Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mounting workload and heightened stress may contribute to exacerbated mental health challenges, including an increased fear of COVID-19, among military personnel. Despite the potential influence of these factors, there remains a scarcity of studies addressing mental health issues, particularly the fear of COVID-19, within this specific population. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 among military members. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2 and 9, 2021, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Lambayeque region, Peru. The outcome variable was fear of COVID-19, assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The association with resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, abbreviated as CD-RISC), food insecurity (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, abbreviated as HFIAS), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, abbreviated as IPAQ-S), eating disorder (Eating Attitudes Test-26, abbreviated as EAT-26), and other socio- demographic variables was assessed. Results: Among the 525 participants, the median age was 22, 95.8% were male, and 19.2% experienced fear of COVID-19. A higher prevalence of fear of COVID-19 was associated with age (PR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06), religion (PR=2.05; 95% CI: 1.04-4.05), eating disorder (PR=2.95; 95% CI: 1.99-4.36), and having a relative with mental disorder (PR=2.13; 95% CI: 1.09-4.17). Overweight (PR=0.58; 95% CI: 0.37-0.90) and a high level of resilience (PR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.43-0.93) were associated with a lower prevalence of fear of COVID-19. Discussion: Two out of ten military personnel were afraid of COVID-19. Our results highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing the factors contributing to fear of COVID-19 among military personnel, emphasizing the significance of mental health support and preventive measures within this specific population.

Mental Health Disturbance after a Major Earthquake in Northern Peru: A Preliminary, Cross-Sectional Study.

Little has been studied in Peru on the mental health repercussions after a major earthquake. We aimed to explore the factors associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms in people who experienced a 6.1 magnitude earthquake in Piura, Peru, on 30 July 2021. A preliminary cross-sectional study was conducted in the general population between August-September 2021. An online questionnaire was provided using PHQ-9, GAD-7, and other relevant measures. Generalized linear models were applied. Of the 177 participants, the median age was 22 years, the majority were female (56%), and many experienced depressive (52%) or anxiety symptoms (52%). Presence of depressive symptoms was associated with a personal history of mental disorder, moderate housing damage, social/material support from politicians, moderate food insecurity, and insomnia. Presence of anxiety symptoms was associated with physical injury caused by the earthquake, mild food insecurity, and insomnia. The development of depressive and anxiety symptoms following the 2021 earthquake experienced in Piura depended on multiple individual and socioeconomic factors. Additional studies should reinforce the factors identified here given the methodological limitations, such as the study design, sampling method, and sample size. This would lead to effective intervention measures to mitigate the impact of earthquakes on mental health.

Factores bioquímicos asociados a la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea / Biochemical factors associated with adherence to a Mediterranean Diet

Introducción: Existen evidencias respecto a la relación inversa, entre la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y el desarrollo de padecimientos crónicos como enfermedad coronaria, síndrome metabólico y diabetes. Objetivo: Determinar los factores bioquímicos asociados a la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, en pacientes atendidos en un centro médico peruano. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 209 pacientes atendidos en un centro médico de Lima, Perú. Se utilizó el cuestionario PREDIMED para medir la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. Se indagó la correlación entre el puntaje de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y las covariables, edad, sexo, hipertrigliceridemia, hipercolesterolemia, hiperglicemia en ayunas y diagnóstico nutricional. Se utilizaron modelos lineales generales. Resultados: De 209 participantes, la mayoría fueron hombres (79,9 por ciento) y la mediana de edad fue de 31 años. El 20,2 por ciento tenía obesidad, quienes presentaron alteraciones en triglicéridos, fueron el 29,1 por ciento, colesterol (21,7 por ciento) y glicemia en ayunas (26,8 por ciento). En cuanto al puntaje del PREDIMED, la media fue de 4,6 puntos. Se encontró que la hiperglicemia en ayunas (Coef. = -2,08) tuvo asociación negativa con el puntaje de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. Conclusión: La adherencia al patrón de dieta mediterránea es baja, y se correlaciona de forma negativa con hallazgos de hiperglicemia en los participantes evaluados (AU)

Introduction: There is evidence regarding the inverse relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the development of chronic conditions such as coronary heart disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Objective: To determine the factors associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients attended in a Peruvian medical center. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study in 209 patients attended at a medical center in Lima, Peru. The PREDIMED questionnaire was used to measure adherence to Mediterranean diet. Correlation between the Mediterranean diet adherence score and the covariates, age, sex, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, fasting hyperglycemia and nutritional diagnosis was investigated. General linear models were used. Results: Of 209 participants, the majority were male (79.9 %) and the median age was 31 years. The 20.2 percent had obesity, those who presented alterations in triglycerides were 29.1 percent, cholesterol (21.7 percent) and fasting glycemia (26.8 percent). As for the PREDIMED score, the mean was 4.6 points. It was found that fasting hyperglycemia (Coef. = -2.08) had a negative association with the Mediterranean diet adherence score. Conclusion: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is low, and is negatively correlated with hyperglycemia findings in the participants evaluated(AU)

Factores asociados a disfunción eréctil (de) alto grado en pacientes con tuberculosis de un hospital de lima, perú / Factors associated with high-grade erectile dysfunction in tuberculosis patients from a hospital in Lima, Peru

