Influence of different surface treatments on bond strength of a Self-Adhesive resin cement to CAD-CAM materials / Influencia de los diferentes tratamientos superficiales en la unión del cemento resinoso autoadhesivo a los materiales CAD-CAM

To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of self-adhesive resin cement when used with two different computer-aided design (CAD)-computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) materials after various surface treatments. Nanoceramic resin Lava Ultimate (LU) and feldspathic ceramic Vita Mark II (VM) CAD-CAM block samples were prepared with 1.5-mm thickness, and a total of 90 samples were obtained (N=90), with five samples of each block. The samples were divided into the following five groups according to the surface treatments (n=9): group 1, untreated (control); group 2,5% hydrofluoric acid etching; group 3, Er: YAG laser irradiation; group 4, tribochemical silica coating (Cojet); and group 5, air-abrasion with Al2O3. After silane application, resin cement was applied on a transparent matrix (diameter, 3mm; height, 2mm) on the blocks. SBS was determined using a universal testing device at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to analyze the SBS values. LU showed the highest SBS value in group 4. The average SBS values in groups 3 and were found to be lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). When VM was examined, while all surface treatments increased the SBS values significantly, the highest SBS value was observed in group 4 (p<0.05). This study revealed that all surface treatments used negatively affected the bond strength values of self-adhesive resin cement to LU, except for Cojet application. The SBS values of resin cement with VM increased in all surface treatment application groups.

Evaluar la resistencia de unión al corte (SBS) del cemento de resina autoadhesivo cuando se utiliza con dos materiales diferentes de diseño asistido por computadora (CAD) y fabricación asistida por computadora (CAM) después de varios tratamientos superficiales. Se prepararon muestras de bloques CAD-CAM de resina Lava Ultimate (LU) y cerámica feldespática Vita Mark II (VM) con un espesor de 1,5mm, y se obtuvieron un total de 90 muestras (N=90), con cinco muestras de cada bloque. Las muestras se dividieron en los siguientes cinco grupos según los tratamientos superficiales (n=9): grupo 1, sin tratar (control); grupo 2, grabado con ácido fluorhídrico al 5%; grupo 3, irradiación con láser Er: YAG; grupo 4, recubrimiento triboquímico de sílice (Cojet); y grupo 5, aire-abrasión con Al2O3. Después de la aplicación de silano, se aplicó cemento de resina sobre una matriz transparente (diámetro, 3mm; altura, 2mm) sobre los bloques. La SBS se determinó usando un dispositivo de prueba universal a una velocidad de cruceta de 1mm/min. Se utilizaron análisis de varianza bidireccional (ANOVA) y pruebas post hoc de Tukey para analizar los valores de SBS. LU mostró el valor más alto de SBS en el grupo 4. Los valores promedio de SBS en los grupos 3 y fueron más bajos que en el grupo de control (p<0,05). Cuando se examinó VM, mientras que todos los tratamientos superficiales aumentaron significativamente los valores de SBS, el valor más alto de SBS se observó en el grupo 4 (p<0,05). Este estudio reveló que todos los tratamientos de superficie utilizados afectaron negativamente los valores de resistencia de la unión del cemento de resina autoadhesivo a LU, a excepción de la aplicación Cojet. Los valores de SBS del cemento de resina con VM aumentaron en todos los grupos de aplicación de tratamiento de superficie.

Individual hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hygiene behaviors of individuals during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHOD: During the pandemic (April 2021-September 2021), 439 adults were surveyed online via Google Forms, which assessed the individuals' introductory information and hygiene behaviors as determined by the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale. RESULTS: Out of the participants, 71.3% were female and 68.3% were 18-33 years old. The mean COVID-19 Hygiene Scale score of the participants was 94.62 ± 26.56. Individuals belonging to the 18-33 years age group had significantly higher hand hygiene scores than the other age groups (p < 0.05). Women showed a higher mean total and subdomain scores in the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale than men. A significant difference between the social distance and mask use and hand hygiene subdomains was observed (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The hand hygiene scores of the individuals varied by age and gender, whereas the social distance and mask use scores varied by only gender. Based on the above mentioned results, the nurses should focus on the individuals' development of effective hygiene behaviors, and schedule and implement trainings according to the sociodemographic differences among the individuals.

