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1.
Biomimetics (Basel) ; 9(9)2024 Aug 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39329529

ABSTRACT

The research objective of this paper is to examine the role of bionic design in advancing sustainable development within industrial design by outlining its theoretical framework; analyzing its applications in morphological, functional, and material aspects; identifying current challenges; and projecting future trends toward eco-integration, resource efficiency, and technological innovation. First, the definition, development history, and theoretical basis of the sustainable development of bionic design are outlined. Secondly, the application of bionic design in sustainable industrial design is analyzed in depth, including the application of morphological bionic design in exploring the combination of nature and innovation, the role of functional bionic design in integrating biological function and product innovation, and the harmonious unification of material bionic and environmental friendliness. Finally, it points out the current challenges faced by bionic design, such as barriers in design practice and market acceptance issues, and looks forward to the sustainable development trend of bionic design, including eco-integration, resource efficiency enhancement, technological innovation, integrated application, etc., to provide new ideas and impetus for the sustainable development of the industrial design field in the future.

3.
BMC Cancer ; 24(1): 1141, 2024 Sep 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39267014

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Curcumin has been reported to have activity for prevention and therapy of CRC, yet its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to the causation and progression of Colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we aimed to investigate if curcumin affects the tumorigenesis of CRC by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites. METHODS: Forty male C57BL/6JGpt mice were randomly divided into four groups: negative control (NC), curcumin control, CRC model, and curcumin treatment (CRC-Cur) groups. CRC mouse model was induced by using azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and the mice in CRC model and curcumin treatment groups received oral PBS or curcumin (150 mg/kg/day), respectively. Additionally, fecal samples were collected. 16 S rRNA sequencing and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics were used to observe the changes of intestinal flora and intestinal metabolites. RESULTS: Curcumin treatment restored colon length and structural morphology, and significantly inhibited tumor formation in AOM/DSS-induced CRC model mice. The 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated that the diversity and richness of core and total species of intestinal microflora in the CRC group were significantly lower than those in the NC group, which were substantially restored in the curcumin treatment group. Curcumin reduced harmful bacteria, including Ileibacterium, Monoglobus and Desulfovibrio, which were elevated in CRC model mice. Moreover, curcumin increased the abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which were decreased in CRC model mice. In addition, 13 different metabolites were identified. Compared to the NC group, ethosuximide, xanthosine, and 17-beta-estradiol 3-sulfate-17-(beta-D-glucuronide) were elevated in the CRC model group, whereas curcumin treatment significantly reduced their levels. Conversely, glutamylleucine, gamma-Glutamylleucine, liquiritin, ubenimex, 5'-deoxy-5'-fluorouridine, 7,8-Dihydropteroic acid, neobyakangelicol, libenzapril, xenognosin A, and 7,4'-dihydroxy-8-methylflavan were decreased in the CRC group but notably upregulated by curcumin. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed enrichment in seven pathways, including folate biosynthesis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The gut microecological balance was disrupted in AOM/DSS-induced CRC mice, accompanied by metabolite dysbiosis. Curcumin restored the equilibrium of the microbiota and regulated metabolites, highly indicating that curcumin may alleviate the development of AOM/DSS induced colorectal cancer in mice by regulating intestinal flora homeostasis and intestinal metabolites.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms , Curcumin , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Animals , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , Curcumin/pharmacology , Colorectal Neoplasms/microbiology , Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/chemically induced , Mice , Male , Disease Models, Animal , Azoxymethane/toxicity , Carcinogenesis/drug effects , Dextran Sulfate/toxicity , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Metabolomics/methods , Humans
4.
Med Phys ; 2024 Jul 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39023181

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Monte Carlo (MC) method is an accurate technique for particle transport calculation due to the precise modeling of physical interactions. Nevertheless, the MC method still suffers from the problem of expensive computational cost, even with graphics processing unit (GPU) acceleration. Our previous works have investigated the acceleration strategies of photon transport simulation for single-energy CT. But for multi-energy CT, conventional individual simulation leads to unnecessary redundant calculation, consuming more time. PURPOSE: This work proposes a novel GPU-based shared MC scheme (gSMC) to reduce unnecessary repeated simulations of similar photons between different spectra, thereby enhancing the efficiency of scatter estimation in multi-energy x-ray exposures. METHODS: The shared MC method selects shared photons between different spectra using two strategies. Specifically, we introduce spectral region classification strategy to select photons with the same initial energy from different spectra, thus generating energy-shared photon groups. Subsequently, the multi-directional sampling strategy is utilized to select energy-and-direction-shared photons, which have the same initial direction, from energy-shared photon groups. Energy-and-direction-shared photons perform shared simulations, while others are simulated individually. Finally, all results are integrated to obtain scatter distribution estimations for different spectral cases. RESULTS: The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed gSMC are evaluated on the digital phantom and clinical case. The experimental results demonstrate that gSMC can speed up the simulation in the digital case by ∼37.8% and the one in the clinical case by ∼20.6%, while keeping the differences in total scatter results within 0.09%, compared to the conventional MC package, which performs an individual simulation. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed GPU-based shared MC simulation method can achieve fast photon transport calculation for multi-energy x-ray exposures.