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia yfactores asociados a DE (disfunción eréctil) alto gradoen Lima, Perú.Material y método: Estudio transversal analítico enpacientes tuberculosos atendidos en consultorio externode un hospital público de Lima, Perú en el 2018. La DEalto grado fue la variable dependiente, utilizando elcuestionario IIEF-5 y las variables independientes fueronla orientación sexual, historia de patología previa, localización de tuberculosis, tipo de esquema de tratamiento y presencia de hemoptisis. Se estimaron razones deprevalencia (RP) utilizando modelos de regresión simpley múltiple. Resultados: De 189 pacientes, la mayoría presentaba tuberculosis pulmonar (98,9%), sobrepeso (25,9%) ypoco más de la mitad tuvo DE alto grado (52,9%). Enla regresión simple se encontró que los factores asociados a presentar DE alto grado fueron la edad en años(RP=1,11), reportar diabetes (RP=2,09), tener TB multidrogo-resistente (RP=1,51) y presentar un tiempo detratamiento de 1 año a más (RP=1,87). En la regresiónmúltiple, las variables que se asociaron a una mayorfrecuencia de TB alto grado fueron la edad en años(RP=1,11), el antecedente de diabetes (RP=1,66) y tener TB MDR (tuberculosis multirresistente) (2,04).Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere una alta prevalencia de DE en pacientes con TB, donde cuatrode cada diez presentaron DE alto grado. Tener mayoredad, presentar antecedente de diabetes y utilizar untratamiento MDR se asociaron positivamente al desarrollo de DE alto grado. Se requieren estudios con diseñoscercanos hacia la causalidad para conocer la magnitudreal de la influencia de características clínicas y terapéuticas en el desarrollo de DE alto grado.(AU)

Objective: To determine the prevalenceand factors associated with high-grade ED in Lima, Peru.Material and methods: Analytical cross-sectionalstudy in tuberculosis patients treated in an outpatientclinic of a public hospital in Lima, Peru in 2018. High- grade SD was the dependent variable, using the IIEF-5questionnaire and the independent variables were sexu-al orientation, history of previous pathology, location oftuberculosis, type of treatment scheme and presence ofhemoptysis. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated usingsimple and multiple regression models.Results: Of 189 patients, the majority presented pul-monary tuberculosis (98.9%), overweight (25.9%) andjust over half had high-grade ED (52.9%). In the simpleregression it was found that the factors associated withpresenting high-grade SD were age in years (RP=1.11),reporting diabetes (RP=2.09), having multi-drug resistantTB (RP=1.51) and presenting a treatment time from 1year to more (RP=1.87). In the multiple regression, thevariables that were associated with a higher frequencyof high-grade TB were age in years (RP=1.11), a historyof diabetes (RP=1.66) and having MDR TB (RP=2.04).Conclusions: This study suggests a high prevalenceof ED in patients with TB, where four out of ten presentedhigh-grade ED. Being older, having a history of diabetesand using an MDR treatment were positively associat-ed with the development of high-grade ED. Studies withdesigns close to causality are required to know the realmagnitude of the influence of clinical and therapeuticcharacteristics on the development of high-grade ED.(AU)

Factors associated with high-grade Erectile Dysfunction (ED) in tuberculosis patients from a hospital in Lima, Peru. / Factores asociados a Disfunción Eréctil (DE) alto grado en pacientes con tuberculosis de un Hospital de Lima, Perú.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with high-grade ED in Lima, Peru. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study in tuberculosis patients treated in an out patient clinic of a public hospital in Lima, Peru in 2018. High grade SD was the dependent variable, using the IIEF-5 questionnaire and the independent variables were sexual orientation, history of previous pathology, location of tuberculosis, type of treatment scheme and presence of hemoptysis. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using simple and multiple regression models. RESULTS: Of 189 patients, the majority presented pulmonary tuberculosis (98.9%), overweight (25.9%) and just over half had high-grade ED (52.9%). In the simple regression it was found that the factors associated with presenting high-grade SD were age in years (RP=1.11), reporting diabetes (RP=2.09), having multi-drug resistant TB (RP=1.51) and presenting a treatment time from 1 year to more (RP=1.87). In the multiple regression, the variables that were associated with a higher frequency of high-grade TB were age in years (RP=1.11), a history of diabetes (RP=1.66) and having MDR TB (RP=2.04). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a high prevalence of ED in patients with TB, where four out of ten presented high-grade ED. Being older, having a history of diabetes and using an MDR treatment were positively associated with the development of high-grade ED. Studies with designs close to causality are required to know the real magnitude of the influence of clinical and therapeutic characteristics on the development of high-grade ED.

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados a DE (disfunción eréctil) alto grado en Lima, Perú.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal analítico en pacientes tuberculosos atendidos en consultorio externo de un hospital público de Lima, Perú en el 2018. La DE alto grado fue la variable dependiente, utilizando el cuestionario IIEF-5 y las variables independientes fueron la orientación sexual, historia de patología previa, localización de tuberculosis, tipo de esquema de tratamiento y presencia de hemoptisis. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) utilizando modelos de regresión simple y múltiple. RESULTADOS: De 189 pacientes, la mayoría presentaba tuberculosis pulmonar (98,9%), sobrepeso (25,9%) y poco más de la mitad tuvo DE alto grado (52,9%). En la regresión simple se encontró que los factores asociados a presentar DE alto grado fueron la edad en años (RP=1,11), reportar diabetes (RP=2,09), tener TB multidrogo-resistente (RP=1,51) y presentar un tiempo de tratamiento de 1 año a más (RP=1,87). En la regresión múltiple, las variables que se asociaron a una mayor frecuencia de TB alto grado fueron la edad en años (RP=1,11), el antecedente de diabetes (RP=1,66) y tenerTB MDR (tuberculosis multirresistente) (2,04). CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio sugiere una alta prevalencia de DE en pacientes con TB, donde cuatro de cada diez presentaron DE alto grado. Tener mayor edad, presentar antecedente de diabetes y utilizar untratamiento MDR se asociaron positivamente al desarrollo de DE alto grado. Se requieren estudios con diseños cercanos hacia la causalidad para conocer la magnitud real de la influencia de características clínicas y terapéuticas en el desarrollo de DE alto grado.