Individual hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic / Comportamentos individuais de higiene durante a pandemia de COVID-19 / Conductas individuales de higiene durante la pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the hygiene behaviors of individuals during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Method: During the pandemic (April 2021-September 2021), 439 adults were surveyed online via Google Forms, which assessed the individuals' introductory information and hygiene behaviors as determined by the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale. Results: Out of the participants, 71.3% were female and 68.3% were 18-33 years old. The mean COVID-19 Hygiene Scale score of the participants was 94.62 ± 26.56. Individuals belonging to the 18-33 years age group had significantly higher hand hygiene scores than the other age groups (p < 0.05). Women showed a higher mean total and subdomain scores in the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale than men. A significant difference between the social distance and mask use and hand hygiene subdomains was observed (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The hand hygiene scores of the individuals varied by age and gender, whereas the social distance and mask use scores varied by only gender. Based on the above mentioned results, the nurses should focus on the individuals' development of effective hygiene behaviors, and schedule and implement trainings according to the sociodemographic differences among the individuals.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os comportamentos de higiene dos indivíduos durante a pandemia da Doença Coronavírus-2019 (COVID-19). Método: Durante a pandemia (entre abril de 2021 a setembro de 2021), 439 adultos foram entrevistados on-line por médio do Google Forms, que avaliou as informações introdutórias e os comportamentos de higiene dos indivíduos, de acordo a Escala de Higiene COVID-19. Resultados: 71.3% dos participantes eram do sexo feminino e 68.3% tinham entre 18 e 33 anos. A pontuação média dos participantes de acordo a Escala de Higiene COVID-19 foi de 94.62 ± 26.56. Indivíduos pertencentes à faixa etária de 18 a 33 anos apresentaram escores de higiene das mãos significativamente mais altos do que as outras faixas etárias (p < 0.05). As mulheres apresentaram pontuações médias totais e de subdomínios mais altas na Escala de Higiene COVID-19 do que os homens. Observou-se diferença significativa entre os subdomínios distância social e uso de máscara e higiene das mãos (p < 0.05). Conclusão Os escores de higiene das mãos dos indivíduos variaram por idade e sexo, enquanto os escores de distância social e uso de máscara variaram apenas por gênero. Com base nos resultados referidos acima, os enfermeiros devem se concentrar em desenvolvimento de comportamentos de higiene eficazes nos indivíduos, agendar e implementar treinamentos de acordo com as diferenças sociodemográficas entre os indivíduos.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar las conductas de higiene de las personas durante la pandemia de la Enfermedad por Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Método: Durante la pandemia (Abril de 2021-Septiembre de 2021), se encuestó en línea a 439 adultos a través de Formularios de Google, que evaluaron la información introductoria y las conductas de higiene de las personas como lo determine el COVID-19 Hygiene Scale. Resultados: De los participantes, el 71.3% eran mujeres y el 68.3% tenían entre 18 y 33 años. La puntuación media del COVID-19 Hygiene Scale de los participantes fue de 94.62 ± 26.56. Los individuos pertenecientes al grupo de edad de 18-33 años tuvieron puntuaciones de higiene de manos considerablemente más altas que los otros grupos de edad (p < 0.05). Las mujeres mostraron una puntuación media total y de subdominio más alta que los hombres en el COVID-19 Hygiene Scale. Se observó una diferencia importante entre la distancia social y los subdominios de uso de mascarilla e higiene de manos (p < 0.05). Conclusión: Las puntuaciones de higiene de manos de los individuos variaron por edad y sexo, mientras que las puntuaciones de distancia social y uso de mascarillas variaron solo por género. Basado en los resultados mencionados, las enfermeras deben enfocarse en el desarrollo de conductas efectivos de higiene de los individuos, y programar e implementar capacitaciones de acuerdo con las diferencias sociodemográficas entre los individuos.

Experiencia de las madres de niños con síndrome de Down al momento del diagnóstico / Experience of mothers with Down syndrome children at the time of diagnosis