5.
IEEE Trans Med Imaging ; 43(6): 2125-2136, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38236665

ABSTRACT

Metal artifacts caused by the presence of metallic implants tremendously degrade the quality of reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images and therefore affect the clinical diagnosis or reduce the accuracy of organ delineation and dose calculation in radiotherapy. Although various deep learning methods have been proposed for metal artifact reduction (MAR), most of them aim to restore the corrupted sinogram within the metal trace, which removes beam hardening artifacts but ignores other components of metal artifacts. In this paper, based on the physical property of metal artifacts which is verified via Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, we propose a novel physics-inspired non-local dual-domain network (PND-Net) for MAR in CT imaging. Specifically, we design a novel non-local sinogram decomposition network (NSD-Net) to acquire the weighted artifact component and develop an image restoration network (IR-Net) to reduce the residual and secondary artifacts in the image domain. To facilitate the generalization and robustness of our method on clinical CT images, we employ a trainable fusion network (F-Net) in the artifact synthesis path to achieve unpaired learning. Furthermore, we design an internal consistency loss to ensure the data fidelity of anatomical structures in the image domain and introduce the linear interpolation sinogram as prior knowledge to guide sinogram decomposition. NSD-Net, IR-Net, and F-Net are jointly trained so that they can benefit from one another. Extensive experiments on simulation and clinical data demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art MAR methods.


Subject(s)
Artifacts , Metals , Phantoms, Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Metals/chemistry , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Algorithms , Prostheses and Implants , Monte Carlo Method , Deep Learning
6.
Med Phys ; 51(2): 1163-1177, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37459053

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Scattering photons can seriously contaminate cone-beam CT (CBCT) image quality with severe artifacts and substantial degradation of CT value accuracy, which is a major concern limiting the widespread application of CBCT in the medical field. The scatter kernel deconvolution (SKD) method commonly used in clinic requires a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation to determine numerous quality-related kernel parameters, and it cannot realize intelligent scatter kernel parameter optimization, causing limited accuracy of scatter estimation. PURPOSE: Aiming at improving the scatter estimation accuracy of the SKD algorithm, an intelligent scatter correction framework integrating the SKD with deep reinforcement learning (DRL) scheme is proposed. METHODS: Our method firstly builds a scatter kernel model to iteratively convolve with raw projections, and then the deep Q-network of the DRL scheme is introduced to intelligently interact with the scatter kernel to achieve a projection adaptive parameter optimization. The potential of the proposed framework is demonstrated on CBCT head and pelvis simulation data and experimental CBCT measurement data. Furthermore, we have implemented the U-net based scatter estimation approach for comparison. RESULTS: The simulation study demonstrates that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the proposed method is less than 9.72% and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is higher than 23.90 dB, while for the conventional SKD algorithm, the minimum MAPE is 17.92% and the maximum PSNR is 19.32 dB. In the measurement study, we adopt a hardware-based beam stop array algorithm to obtain the scatter-free projections as a comparison baseline, and our method can achieve superior performance with MAPE < 17.79% and PSNR > 16.34 dB. CONCLUSIONS: In this paper, we propose an intelligent scatter correction framework that integrates the physical scatter kernel model with DRL algorithm, which has the potential to improve the accuracy of the clinical scatter correction method to obtain better CBCT imaging quality.


Subject(s)
Algorithms , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Scattering, Radiation , Phantoms, Imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Artifacts
7.
Front Neurol ; 14: 1251467, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38073621

