Metoidioplasty.

Transmasculine gender confirmation surgery remains challenging and demanding. As there is no perfect or standard procedure for creating male genitalia, practitioners continue to strive for better solutions. There are 2 goals in the surgical treatment of transgender persons: removal of the native genitalia and secondary sexual characteristics and creation of the desired genitalia and secondary sexual characteristics. In transmen, this often means removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and vagina and creation of the external genitalia. This article highlights metoidioplasty. Metoidioplasty with simultaneous removal of the internal genitalia may be performed in a single procedure.

Current surgical management of severe peyronie's disease.

OBJECTIVES: To report the principles of penile resculpturing of different deformities caused by M. Peyronie: restoration of penile length, girth and shape with or without penile prosthesis implantation. METHODS: In the period between February 2007 and March 2009, we performed grafting surgery for M. Peyronie in 98 patients aged between 24 and 72 years (mean 52 years). Penile deformities were diferent: dorsal curvature in 54 (55%), lateral in 7 (7%), ventral in 11 (11%), and combined curvature in 21 (21%) associated corporal narrowing was present in 24 patients (24%). Four (4%) patients presented isolated penile shortening without other deformity. Isolated diffuse corporal narrowing without shortening was found in two (2%) patients. Severity of curvature ranges from 60 to 90 degrees, mean 72. Thirty one (31%) patients had associated ED. Surgical options for severe Peyronie's disease were: single grafting in 26 pts (26%), complex grafting including circular tunical incision in 36 pts (36%), and in patients with ED the same procedures combined with penile prosthesis implantation (37 pts, 38%). Surgical correction was based on measurement of the tunical defect and precise calculation of graft size and shape. Penile straightening and lengthening was achieved by equalizing of shortened penile side/s with the longest one (convex) and grafting. Penile width is reestablished with additional longitudinal incision/s and grafting; graft width is determined by measurement of difference in circumference between normal and narrowed part of the corpora. We used Intexen LP (AMS) as a grafting material in all cases. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 15 months (6-25). Mean penile length gain without prosthesis was 2.8cm (1.5-4.2) and with prosthesis 3.2cm (2-4.5cm). Insuficient straightening was in 5 patients (>15 degree) where Neuro Vascular Bundle (NVB) was limiting factor. Twenty four patients reported hypoesthesia and reduced orgasmic sensitivity that recovered spontaneously after 3-6 months. De-novo ED occurred in 6 pts and progression of disease in 6 patients. Infection occurred only in one patient with penile prosthesis implantation. Overall patients' satisfaction was 95%. CONCLUSIONS: Complete tunical reconstruction in IPP can be performed as a safe procedure by transversal, longitudinal and circular grafting with or without simultaneous penile prosthesis implantation. Maximum penile length, girth and shape restoration can be achieved using geometrical calculation, regardless of type of deformity.

Manejo quirúrgico actual de la enfermedad de le Peyronie grave / Current Surgical Management of Severe Peyronie’s Disease

OBJETIVO: Informar sobre los principios de la cirugía reconstructiva de diferentes deformidades del pene causadas por la enfermedad de Peyronie: restauración de la longitud, perímetro y forma con o sin implante de prótesis de pene.MÉTODOS: En el período comprendido entre febrero 2007 y marzo de 2009, se realizó cirugía con par-che por enfermedad de Peyronie en 98 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre 24 y 72 años (media 52 años). Las deformidades en el pene eran diferentes: curvatura dorsal en 54 (55%) pacientes, lateral en 7 (7%), ventral en 11 (11%), y curvatura combinada en 21 (21%); 24 pacientes presentaban estrechamiento en el cuerpo cavernoso (reloj de arena) (24 %). Cuatro (4%) pacientes presentaban acortamiento de pene aislado, sin otras deformidades, y en dos (2%) pacientes se encontró un estrechamiento cavernoso difuso aislado sin acortamiento. La gravedad de la curvatura varió de 60º- 90º, media 72. Treinta y un (31%) pacientes pade-cían disfunción eréctil asociada. Las opciones quirúrgi-cas para los casos graves de enfermedad de Peyronie fueron: injerto simple en 26 (26%) pacientes, injertos complejos incluyendo incisión circular de la túnica albugínea en 36 (36%), y los mismos procedimientos en pacientes con disfunción eréctil combinados con implante de prótesis de pene en 37 pacientes (38%). La corrección quirúrgica se basó en la medición del defecto de la túnica y el cálculo preciso del tamaño del injerto y la forma. El enderezamiento y alargamiento del pene se logró, mediante la nivelación del lado/s acortados del pene con el más largo (convexo) y el injerto. El ancho del pene se restablece con incisión/es longitudinal/es adicionales e injertos; el ancho del injerto se determina mediante la medición de la diferencia en la circunferencia entre las partes normal y reducida del cuerpo cavernoso. En todos los casos, se utilizó InteXen LP (AMS) como material de injerto(AU)