Introducción. El síndrome de Down (SD) es un trastorno genético frecuente. Las familias de los niños con SD en general no reciben suficiente información al momento del diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las experiencias de las madres de niños con SD al momento que le dieron el diagnóstico y la comunicación que brindaron los profesionales de la salud. Población y métodos. Se incluyeron madres de niños con síndrome de Down. Se evaluaron sus experiencias con la información del diagnóstico y las actitudes de los profesionales, mediante una entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados. La muestra fue 43 madres. Se diagnosticó SD durante el control prenatal en ocho niños y en 35 después del nacimiento. Dieciocho madres recibieron el diagnóstico en la clínica pediátrica, y a 16 les informaron en la maternidad. Más de la mitad de las madres recibieron la primera información sobre el diagnóstico de su hijo del pediatra. Solo cinco de las 43 madres habían recibido información detallada. De 32 madres, 23 dijeron que percibieron una actitud negativa. La mayoría de los informes del diagnóstico a las familias, duraron menos de cinco minutos. Conclusiones. Las madres de niños con SD desean recibir más información sobre el SD de parte de los profesionales de la salud. Además, desean que esta información se brinde de manera comprensiva y sensible. Los profesionales de la salud, en especial los pediatras, necesitan dedicar el tiempo suficiente para conversar con la familia sobre el SD y los desafíos que presenta.

Introduction. Down's syndrome (DS) is a common genetic disorder. The families of children with DS generally do not receive sufficient information at the time of the diagnosis. They are dissatisfied with the manner of healthcare professionals. The objective was to evaluate the experiences of mothers of children with DS at the time of the diagnosis and the communicative attitudes of healthcare professionals. Population and methods. Mothers who had children with Down syndrome were included. The experiences of the mothers at the time of diagnosis and the attitudes of the healthcare professionals were evaluated by a semistructured interview. Results. The study sample was 43 mothers. Eight children had been diagnosed with DS prenatally, and 35 had been diagnosed postnatally. Eighteen of the mothers had received the diagnosis in a pediatric clinic, and 16 had been told of the diagnosis in an obstetric clinic. More than half the mothers had received the first information about their child's diagnosis from a pediatrician. Only five of the 43 mothers had received detailed information. Twenty-three of 32 mothers said that they were met with a negative attitude. Generally, the time put aside to inform the families about the diagnosis was less than 5 min. Conclusions. Mothers of DS children want more information about DS from healthcare professionals. Furthermore, they want this information to be delivered in a supportive and sensitive manner. Healthcare professionals, especially pediatricians need to allocate sufficient time to discuss DS and its challenges with the family.

Experience of mothers with Down syndrome children at the time of diagnosis. / Experiencia de las madres de niños con síndrome de Down al momento del diagnóstico.

INTRODUCTION: Down's syndrome (DS) is a common genetic disorder. The families of children with DS generally do not receive sufficient information at the time of the diagnosis. They are dissatisfied with the manner of healthcare professionals. The objective was to evaluate the experiences of mothers of children with DS at the time of the diagnosis and the communicative attitudes of healthcare professionals. POPULATION AND METHODS: Mothers who had children with Down syndrome were included. The experiences of the mothers at the time of diagnosis and the attitudes of the healthcare professionals were evaluated by a semistructured interview. RESULTS: The study sample was 43 mothers. Eight children had been diagnosed with DS prenatally, and 35 had been diagnosed postnatally. Eighteen of the mothers had received the diagnosis in a pediatric clinic, and 16 had been told of the diagnosis in an obstetric clinic. More than half the mothers had received the first information about their child's diagnosis from a pediatrician. Only five of the 43 mothers had received detailed information. Twenty-three of 32 mothers said that they were met with a negative attitude. Generally, the time put aside to inform the families about the diagnosis was less than 5 min. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers of DS children want more information about DS from healthcare professionals. Furthermore, they want this information to be delivered in a supportive and sensitive manner. Healthcare professionals, especially pediatricians need to allocate sufficient time to discuss DS and its challenges with the family.

Introducción. El síndrome de Down (SD) es un trastorno genético frecuente. Las familias de los niños con SD en general no reciben suficiente información al momento del diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las experiencias de las madres de niños con SD al momento que le dieron el diagnóstico y la comunicación que brindaron los profesionales de la salud. Población y métodos. Se incluyeron madres de niños con síndrome de Down. Se evaluaron sus experiencias con la información del diagnóstico y las actitudes de los profesionales, mediante una entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados. La muestra fue 43 madres. Se diagnosticó SD durante el control prenatal en ocho niños y en 35 después del nacimiento. Dieciocho madres recibieron el diagnóstico en la clínica pediátrica, y a 16 les informaron en la maternidad. Más de la mitad de las madres recibieron la primera información sobre el diagnóstico de su hijo del pediatra. Solo cinco de las 43 madres habían recibido información detallada. De 32 madres, 23 dijeron que percibieron una actitud negativa. La mayoría de los informes del diagnóstico a las familias, duraron menos de cinco minutos. Conclusiones. Las madres de niños con SD desean recibir más información sobre el SD de parte de los profesionales de la salud. Además, desean que esta información se brinde de manera comprensiva y sensible. Los profesionales de la salud, en especial los pediatras, necesitan dedicar el tiempo suficiente para conversar con la familia sobre el SD y los desafíos que presenta.

