miR-211-5p Alleviates the Myocardial Ischemia Injury Induced by Ischemic Reperfusion Treatment via Targeting FBXW7.

Cardiovascular diseases, a class of the most common diseases, seriously threaten human health, which is a direct inducement of death in most countries. The restoration of blood supply is an impactful intervention way for cardiovascular disease treatments while the injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and ischemic reperfusion (I/R) may further impact the tissues of the patients. Myocardial reperfusion is a precondition for saving ischemic myocardial tissues in acute myocardial infarction while the injury induced by immediate reperfusion takes a great challenge for cardiovascular disease treatment. Howbeit, the reperfusion of coronary blood could aggravate the injury triggered by ischemia. At present, several studies have focused on the etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of ischemia-reperfusion injury of the myocardium. The report has verified that miR-211-5p was elevated in the pathological specimens, while the influence of miR-211-5p in I/R-mediated injury of myocardial cells remains unclear. This research is aimed at illustrating the role of miR-211-5p in the progression of I/R injury of myocardial cells, and qRT-PCR, western blot, CCK-8, and TUNEL assay were used to investigate the functions of miR-211-5p on I/R-mediated injury of myocardial cells. The result mirrored that miR-211-5p was distinctly reduced in the I/R-induced AC16, and reduced miR-211-5p could evidently improve the viability of I/R-induced AC16. miR-211-5p could directly target FBXW7, and FBXW7 upregulation could reverse the improvement of AC16 in viability and apoptosis level after suffering I/R. Moreover, it was also proved that miR-211-5p can mediate the activation of Wnt/ß-catenin via attenuating FBXW7. Consequently, this investigation identified miR-211-5p as a positive role to attenuate the injury of myocardial cells when suffering I/R treatment.

Resveratrol improves ovarian function in aged rat by inhibiting oxidative stress and activating the Sirt1.

Oxidative stress is a leading driver of ovarian aging. Silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog-1 (Sirt1) plays an role in ovarian function. Resveratrol has numerous effects, including anti-oxidant and Sirt1 activator. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on aging-induced ovarian change in rats. The female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: young control (Con), Aged+Res (20 mg/kg/day resveratrol for 45 days), and Aged. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was detected by ELISA assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected by conventional method. The ovarian structure and follicles were observed by hematoxylin staining, the caspase-3 and Sirt1 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The AMH in the Aged+Res group was elevated, compared to that in Aged group (p < 0.05). The MDA was decreased and GSH-Px and SOD were increased in the Aged+Res group (p < 0.05). The primordial and primary follicles were increased in the Aged+Res group (p < 0.05). The Sirt1 was increased and caspase-3 was decreased in the Aged+Res group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that resveratrol can delay ovarian aging, probably by reducing oxidative damage and increasing Sirt1.

Microarray-based selection of a serum biomarker panel that can discriminate between latent and active pulmonary TB.

Bacterial culture of M. tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), from clinical specimens is the gold standard for laboratory diagnosis of TB, but is slow and culture-negative TB cases are common. Alternative immune-based and molecular approaches have been developed, but cannot discriminate between active TB (ATB) and latent TB (LTBI). Here, to identify biomarkers that can discriminate between ATB and LTBI/healthy individuals (HC), we profiled 116 serum samples (HC, LTBI and ATB) using a protein microarray containing 257 MTB secreted proteins, identifying 23 antibodies against MTB antigens that were present at significantly higher levels in patients with ATB than in those with LTBI and HC (Fold change > 1.2; p < 0.05). A 4-protein biomarker panel (Rv0934, Rv3881c, Rv1860 and Rv1827), optimized using SAM and ROC analysis, had a sensitivity of 67.3% and specificity of 91.2% for distinguishing ATB from LTBI, and 71.2% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity for distinguishing ATB from HC. Validation of the four candidate biomarkers in ELISA assays using 440 serum samples gave consistent results. The promising sensitivity and specificity of this biomarker panel suggest it merits further investigation for its potential as a diagnostic for discriminating between latent and active TB.

Associations between genetic variants located in mature microRNAs and risk of lung cancer.

MiRNAs have been focused for their wide range of biological regulatory functions. Previous studies have suggested that individual miRNAs could influence tumorigenesis through their regulation of specific proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. This study was implemented to investigate the associations between SNPs in mature microRNAs (miRNAs) and development of lung cancer in a two-stage, case-control study, followed by some functional validations. First, 11 SNPs were analyzed in a case-control study of lung cancer, and the significant results were validated in an additional population. Our results showed that rs3746444 in mir-499 (allele C vs T: OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.15-1.54; P = 1.2 × 10-4) and rs4919510 in mir-608 (allele G vs C: OR = 1.27; 95% CI= 1.13-1.43; P = 5.1 × 10-5) were significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Rs3746444 in mir-499 was also significantly associated with poor survival of lung cancer (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.15-1.58; P = 0.0002). The expression levels of mir-499 and mir-608 were significantly lower than those of adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.0005), and the carriers of minor alleles have lower expression levels of mir-499 and mir-608 than those of major alleles (P < 0.001). These findings indicated that rs3746444 in mir-499 and rs4919510 in mir-608 might play a substantial role in the susceptibility to lung cancer.