ABSTRACT

Vulto-van Silfhout-de Vries syndrome (VSVS; MIM 615828) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant disorder with unknown incidence. It is always caused by de novo heterozygous pathogenic variants in the DEAF1 gene, which encodes deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 homology. VSVS is characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability (ID) and/or global developmental delay (GDD), seriously limited language expression, behavioral abnormalities, somnipathy, and reduced pain sensitivity. In this study, we present a Chinese boy with moderate GDD and ID, severe expressive language impairment, behavioral issues, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), sleeping dysfunction, high pain threshold, generalized seizures, imbalanced gait, and recurrent respiratory infections as clinical features. A de novo heterozygous pathogenic missense variant was found in the 5th exon of DEAF1 gene, NM_021008.4 c.782G>C (p. Arg261Pro) variant by whole exome sequencing (WES). c.782G>C had not been previously reported in genomic databases and literature. According to the ACMG criteria, this missense variant was considered to be "Likely Pathogenic". We diagnosed the boy with VSVS both genetically and clinically. At a follow-up of 2.1 years, his seizures were well controlled after valproic acid therapy. In addition, the child's recurrent respiratory infections improved at 3.5 years of age, which has not been reported in previous individuals. Maybe the recurrent respiratory infections like sleep problems reported in the literature are not permanent but may improve naturally over time. The literature review showed that there were 35 individuals with 28 different de novo pathogenic variants of DEAF1-related VSVS. These variants were mostly missense and the clinical manifestations were similar to our patient. Our study expands the genotypic and phenotypic profiles of de novo DEAF1.

8.
J Econ Entomol ; 116(5): 1911-1921, 2023 Oct 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37463293

ABSTRACT

Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) is a booklouse pest that is a threat to commodity storage security worldwide. Accurate and sensitive methods of L. bostrychophila on-site identification are essential prerequisites for its effective management. Evidence suggests that L. bostrychophila contains 3 intraspecific biotypes that are morphologically indistinguishable but can be discriminated at the level of mitochondrial genome organization and sequences. The traditional molecular identification methods, such as DNA barcoding and PCR-RFLP, are instrumentally demanding and time-consuming, limiting the application of the identification in the field. Therefore, this study developed a new CRISPR/Cas12a-based visual nucleic acid system based on the mitochondrial gene coding for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (nad2), combined with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) to accurately identify L. bostrychophila from 4 other common stored-product booklice, and also differentiate 3 biotypes of this species at the same time. The entire identification process could be completed at 37 °C within 20 min with high sensitivity. The system could stably detect at least 1 ng/µl of DNA template. The green fluorescence signal produced by the trans-cleaving of the single-stranded DNA reporter could be observed by the naked eye under blue light. Additionally, the suggested system combined with the crude DNA extraction method to extract DNA rapidly, enabled identification of all developmental stages of L. bostrychophila. With crude DNA, this novel diagnostic system successfully identified an unknown booklouse by holding the reaction tubes in the hand, thus can be considered as an accurate, rapid, highly sensitive, and instrument-flexible method for on-site visual identification of L. bostrychophila.

9.
Food Sci Biotechnol ; 32(8): 1039-1047, 2023 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37215251

ABSTRACT

Choerospondias axillaris, snow pear, and apple composite fruit puree can be affected by non-enzymatic browning during storage decreasing the market value of the product. This study aimed to explore, using kinetic methods, the effects of non-enzymatic precursors (polyphenols and ascorbic acid) and intermediates (5-hydroxymethylfurfural) on fruit puree stored at 4 °C for 35 days. The results showed that ascorbic acid fitted the first-order reaction model, while the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was consistent with the complex reaction model. Furthermore, the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content was 1.53 ± 0.18 mg/L, (corresponding to an increase of 565%), and the ascorbic acid content was 0.88 ± 0.22 mg/100 g, (corresponding to a decrease of 98.5%). The results also demonstrated a change in the titratable acid, soluble solids, and pH of the fruit puree. Finally, the correlation results revealed a significant correlation between non-enzymatic browning and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, titratable acid, and pH (p < 0.05). Overall, the results suggest that the Maillard reaction could be responsible for the non-enzymatic browning of fruit purees during storage.

10.
Front Oncol ; 12: 845704, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35795048

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study investigated whether differences in the induction chemotherapy (IC) cycle number and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) affect survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). Methods: The survival outcomes of 386 consecutive LA-NPC patients treated between January 2015 and March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare treatment groups defined by IC< 3 or ≥3 IC cycles followed by radiotherapy with or without AC (i.e., IC<3+AC, IC<3+non-AC, IC≥3+AC, and IC≥3+non-AC groups). Results: The median follow-up time was 53 months (range: 2-74 months) and the median number of IC cycles was 2 (range: 1-6 cycles). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was significantly higher in patients with IC≥3 cycles compared to IC<3 cycles (95.7% vs. 90.3%, P=0.020). Multivariate analysis indicated that the IC cycle number is an independent factor for OS (hazard ratio=0.326, P=0.007). Furthermore, patients in the IC<3+AC group had a better OS rate than those in the IC<3+non-AC group (91.6% vs. 79.1%, P=0.030), indicating that AC positively affected OS in patients with IC<3. However, no significant difference in the OS rate was found between IC≥3+non-AC and IC≥3+AC groups (92.1% vs. 94.6%, P =0.550). Conclusion: The IC cycle number appears to be an independent prognostic factor for higher OS in LA-NPC patients who received ≥3 cycles. Sequential AC after IC plus radiotherapy may improve OS in patients with IC<3 cycles.