Habilidades comunicativas de los residentes con las familias de bebés con síndrome de Down / Communication skills of residents to families with Down syndrome babies

Antecedentes. En general, los pediatras son los primeros profesionales de la atención médica encargados de dar el diagnóstico inicial de síndrome de Down (SD) a las familias. Sin embargo, cuando un bebé nace con SD, la mayoría de los padres no se sienten satisfechos con el contenido de la información brindada ni con la forma en que la recibieron. Los residentes de pediatría deberían participar en intervenciones educativas para ayudar a los padres a superar estos problemas y brindarles informaciónprecisa. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los niveles de comodidad de los residentes de pediatría y la necesidad de capacitación para comunicarse con los padres de niños que nacen con SD. Métodos. El Inventario de la situación diagnóstica (ISD) es una escala de calificación de diez preguntas que evalúa el nivel de incomodidad. Se envió una encuesta a todos los residentes de pediatría del país a través de la telefonía celular, sitios web y todos los medios sociales disponibles. También se registraron los factores sociodemográficos, incluida la información sobre los requisitos de capacitación. Resultados. Entre los 326 participantes, el nivel de incomodidad medio total fue del 30,22 sobre 50, el puntaje más alto del ISD. El nivel de incomodidad fue significativamente más alto entre las mujeres (p= 0,033). Se observó que ser mujer (p= 0,014), estar en uno de los primeros años de residencia (p= 0,028), haber examinado a una menor cantidad de pacientes con SD (p= 0,025) y sentir un nivel mayor de incomodidad (p= 0,001) son factores relacionados con una mayor necesidad de capacitación. El 84% de los residentes indicaron que necesitan capacitación adicional. Conclusiones. Este estudio mostró que los residentes de pediatría tuvieron un nivel de incomodidad alto cuando comunicaban el diagnóstico de SD a los padres del recién nacido. Las residentes tuvieron un nivel de incomodidad significativamente mayor que los residentes.

Background. Generally, pediatricians are the first health caregivers to deliver initial diagnosis of Down syndrome (DS) to the families. However, most of the parents are not satisfied with the contents and how they receive information when their child is born with DS. Pediatric residents should target educational interventions to help parents to overcome with these issues and to provide accurate information. The objective is to assess comfort levels and training requirements of pediatric residents to communicate with parents of babies born with Down syndrome. Methods. Diagnostic Situations Inventory (DSI) is a rating scale which included ten questions to assess discomfort level. A survey was sent via mobile, websites and all the social media which were available to all pediatrics residents in the country. Socio-demographic factors including information about training requirement were collected as well. Results. From the 326 participants, total mean discomfort level was 30.22 in DSI out of 50 which was the highest score. Discomfort level was significantly increased in female participants (p= 0.033). Being female (p= 0.014), having less residency level (p= 0.028), examining less number of patients with Down syndrome (p= 0.025) and having higher discomfort levels (p= 0.001) were found to be related with increased training requirement. From the residents, 84% declared the need for additional training. Conclusions. This study showed that pediatric residents had a high level of discomfort when communicating with parentes of newborn with Down Syndrome. Female residentes had a discomfort level significantly higher than male residentes.

Communication skills of residents to families with Down syndrome babies. / Habilidades comunicativas de los residentes con las familias de bebés con síndrome de Down.

BACKGROUND: Generally, pediatricians are the first health caregivers to deliver initial diagnosis of Down syndrome (DS) to the families. However, most of the parents are not satisfied with the contents and how they receive information when their child is born with DS. Pediatric residents should target educational interventions to help parents to overcome with these issues and to provide accurate information. The objective is to assess comfort levels and training requirements of pediatric residents to communicate with parents of babies born with Down syndrome. METHODS: Diagnostic Situations Inventory (DSI) is a rating scale which included ten questions to assess discomfort level. A survey was sent via mobile, websites and all the social media which were available to all pediatrics residents in the country. Socio-demographic factors including information about training requirement were collected as well. RESULTS: From the 326 participants, total mean discomfort level was 30.22 in DSI out of 50 which was the highest score. Discomfort level was significantly increased in female participants (p= 0.033). Being female (p= 0.014), having less residency level (p= 0.028), examining less number of patients with Down syndrome (p= 0.025) and having higher discomfort levels (p= 0.001) were found to be related with increased training requirement. From the residents, 84% declared the need for additional training. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that pediatric residents had a high level of discomfort when communicating with parentes of newborn with Down Syndrome. Female residentes had a discomfort level significantly higher than male residentes.