RESULTADOS: El seguimiento medio fue de 15 meses (6-25). El incremento de longitud del pene fue de 2,8 cm sin prótesis (1,5-4,2 cm) y 3,2 cm (2-4,5cm) con prótesis. En 5 pacientes (<15 grados), la corrección de la curvatura fue insuficiente, debido a que el haz neurovascular fue un factor limitante. Veinticuatro pacientes informaron de hipoestesia y sensibilidad orgásmica reducida que se recuperó espontáneamente al cabo de 3-6 meses. Seis pacientes presentaron una disfunción eréctil de novo y 6 pacientes progresión de la enfermedad. Sólo un paciente con implante de prótesis de pene sufrió infección. El índice de satisfacción general de los pacientes fue del 95%.CONCLUSIONES: La reconstrucción de la túnica albu-gínea completa en la enfermedad de Peyronie puede realizarse como un procedimiento seguro por medio de injertos transversales, longitudinales y circulares con o sin implante simultáneo de prótesis de pene. Se puede lograr, mediante el cálculo geométrico, la longitud máxi-ma del pene, el grosor y la recuperación de la forma, independientemente del tipo de deformidad(AU)

OBJECTIVES: To report the principles of penile re-sculpturing of different deformities caused by M. Peyronie: restoration of penile length, girth and shape with or without penile prosthesis implantation.METHODS: In the period between February 2007 and March 2009, we performed grafting surgery for M. Peyronie in 98 patients aged between 24 and 72 years (mean 52 years). Penile deformities were diferent: dorsal curvature in 54 (55%), lateral in 7 (7%), ventral in 11 (11%), and combined curvature in 21 (21%); associated corporal narrowing was present in 24 patients (24%). Four (4%) patients presented isolated penile shortening without other deformity. Isolated diffuse corporal narrowing without shortening was found in two (2%) patients. Severity of curvature ranges from 60 to 90 degrees, mean 72. Thirty one (31%) patients had associated ED. Surgical options for severe Peyronie’s disease were: single grafting in 26 pts (26%), complex grafting including circular tunical incision in 36 pts (36%), and in patients with ED the same procedures combined with penile prosthesis implantation (37 pts, 38%). Surgical correction was based on measurement of the tunical defect and precise calculation of graft size and shape. Penile straightening and lengthening was achieved by equalizing of shortened penile side/s with the longest one (convex) and grafting. Penile width is reestablished with additional longitudinal incision/s and grafting; graft width is determined by measurement of difference in circumference between normal and narrowed part of the corpora. We used Intexen LP (AMS) as a grafting material in all cases(AU)

RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 15 months (6-25). Mean penile length gain without prosthesis was 2.8cm (1.5-4.2) and with prosthesis 3.2cm (2-4.5cm). Insuficient straightening was in 5 patients (>15 degree) where Neuro Vascular Bundle (NVB) was limiting factor. Twenty four patients reported hypoesthesia and reduced orgasmic sensitivity that recovered spontaneously after 3-6 months. De-novo ED occurred in 6 pts and progression of disease in 6 patients. Infection occurred only in one patient with penile prosthesis implantation. Overall patients’ satisfaction was 95%. CONCLUSIONS: Complete tunical reconstruction in IPP can be performed as a safe procedure by transversal, longitudinal and circular grafting with or without simultaneous penile prosthesis implantation. Maximum penile length, girth and shape restoration can be achieved using geometrical calculation, regardless of type of deformity(AU)

Complex case of urethral duplication with megalourethra.

