Eco-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the sesame oil cake and its potential anticancer and antimicrobial activities.

In recent years, much attention is focused on silver nanoparticles for biomedical applications and then synthesis using plant procedure has drawn a great focus. In the current study silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the oil cake of Sesamumindicum, which has been used traditionally for several therapeutic purposes. Silver nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesizedin the presence of sesame oil cake. The sesame oil cake facilitated the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (SCAgNPs). The synthesized SCAgNPs were subjected to several studies using UV-Visspectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, TEM, and EDS and the particle characteristics were confirmed. The synthesized SCAgNPs was tested for antimicrobial activity using the disk diffusion method. The antitumor activity of the synthesized SCAgNPs was also tested usingbreast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). TEM result revealed spherical shape with a diameter ranging from 6.6 nm to 14.8 nm. Presence of elemental silver in the prepared SCAgNPs was confirmed by EDS. Further a cytotoxicity study was done on two different concentrations of SCAgNPs (2.5 and 7.5 µg/mL) on human breastcancer cell line (MCF-7 cells). Initially, 2.5 µg/mL dose treatment showed a viable cells region of 72.02%, apoptosis 11.81%; late apoptosis 15.18% and necrosis 1.20%. Interestingly, 7.5 µg/mL exhibited substantial cytotoxic effects, viable cells region 56.97%, apoptosis 7.42%, late apoptosis 31.19% and necrosis 4.85%. In the control, viable cells region was 73.72%, apoptosis 10.82%, late apoptosis 14.54% and necrosis 1.58%. The minimum inhibitory concentration (0.5 µg/mL), study was done on P. aeruginosa (27853), K. pneumoniae (70063), E. coli (25922). Silver nanoparticles synthesized using sesame oil cake exhibited a good antibacterial and antitumor activity. Hence it's a first report to spell out the therapeutic effect of AgNPs of sesame oil cake origin.

A Novel Technique of Spectral Discrimination of Variants of Sickle Cell Anemia.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited blood disorder with worldwide incidence of 15%; out of this, it is found in up to 20% in countries like Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. The standard conventional method of detection is complete blood count (CBC) followed by hemoglobin electrophoresis or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or both. In this context, spectral detection of variants of sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an innovative technique, which when made accurate and reliable could be an effective alternative, since the instrumentation is compact (5 kg) and hence portable. This makes mass screening even in remote villages possible. In this paper, we give the essential aspects of fluorescent spectral features of sickle cell trait (SCT), sickle cell disease (SCD), beta (ß) thalassemia trait (BTT) + SCD, and beta (ß) thalassemia disease (BTD) + SCD. All the above four major variants could be discriminated among themselves and also from the normal control blood sample. All these analyses could be carried out with 5 ml of blood, in a time period of 10 minutes. The results of this paper give strong support for an alternative method, a spectral technique, for molecular-level diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and other closely related blood disorders.