ANTECEDENTES: En general, los pediatras son los primeros profesionales de la atención médica encargados de dar el diagnóstico inicial de síndrome de Down (SD) a las familias. Sin embargo, cuando un bebé nace con SD, la mayoría de los padres no se sienten satisfechos con el contenido de la información brindada ni con la forma en que la recibieron. Los residentes de pediatría deberían participar en intervenciones educativas para ayudar a los padres a superar estos problemas y brindarles informaciónprecisa. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los niveles de comodidad de los residentes de pediatría y la necesidad de capacitación para comunicarse con los padres de niños que nacen con SD. MÉTODOS: El Inventario de la situación diagnóstica (ISD) es una escala de calificación de diez preguntas que evalúa el nivel de incomodidad. Se envió una encuesta a todos los residentes de pediatría del país a través de la telefonía celular, sitios web y todos los medios sociales disponibles. También se registraron los factores sociodemográficos, incluida la información sobre los requisitos de capacitación. RESULTADOS: Entre los 326 participantes, el nivel de incomodidad medio total fue del 30,22 sobre 50, el puntaje más alto del ISD. El nivel de incomodidad fue significativamente más alto entre las mujeres (p= 0,033). Se observó que ser mujer (p= 0,014), estar en uno de los primeros años de residencia (p= 0,028), haber examinado a una menor cantidad de pacientes con SD (p= 0,025) y sentir un nivel mayor de incomodidad (p= 0,001) son factores relacionados con una mayor necesidad de capacitación. El 84% de los residentes indicaron que necesitan capacitación adicional. CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio mostró que los residentes de pediatría tuvieron un nivel de incomodidad alto cuando comunicaban el diagnóstico de SD a los padres del recién nacido. Las residentes tuvieron un nivel de incomodidad significativamente mayor que los residentes.

Actitud de los pediatras sobre el uso de andadores para los bebés / Pediatricians' attitude about the use of infant walkers

Los andadores se utilizan frecuentemente a pesar de que su uso puede ocasionar lesiones. Se realizó una encuesta para obtener información sobre las actitudes y el abordaje de los pediatras respecto del uso de andadores. Se invitó a 247 pediatras que asistieron al 44° Congreso Turco de Pediatría y Europediatría (2008) a responder un cuestionario preparado por los autores. Se incluyeron en el análisis 226 cuestionarios respondidos en forma completa. La mediana de edad de los participantes (119 mujeres) fue de 39 años (29 a 58). De ellos, 4% recomendaban el uso de andadores, 32,3% dejaban la decisión a criterio de los padres y 63,7% no lo recomendaban. Ciento cinco habían tratado con anterioridad a un bebé que sufrió una lesión relacionada con el uso del andador; de ellos, 73,3% no recomendaron su uso y 57,1% opinaron que la producción y el uso de andadores deberían prohibirse. Conclusiones. El 4% de los pediatras encuestados recomiendan el uso de andadores para bebés y más del 30% dejan la decisión a los padres. Los pediatras que atendieron a un bebé que sufrió una lesión por el uso del andador fueron menos proclives a recomendarlo.

Infant walkers are still very popular even though their use might cause injuries. A survey was carried out to obtain information about attitudes and pediatricians' approach regarding the use of infant walkers. Two hundred and forty seven pediatricians who attended the 44th Turkish Congress of Pediatrics and Europediatrics (2008) were invited to reply to a questionnaire prepared by the authors. Two hundred and twenty six questionnaires replied in full were included. The median age of participants (119 women) was 39 years old (range: 29-58 years old). Out of the total, 4% recommended the use of a walker; 32.2% left the decision to parents' judgment, and 63.7% did not recommend its use. A hundred and five had previously treated an infant who had an injury associated to the use of the walker; out of them, 73.3% did not recommend its use and 57.1% stated that there should be a ban on the sale and manufacture of walkers. Conclusions. Out of the total number of surveyed pediatricians, 4% recommend the use of infant walkers and over 30% leave this decision to parents. Those pediatricians who took care of babies who had an injury associated to the use of a walker were less prone to recommending it.