11.
Gigascience ; 112022 07 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35852419

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Booklice (psocids) in the genus Liposcelis (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) are a group of important storage pests, found in libraries, grain storages, and food-processing facilities. Booklice are able to survive under heat treatment and typically possess high resistance to common fumigant insecticides, hence posing a threat to storage security worldwide. RESULTS: We assembled the genome of the booklouse, L. brunnea, the first genome reported in Psocoptera, using PacBio long-read sequencing, Illumina sequencing, and chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) methods. After assembly, polishing, haplotype purging, and Hi-C scaffolding, we obtained 9 linkage groups (174.1 Mb in total) ranging from 12.1 Mb to 27.6 Mb (N50: 19.7 Mb), with the BUSCO completeness at 98.9%. In total, 15,543 genes were predicted by the Maker pipeline. Gene family analyses indicated the sensing-related gene families (OBP and OR) and the resistance-related gene families (ABC, EST, GST, UGT, and P450) expanded significantly in L. brunnea compared with those of their closest relatives (2 parasitic lice). Based on transcriptomic analysis, we found that the CYP4 subfamily from the P450 gene family functioned during phosphine fumigation; HSP genes, particularly those from the HSP70 subfamily, were upregulated significantly under high temperatures. CONCLUSIONS: We present a chromosome-level genome assembly of L. brunnea, the first genome reported for the order Psocoptera. Our analyses provide new insights into the gene family evolution of the louse clade and the transcriptomic responses of booklice to environmental stresses.


Subject(s)
Genome, Mitochondrial , Phthiraptera , Animals , Chromosomes , Insecta/genetics , Phthiraptera/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA
12.
Protein Pept Lett ; 29(7): 567-573, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35546749

ABSTRACT

Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type Q (PTPRQ), a member of the type III tyrosine phosphatase receptor (R3 PTPR) family, is composed of three domains, including 18 extracellular fibronectin type III (FN3) repeats, a transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domain. PTPRQ was initially identified as a transcript upregulated in glomerular mesangial cells in a rat model of glomerulonephritis. Subsequently, studies found that PTPRQ has phosphotyrosine phosphatase and phosphatidylinositol phosphatase activities and can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and survival. Further in vivo studies showed that PTPRQ is necessary for the maturation of cochlear hair bundles and is considered a potential gene for deafness. In the recent two decades, 21 mutations in PTPRQ have been linked to autosomal recessive hearing loss (DFNB84) and autosomal dominant hearing loss (DFNA73). Recent mutations, deletions, and amplifications of PTPRQ have been observed in many types of cancers, which indicate that PTPRQ might play an essential role in the development of many cancers. In this review, we briefly describe PTPRQ structure and enzyme activity and focus on the correlation between PTPRQ and human disease. A profound understanding of PTPRQ could be helpful in the identification of new therapeutic targets to treat associated diseases.


Subject(s)
Cochlea/metabolism , Hearing Loss , Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3/metabolism , Animals , Cochlea/growth & development , Fibronectins , Hearing Loss/genetics , Humans , Phosphatidylinositols , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/genetics , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/metabolism , Rats , Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3/chemistry
13.
BMC Pediatr ; 21(1): 269, 2021 06 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34107905

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To explore the clinical effect of early combined rehabilitation intervention on premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: Premature infants with gestational ages less than 32 weeks or birth weights less than 1500 g were included in the present study.The participants were divided into the intervention group and control group. All infants received the current routine treatment based on the clinical guidelines, and the intervention group was additionally treated by visual and auditory stimulation, oral motor function, respiratory function and neurodevelopmental training. The following clinical outcomes were compared: durations of oxygen supplementation and indwelling gastric tube use; incidences of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); Sliverman scores; incidences of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and intraventricular haemorrhage; days of hospitalization; and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Datas were analysed using the following statistical tests: the chi-square test, the independent samples or paired t test, repeated measures ANOVA, and the Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS: Compared with those in the control group, premature infants in the intervention group had shorter durations of oxygen supplementation and indwelling gastric tube use, fewer hospitalization days and lower incidences of ROP, BPD, and NEC.The intervention group had lower Sliverman scores and higher Ballard neuromuscular scores than the control group. CONCLUSION: Early combined rehabilitation intervention can improve the short-term clinical outcomes of premature infants.


Subject(s)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia , Infant, Premature, Diseases , Retinopathy of Prematurity , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Prognosis
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