Urethral duplication and megalourethra are very rare anomalies and their concomitant presence is extremely rare, with only a few published cases. We present a complex case of complete urethral duplication with dorsal megalourethra that was severely stenotic in its bulbar part and meatus, with the ventral urethra atretic distally and dilated proximally. Both the corpus spongiosum and the cavernosum were missing. He had associated upper urinary tract abnormalities. Urethral patency was restored successfully by meatoplasty, staged buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty, and tailoring of the megalourethra. This report is unique regarding the use of a buccal mucosa graft for urethral reconstruction in patients with associated urethral duplication and megalourethra.

Severe penile injuries: a problem of severity and reconstruction.

OBJECTIVES: To report our experience of treating severe penile injuries with different causes and treatments, as penile trauma presents a difficult physical and psychological problem, and the type and extent of injury varies from mild to severe, sometimes even with total amputation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analysed retrospectively 43 patients (mean age 28 years, range 5-52 years) with severe penile injuries referred to us from March 1999 to August 2007. The causes of penile injuries differed, including iatrogenic trauma (20), traffic accidents (11), burns (three), self-amputation (two), ritual circumcision (two), penile fracture (two), gunshot trauma (two) and electrocution (one). The management required a wide variety of surgical techniques tailored to each patient depending on the type and extent of injury. RESULTS: The mean (range) follow-up was 47 (10-108) months. The aesthetic and functional results, including satisfactory sexual intercourse were good in 35 patients. There were complications in seven patients; infection after implanting an inflatable penile prosthesis in one, protrusion of a semirigid prosthesis in one, urethral complications (one stenosis and two fistulae) in three and partial skin flap necrosis in two. CONCLUSIONS: Severe penile injuries should be treated on an individual basis, applying different techniques. However, treatment can be effective and safe only in specialized centres.

New insight into surgical anatomy of epispadiac penis and its impact on repair.

PURPOSE: Surgical anatomy of the epispadiac penis is still not fully described. Using our complete disassembly technique, we discovered some anatomical features of epispadiac penis that may have significant impact on surgical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 patients 2 days to 19 years old (mean age 43 months) underwent primary repair of epispadias between October 1996 and December 2006. After complete penile disassembly, ie full mobilization of the corporeal bodies, neurovascular bundles and urethral plate, reassembly of the penile entities was done. The urethral plate is tubularized and ventralized. The corporeal bodies are straightened and lengthened by 2 transverse incisions and grafting, joined medially and fixed to the glans cap. The glans is reconstructed, and the neurovascular bundles are moved dorsally and joined. The skin is reconstructed using different local flaps. RESULTS: Investigating the anatomical features of the epispadiac penis, we discovered several distinguishing features. The corporeal bodies are separated and triangular in shape. They represent the main substrate of dorsal curvature due to the significant disproportion in length between the long ventral and short wedge-shaped dorsal sides. The length of the neurovascular bundles is determined by their course-they are longer if they overlie the ventral side of the corpora and shorter if positioned over the dorsal side. The skin between the scrotum and penis has characteristics similar to penile skin. A good functional and esthetic outcome was achieved in 46 patients. Erection and glanular sensitivity were preserved in all patients. There was no necrosis of the glans or corporeal bodies. Complications included urethral fistula in 4 patients, stenosis in 2 and mild residual curvature in 2. CONCLUSIONS: New insights into the anatomical features of the epispadiac penis can have a significant impact on surgical outcomes.