68) µg/g, P < 0.05]. The level of caveolin-1 in two treatment groups was higher than that in PQ group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Penehyclidine hydrochloride can decrease the level of MMP-2, HYP in lung tissues and the ET in serum and BALF, increase that of caveolin-1 and lessen the damage induced by paraquat.</p>

Clinical study on treatment of acute paraquat poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide and Etanercept method on acute paraquat poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>136 patients with acute paraquat poisoning were divided into the normal therapy group and the intensive therapy group randomly. Methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and Etanercept were used in the intensive therapy group. Methylprednisolone 500 mg was given intravenously per day for continuous three days followed by 200 mg intravenous per day. Then methylprednisolone was decreased gradually 14 d or 21 d later according to the patient's condition. Cyclophosphamide 600 mg was given intravenously twice weekly for 2 weeks and Etanercept 25 mg was given hypodermic injection twice weekly for 3 weeks. Curative effect evaluation was done at 7, 14, 21 d and 12 weeks after therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate of the intensive therapy group was obviously higher than that of the normal therapy group (P<0.01) on 7, 4, 21 d and 12 weeks. The cure rate of the intensive group were 94.6% (intake dose<50 ml 20% paraquat solution), 75.0% (intake dose 50 approximately 100 ml 20% paraquat solution), 12.5% (intake dose>100 ml 20% paraquat solution) respectively, while the cure rate of the normal group were 16.7% (intake dose<50 ml 20% paraquat solution), 8.3% (intake dose 50 approximately 100 ml 20% paraquat solution), 0% (intake dose>100 ml 20% paraquat solution) respectively. The total cure rate of the intensive therapy group (78.3%) 12 weeks later was higher than that of the normal group (11.9%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Methylprednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide and Etanercept intensive therapy has the curative effect on acute paraquat poisoning.</p>