ABSTRACT
Dihydrogenarsenate [H(2)AsO(4)(-), As(V)] or dichromate [Cr(2)O(7)(2-), Cr(VI)] at pH=4.0 showed to be sorbed on a Fe(OH)(x)-polymerin complex and ferrihydrite to a greater extent than on polymerin, the organic polymeric fraction of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW). In particular, the maximum amount (x(m)) of arsenate sorbed on Fe(OH)(x)-polymerin complex was similar to that on ferrihydrite (880.26 and 743.02 mmol kg(-1), respectively), and was much greater than that sorbed on polymerin (384.25 mmol kg(-1)). The sorption of dichromate was to a comparable extent on Fe(OH)(x)-polymerin complex and ferrihydrite (205.90 and 254.88 mmol kg(-1), respectively). Cr(III), a less toxic chromium form, mainly, and Cr(V) were indeed the effective forms sorbed on polymerin (200 mmol kg(-1)), as a consequence of the redox reaction of the strongly toxic Cr(VI) with the CH(2)OH groups of the polysaccharide moiety of this bio-sorbent, according to the data deriving from XPS and DRIFT analyses. The potential exploitation of the selected sorbents for the removal of As(V) or Cr(VI) from aqueous effluents is briefly discussed.
Subject(s)
Arsenates/isolation & purification , Chromates/isolation & purification , Ferric Compounds/chemistry , Industrial Waste/prevention & control , Polymers/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification , Adsorption , Anions , Oxidation-ReductionABSTRACT
Long-term central vein catheters have found clinical application in different fields of medicine and particularly in oncology. In fact, the continuous infusion of some drugs has become the standard treatment in a wide variety of cancers, but central vein catheters are not without risks. The authors report their experience with central vein catheters. From January 1,1998, to December 31, 1999, 98 central vein catheters were placed in neoplastic patients. Seventy-seven (78.6%) Groshong and 16 (16.3%) Port-a-cath catheters were used. The central vein catheters were placed under local anesthesia. Before placement of the central vein catheters, the patients were checked by chest X-ray and neck ultrasonography. The procedure was performed under fluoroscopic control. The central vein catheters were flushed periodically with normal saline solution and sodium heparin. Sterile transparent adhesive dressings were used to occlude the operative site. The median follow-up of patients was 9 catheter months (range, 1-24 months). There were a few early and late clinically evident complications. The early complications were dislodgement in 5 cases (5.1%). The late complications were: fibrin sleeve in 1 case (1.1%), thrombosis in 2 cases (2.1%) and skin infection in 4 cases (4.1%). The low prevalence of major complications related to implants and management of these supports an increased use in oncology.
Subject(s)
Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
We reviewed 160 diaphyseal and metaphyseal fractures of the femur and tibia in children treated between 1964 and 1980 at the Orthopaedic and Traumatological Clinic of the University of Rome. The initial documentation was complete in these cases and 96 presented for clinical and radiographic long-term follow-up. The analysis of this material showed that lengthening of the affected limb had occurred in 46% of cases. The amount of such lengthening, however, was only from 0.5 to 1.5 cm and never exceeded 2 cms. It was most frequent in children between the ages of 3 to 8 years with fractures of the tibia, particularly in the upper third of the bone.