The evaluation of salivary oxidative stress in patients with familial Mediterranean fever and chronic periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherent autoinflammatory disease and have a high prevalence in Mediterranean countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary levels of oxidative stress parameters in patients with FMF and chronic periodontitis. METHODS: The study population consists of 81 patients with FMF and 85 systemically healthy controls. The test and control groups were classified as chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy [FMF-periodontitis (n = 37); FMF-periodontally healthy (n = 44); systemically healthy-periodontitis (n = 37); systemically and periodontally healthy (n = 48]. Total salivary samples were collected. Clinical periodontal parameters including plaque index, gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), the percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP%), and clinical attachment level (CAL), were measured. Salivary total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were evaluated. RESULTS: The FMF-periodontitis group had significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG, MDA, and OSI than that of the FMF-periodontally healthy group. In the FMF-periodontitis group, PD, 8-OHdG, MDA, and OSI levels were significantly higher than in the systemically healthy-periodontitis group (P = 0.035, P = 0.000, P = 0.000, and P = 0.000, respectively). 8-OHdG values were significantly correlated with BOP% and GI, and TOS values were significantly correlated with PD and CAL in the FMF-periodontitis group. CONCLUSIONS: In the presence of FMF and chronic periodontitis, there were increased salivary levels of oxidative stress. Thus, oxidative stress could be an important inflammatory mechanism in the FMF and chronic periodontitis. Further studies need to clarify the oxidative mechanisms of FMF and chronic periodontitis.

Serum, salivary, and tissue levels of plasminogen in familial Mediterranean fever, amyloidosis, and chronic periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: There are no published studies regarding the role of the plasminogen (PLG) system in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), FMF-associated secondary amyloidosis, or chronic periodontitis (CP), although recent limited data have focused on the association between FMF and chronic periodontitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the serum, salivary, and gingival tissue levels of PLG in patients with CP, FMF, and amyloidosis. METHODS: The study population included 122 patients with FMF (only FMF, and FMF and amyloidosis and 128 individuals who were systemically healthy controls. Blood and salivary samples were obtained from the cases and controls, and clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Serum and salivary PLG levels were assessed. The gingival tissue samples of the case and control groups were analyzed histopathologically and immunohistochemically for amyloid deposition and PLG. RESULTS: The amyloidosis group had significantly more severe clinical periodontal parameters than those of the FMF and systemically healthy groups (P < 0.05). Salivary levels of PLG were significantly higher in the FMF and amyloidosis groups compared with those in the control group (P < 0.001). The FMF with periodontitis and amyloidosis with periodontitis groups had higher salivary PLG levels compared with those in the CP group. Serum and salivary PLG levels were significantly associated with the clinical periodontal parameters in the FMF group. The amyloidosis cases had hyperplasia, severe inflammation, and activation of the gingiva. CONCLUSION: The PLG system could play an important role in inflammatory diseases, such as chronic periodontitis, FMF, and FMF-associated secondary amyloidosis.