Clinical and laboratory features of patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed at rheumatology services in the Brazilian municipality of Cascavel, PR, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Brazilian epidemiological studies on rheumatoid arthritis are scarce, thus all data currently available originate from the international literature. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and some clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the municipality of Cascavel, state of Paraná, Brazil. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were collected between August 2010 and July 2011 in all health services of the municipality of Cascavel that provided health care in Rheumatology: a university-affiliated hospital, a public outpatient clinic and four private clinics. RESULTS: We identified 38 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, resulting in an estimated incidence of 13.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year. Thirty two patients were females, whose mean age was 47.6 years. The age group with the highest incidence was over 40 years. The mean time between first symptoms and diagnosis was 12.4 months. Rheumatoid factor was positive in 68.4% of the patients, and 18.4% already had radiological abnormalities at diagnosis. The pharmacological treatment of patients was also assessed and proved to be in accordance with those found in the literature. CONCLUSION: The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis obtained in the municipality of Cascavel was lower than those reported in international studies.

Estudo clínico e laboratorial de pacientes com artrite reumatoide diagnosticados em serviços de reumatologia em Cascavel, PR, Brasil / Clinical and laboratory features of patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed at rheumatology services in the Brazilian municipality of Cascavel, PR, Brazil

INTRODUÇÃO: Estudos epidemiológicos brasileiros sobre artrite reumatoide são bastante escassos, e os dados existentes hoje são majoritariamente de literatura internacional. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a incidência e algumas características clínicas e laboratoriais de pacientes com artrite reumatoide em Cascavel, PR, Brasil. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Os dados foram coletados entre agosto de 2010 e julho de 2011 em todos os serviços de saúde do município que possuíam atendimento na especialidade de reumatologia: um hospital universitário, o Centro Regional de Especialidades do Consórcio Intermunicipal de Saúde do Oeste do Paraná (CRE-CISOP) e quatro clínicas privadas da cidade. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 38 pacientes com diagnóstico de artrite reumatoide, resultando em uma incidência estimada de 13,4 casos/100.000 habitantes/ano. Trinta e dois pacientes eram do gênero feminino, com média de idade de 47,6 anos. A faixa etária com maior incidência foi > 40 anos. O tempo médio entre os primeiros sintomas e o diagnóstico foi de 12,4 meses. O fator reumatoide foi positivo em 68,4% dos casos, e 18,4% já apresentavam alterações radiológicas no momento do diagnóstico. O tratamento farmacológico dos pacientes também foi avaliado e mostrou estar de acordo com o encontrado na literatura. CONCLUSÃO: A incidência de artrite reumatoide obtida em Cascavel está abaixo das incidências observadas em estudos internacionais.

INTRODUCTION: Brazilian epidemiological studies on rheumatoid arthritis are scarce, thus all data currently available originate from the international literature. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and some clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the municipality of Cascavel, state of Paraná, Brazil. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were collected between August 2010 and July 2011 in all health services of the municipality of Cascavel that provided health care in Rheumatology: a university-affiliated hospital, a public outpatient clinic and four private clinics. RESULTS: We identified 38 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, resulting in an estimated incidence of 13.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year. Thirty two patients were females, whose mean age was 47.6 years. The age group with the highest incidence was over 40 years. The mean time between first symptoms and diagnosis was 12.4 months. Rheumatoid factor was positive in 68.4% of the patients, and 18.4% already had radiological abnormalities at diagnosis. The pharmacological treatment of patients was also assessed and proved to be in accordance with those found in the literature. CONCLUSION: The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis obtained in the municipality of Cascavel was lower than those reported in international studies.

Investigation of nephrolithiasis in the West of Paraná.

INTRODUCTION: Nephrolithiasis is com>mon and has a high rate of recurrence. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of the main metabolic and anatomical changes and the chemical analysis of stone found in patients with nephrolithiasis in the West region of Paraná. METHODS: Retrospective study with 681 adult patients with nephrolithiasis. The laboratory investigation included at least two samples of 24-hour urine test with doses of calcium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, sodium and creatinine; qualitative cystinuria, urinary pH following 12-hour fast and water restriction, urine culture and chemical analysis, when the stones were available. Renal imaging techniques included at least renal ultrasound and excretory urogram. RESULTS: The metabolic changes most frequently found were: hypercalciuria (51.8%), hyperuricosuria (27.6%), and hypocitraturia (23.5%). Chemical analysis of stones showed calcium oxa late in 85.7% of the cases. The most frequently anatomical changes were renal cyst, duplicated ureter, and ureteropelvic junction obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: This paper served as a base for knowing the characteristics of patients with nephrolithiasis in the West area of Paraná.

Investigação de nefrolitíase no Oeste do Paraná / Investigation of nephrolithiasis in the West of Paraná

INTRODUÇÃO: Nefrolitíase é comum e tem alta taxa de recorrência. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a prevalência das principais alterações metabólicas e anatômicas e a análise química do cálculo encontrado em pacientes com nefrolitíase na região Oeste do Paraná. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo em 681 pacientes adultos com nefrolitíase. A investigação laboratorial incluiu pelo menos duas amostras de urina de 24 horas, com dosagens de cálcio, ácido úrico, citrato, oxalato, sódio e creatinina; cistinúria qualitativa, pH urinário após 12 horas de jejum e restrição hídrica, urocultura e análise química do cálculo, quando disponível. Técnicas de imagem renal incluíram pelo menos ultrassonografia e urografia excretora. RESULTADOS: As alterações metabólicas mais frequentemente encontradas foram: hipercalciúria (51,8 por cento), hiperuricosúria (27,6 por cento) e hipocitratúria (23,5 por cento). A análise química dos cálculos mostrou oxalato de cálcio em 85,7 por cento dos casos. As alterações anatômicas mais frequentes foram: cisto renal, duplicação pieloureteral e obstrução da junção pieloureteral. CONCLUSÕES: Este trabalho serviu de base para o conhecimento das características de pacientes com nefrolitíase na região Oeste do Paraná.

INTRODUCTION: Nephrolithiasis is com>mon and has a high rate of recurrence. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of the main metabolic and anatomical changes and the chemical analysis of stone found in patients with nephrolithiasis in the West region of Paraná. METHODS: Retrospective study with 681 adult patients with nephrolithiasis. The laboratory investigation included at least two samples of 24-hour urine test with doses of calcium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, sodium and creatinine; qualitative cystinuria, urinary pH following 12-hour fast and water restriction, urine culture and chemical analysis, when the stones were available. Renal imaging techniques included at least renal ultrasound and excretory urogram. RESULTS: The metabolic changes most frequently found were: hypercalciuria (51.8 percent), hyperuricosuria (27.6 percent), and hypocitraturia (23.5 percent). Chemical analysis of stones showed calcium oxa late in 85.7 percent of the cases. The most frequently anatomical changes were renal cyst, duplicated ureter, and ureteropelvic junction obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: This paper served as a base for knowing the characteristics of patients with nephrolithiasis in the West area of Paraná.