Actitud de los pediatras sobre el uso de andadores para los bebés / Pediatricians attitude about the use of infant walkers

Los andadores se utilizan frecuentemente a pesar de que su uso puede ocasionar lesiones. Se realizó una encuesta para obtener información sobre las actitudes y el abordaje de los pediatras respecto del uso de andadores. Se invitó a 247 pediatras que asistieron al 44° Congreso Turco de Pediatría y Europediatría (2008) a responder un cuestionario preparado por los autores. Se incluyeron en el análisis 226 cuestionarios respondidos en forma completa. La mediana de edad de los participantes (119 mujeres) fue de 39 años (29 a 58). De ellos, 4% recomendaban el uso de andadores, 32,3% dejaban la decisión a criterio de los padres y 63,7% no lo recomendaban. Ciento cinco habían tratado con anterioridad a un bebé que sufrió una lesión relacionada con el uso del andador; de ellos, 73,3% no recomendaron su uso y 57,1% opinaron que la producción y el uso de andadores deberían prohibirse. Conclusiones. El 4% de los pediatras encuestados recomiendan el uso de andadores para bebés y más del 30% dejan la decisión a los padres. Los pediatras que atendieron a un bebé que sufrió una lesión por el uso del andador fueron menos proclives a recomendarlo.(AU)

Infant walkers are still very popular even though their use might cause injuries. A survey was carried out to obtain information about attitudes and pediatricians approach regarding the use of infant walkers. Two hundred and forty seven pediatricians who attended the 44th Turkish Congress of Pediatrics and Europediatrics (2008) were invited to reply to a questionnaire prepared by the authors. Two hundred and twenty six questionnaires replied in full were included. The median age of participants (119 women) was 39 years old (range: 29-58 years old). Out of the total, 4% recommended the use of a walker; 32.2% left the decision to parents judgment, and 63.7% did not recommend its use. A hundred and five had previously treated an infant who had an injury associated to the use of the walker; out of them, 73.3% did not recommend its use and 57.1% stated that there should be a ban on the sale and manufacture of walkers. Conclusions. Out of the total number of surveyed pediatricians, 4% recommend the use of infant walkers and over 30% leave this decision to parents. Those pediatricians who took care of babies who had an injury associated to the use of a walker were less prone to recommending it.(AU)

Pediatricians' attitude about the use of infant walkers.

UNLABELLED: Infant walkers are still very popular even though their use might cause injuries. A survey was carried out to obtain information about attitudes and pediatricians' approach regarding the use of infant walkers. Two hundred and forty seven pediatricians who attended the 44th Turkish Congress of Pediatrics and Europediatrics (2008) were invited to reply to a questionnaire prepared by the authors. Two hundred and twenty six questionnaires replied in full were included. The median age of participants (119 women) was 39 years old (range: 29-58 years old). Out of the total, 4% recommended the use of a walker; 32.2% left the decision to parents' judgment, and 63.7% did not recommend its use. A hundred and five had previously treated an infant who had an injury associated to the use of the walker; out of them, 73.3% did not recommend its use and 57.1% stated that there should be a ban on the sale and manufacture of walkers. CONCLUSIONS: Out of the total number of surveyed pediatricians, 4% recommend the use of infant walkers and over 30% leave this decision to parents. Those pediatricians who took care of babies who had an injury associated to the use of a walker were less prone to recommending it.

Pediatricians attitude about the use of infant walkers. / Pediatricians attitude about the use of infant walkers.

UNLABELLED: Infant walkers are still very popular even though their use might cause injuries. A survey was carried out to obtain information about attitudes and pediatricians approach regarding the use of infant walkers. Two hundred and forty seven pediatricians who attended the 44th Turkish Congress of Pediatrics and Europediatrics (2008) were invited to reply to a questionnaire prepared by the authors. Two hundred and twenty six questionnaires replied in full were included. The median age of participants (119 women) was 39 years old (range: 29-58 years old). Out of the total, 4

recommended the use of a walker; 32.2

left the decision to parents judgment, and 63.7

did not recommend its use. A hundred and five had previously treated an infant who had an injury associated to the use of the walker; out of them, 73.3

did not recommend its use and 57.1

stated that there should be a ban on the sale and manufacture of walkers. CONCLUSIONS: Out of the total number of surveyed pediatricians, 4

recommend the use of infant walkers and over 30

leave this decision to parents. Those pediatricians who took care of babies who had an injury associated to the use of a walker were less prone to recommending it.