Corrective Effect of Verbascoside on Histomorphological Differences and Oxidative Stress in Colon Mucosa of Rats in Which Colon Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury was Induced.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to show the corrective effect of verbascoside on histomorphological and biochemical differences in the colon mucosa of rats in which colon ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced. METHODS: Fifty Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 5 groups, of control, sham, ischemia (I), I/R, and I/R+verbascoside. Ischemia and reperfusion were applied to the suitable groups for 30 minutes and 120 minutes respectively, and 10 mg/kg verbascoside was administered intraperitoneally. Histomorphological assessment was done in the colon tissues obtained, and the goblet cells were assessed using the Alcian blue method. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), TUNEL, and hypoxia-induced factor 1 (HIF-1α) assays were used to assess oxidative stress with the immunohistochemical method. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and total thiol (TT) levels were checked, for a biochemical analysis of oxidative stress. RESULTS: Compared with the I/R group, histomorphological differences were seen to be corrected in colon epithelium in the I/ R+verbascoside group. The goblet cell number increased and cell proliferation was increased, as seen with the PCNA assay; and apoptosis was decreased, as seen with the TUNEL assay. HIF-1α expression also decreased in the drug group. In the drug group, SOD, GSH-Px, TAS, and TT levels increased, but TOS, OSI, and MDA levels decreased. CONCLUSION: It was seen that verbascoside had a corrective effect on histomorphological and biochemical differences caused by I/R injury.

Comparative Histopathological Evaluation of Patients with Diabetes, Hypothyroidism and Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

AIM: To investigate and compare the histological findings of patients with diabetes, hypothyroidism and idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subsynovial connective tissue samples of 51 idiopathic CTS patients (Group 1), 58 diabetic CTS patients (Group 2) and 16 hypothyroid CTS patients (Group 3) were evaluated in this study. The histopathological examination parameters were; number of fibroblasts, size of collagen fibers, vascular changes (vascular proliferation, intimal thickening and changes of vessel structures), edema and inflammatory infiltration. RESULTS: In the majority of patients in all 3 groups, non-inflammatory fibrosis was observed in subsynovial connective tissue. Number of fibroblasts, collagen fiber diameter and lengths were statistically different in diabetic CTS patients (Group 2) when compared with other groups. Considering the overall results, neovascularization in subsynovial connective tissue was observed significantly more intensely in diabetic CTS patients (Group 2) and severe edema was found in hypothyroid CTS patients (Group 3). CONCLUSION: Increased pressure in the carpal tunnel may be a result of reduction of the space or volume increase of the tunnel contents secondary to fibrosis or edema. It may be helpful for the physicians to better understand the causes of this entrapment neuropathy, and these etiological factors should be taken into consideration during the preoperative evaluation of the patients.

Acquired Solitary Glomangiomyoma on the Forearm: A Rare Case Report.

Glomus tumours are benign lesions which are frequently seen on hand (particularly subungual region). In this report a 52-year-old male patient with glomangiomyoma on the left forearm has been presented. With a preliminary diagnosis of haemangioma, a subcutaneous well-circumscribed nodular lesion of the patient was excised. On histomorphological examination glomus cells, vascular structures and spindle-shaped smooth muscle cells were seen around it. Immunohistochemistry of smooth muscle cells and glomus cells showed positivity for smooth muscle actin. By means of these findings, the patient was diagnosed with glomangiomyoma. Glomus tumours are rare in the forearm (In the literatüre there are two cases). Moreover, glomangiomyomas are the least common histomorphological type of glomus tumour and are generally seen in the lower extremity. In the literature, a few cases of glomangioma and solitary glomus tumour has been described on the forearm histologically and only a few glomangiomyoma cases on forearm location. We have presented the glomangiomyoma on the forearm as a rarely-seen case. Early diagnosis of the glomangiomyoma on the forearm is of importance for the prevention of morbidity.

Association between well-known histopathological criteria and overall survival in invasive ductal carcinoma.

UNLABELLED: We investigated the effect of clinical features and well-known histomorphological parameters on survival of breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 44 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma were included in this study. We investigated the effect of age, breast cancer location (right/left), histological grade, largest diameter of the tumor, lymphovascular and perineural invasion on patient survival. IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 20 program was used for statistics. Cox proportional hazard regression model for survival analysis, log-log plot, life function graphs were used. Results were 95% confidence interval, significance (P < 0.05). RESULTS: In univariate analysis, the left breast localization, high histological grade, large tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion has been shown that reduced the overall survival (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, only high histological grade, large tumor size and perineural invasion were identified as parameters negatively associated with patient survival (P < 0.05). On univariate and multivariate analysis, age was not associated with survival. CONCLUSION: The above results should be considered in the follow-up and treatment planning of invasive ductal carcinoma patients.

Adult Multicystic Nephroma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Multicystic nephroma (MCN) is relatively a rare, nongenetic and benign lesion of the kidney which has a bimodal distribution. The congenital form is commonly seen under the age of 2. Adult-onset MCN is more often seen in women, especially in post menopausal females. The aetiopathogenesis of MCN is still unknown. Ovarian-like stroma of the tumour indicates the tumour originates from the mullerian tissue of the kidney. Hormonal theory is suggestive as the stroma of the tumour is positive for estrogen and progesteron. Preoperative diagnosis of MCN is difficult. Surgical approach is recommended both for the histological diagnosis and the treatment of the disease. We here present a 53-year-old female patient with MCN admitted to the urology clinic with left flank pain treated successfully with partial nephrectomy. No recurrence was noted after six months of clinical and radiological follow-up.

Retroperitoneal Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour: A Rare Case Report.

Malignant nerve sheath tumours (MPNST) are rare neoplasias and retroperitoneal cases are fairly rare and clinically difficult to be detected, but they are very agressive neoplasias. MPNST are frequently seen in head, neck and upper extremities. In patients with NF1; MPNST, a poor-prognostic lesion, may result from a malignant degeneration of a former plexiform neurofibroma. It is necessary to be aware of a potential malignancy in patients diagnosed with plexiform neurofibroma. We present a 21-year-old female with a diagnosis of MPNST. The patient was admited to the hospital because of a tumour in the subcutaneous region on her left buttock. The surgeon's clinical diagnosis was lipoma. After the pathological examination of biopsy specimen, the lesion was identified as "plexiform neurofibroma" and then the patient was diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Simultaneously, another mass on the retroperitoneal region was identified as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST).