Enhanced recovery after surgery from 1997 to 2022: a bibliometric and visual analysis.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative management concept, but there is no article to comprehensively review the collaboration and impact of countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords on ERAS from a bibliometric perspective. This study assessed the evolution of clustering of knowledge structures and identified hot trends and emerging topics. Articles and reviews related to ERAS were retrieved through subject search from the Web of Science Core Collection. We used the following strategy: "TS = Enhanced recovery after surgery" OR "Enhanced Postsurgical Recovery" OR "Postsurgical Recoveries, Enhanced" OR "Postsurgical Recovery, Enhanced" OR "Recovery, Enhanced Postsurgical" OR "Fast track surgery" OR "improve surgical outcome". Bibliometric analyses were conducted on Excel 365, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrics (R-Tool of R-Studio). Totally 3242 articles and reviews from 1997 to 2022 were included. These publications were mainly from 684 journals in 78 countries, led by the United States and China. Kehlet H published the most papers and had the largest number of co-citations. Analysis of the journals with the most outputs showed that most journals mainly cover Surgery and Oncology. The hottest keyword is "enhanced recovery after surgery". Later appearing topics and keywords indicate that the hotspots and future research trends include ERAS protocols for other types of surgery and improving perioperative status, including "bariatric surgery", "thoracic surgery", and "prehabilitation". This study reviewed the research on ERAS using bibliometric and visualization methods, which can help scholars better understand the dynamic evolution of ERAS and provide directions for future research.

The Incidence and Characteristics of Perinatal Stroke in Beijing: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: To assess the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of perinatal stroke in Beijing. Methods: This multicenter prospective study included all the live births from 17 representative maternal delivery hospitals in Beijing from March 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020. Neonates with a stroke were assigned to the study group. Clinical data, including general information, clinical manifestations, and risk factors, were collected. Up until 18 months after birth, neonates were routinely assessed according to the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) and/or the Bayley scale. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-squared, t-tests, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 26.0. Outcomes: In total, 27 cases were identified and the incidence of perinatal stroke in Beijing was 1/2,660 live births, including 1/5,985 for ischemic stroke and 1/4,788 for hemorrhagic stroke. Seventeen cases (62.96%) of acute symptomatic stroke and convulsions within 72 h (10 cases, 37.04%) were the most common presentations. Ten patients showed no neurological symptoms and were found to have had a stroke through routine cranial ultrasonography after being hospitalized for non-neurological diseases. The risk factors include primiparity, placental or uterine abruption/acute chorioamnionitis, intrauterine distress, asphyxia, and severe infection. In the study group, 11.1% (3/27) of patients had adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The patients in the study group had lower scores for the ASQ than those in the control group in the communication, gross, and fine motor dimensions. Conclusion: The incidence of perinatal stroke in Beijing was consistent with that in other countries. Routine neuroimaging of infants with risk factors may enable identification of asymptomatic strokes in more patients. Patients who have suffered from a stroke may have neurological sequelae; therefore, early detection, treatment, and regular follow-ups are beneficial for improving their recovery outcomes.

pH sensitive liposomes delivering tariquidar and doxorubicin to overcome multidrug resistance of resistant ovarian cancer cells.

Multidrug resistance of tumour cells is one of the most important hurdles in tumour chemotherapy. To overcome the multidrug resistance, we constructed a pH-sensitive liposome formulation (pHSL) by loading tariquidar (TQR) and DOX simultaneously in this work. The formulation showed high stability at pH 7.4 and excellent sensitivity at acidic pH, which facilitated the delivery of TQR and DOX into cells. Cellular experiments demonstrated that the pHSL/TQR/DOX 0.05 could almost restore the drug sensitivity of OVCAR8/ADR cells. Therefore, the pH sensitive liposome formulation pHSL/TQR/DOX 0.05 was very promising in treating resistant tumours.

Room-Temperature Pressure-Induced Optically-Actuated Fabry-Perot Nanomechanical Resonator with Multilayer Graphene Diaphragm in Air.

We demonstrated a miniature and in situ ~13-layer graphene nanomechanical resonator by utilizing a simple optical fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric excitation and detection scheme. The graphene film was transferred onto the endface of a ferrule with a 125-µm inner diameter. In contrast to the pre-tension induced in membrane that increased quality (Q) factor to ~18.5 from ~3.23 at room temperature and normal pressure, the limited effects of air damping on resonance behaviors at 10-2 and 105 Pa were demonstrated by characterizing graphene F-P resonators with open and micro-air-gap cavities. Then in terms of optomechanical behaviors of the resonator with an air micro-cavity configuration using a polished ferrule substrate, measured resonance frequencies were increased to the range of 509-542 kHz from several kHz with a maximum Q factor of 16.6 despite the lower Knudsen number ranging from 0.0002 to 0.0006 in damping air over a relative pressure range of 0-199 kPa. However, there was the little dependence of Q on resonance frequency. Note that compared with the inferior F-P cavity length response to applied pressures due to interfacial air leakage, the developed F-P resonator exhibited a consistent fitted pressure sensitivity of 1.18 × 105 kHz³/kPa with a good linearity error of 5.16% in the tested range. These measurements shed light on the pre-stress-dominated pressure-sensitive mechanisms behind air damping in in situ F-P resonant sensors using graphene or other 2D nanomaterials.

Facile synthesis of hierarchical Mn3O4 superstructures and efficient catalytic performance.

The development of novel materials with excellent performance depends not only on the constituents but also on their remarkable micro/nanostructures. In this work, manganese oxide (Mn3O4) hausmannite structures with a uniform three-dimensional (3D) flower-like hierarchical architecture have been successfully synthesized by a novel chemical route using surfactants as structure-directing agents. Microstructure analysis indicates that the obtained 3D flower-like Mn3O4 superstructure consists of a large number of two-dimensional (2D) Mn3O4 nanosheets, which is different from the reported 3D Mn3O4 hierarchical structures based on zero-dimensional nanoparticles or one-dimensional nanowires and nanorods. This 3D Mn3O4 hierarchical architecture provides us with another type of manganese oxide with different superstructural characteristics, which may have potential practical applications in the catalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The catalytic performance of this hierarchical Mn3O4 superstructure, which was prepared by three different types of structure-directing agents, including cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), and poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (P123), was evaluated for the catalytic degradation of organic pollutants, e.g. methylene blue. Interestingly, the hierarchical Mn3O4 superstructure prepared using CTAB as a template showed efficient catalytic degradation. The formation processes and possible growth mechanism of this novel 3D Mn3O4 hierarchical superstructure assembled by 2D Mn3O4 nanosheets are discussed in detail.

Retardation signal for fluorescent determination of total protein content via rapid and sensitive chip moving reaction boundary electrophoretic titration.

A novel concept and theory of moving reaction boundary (MRB) retardation signal (RMRB) was advanced for determination of total protein content via MRB electrophoretic titration (MRBET). The theoretical results revealed that the retardation extent of boundary displacment, viz., the RMRB value, was as a function of protein content. Thus, the RMRB value of a sample could be used to determine its total protein content according to the relevant calibration curve. To demonstrate the concept and theoretical results, a novel microdevice was designed for the relevant experiments of MRBET. The microdevice has 30 identical work cells, each of which is composed of five ultrashort single microchannels (5 mm). In the microdevice, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to denote MRB motion and RMRB value for the first time, the polyacrylamide gel (PAG) containing protein sample was photopolymerized in microchannels, and the MRB was created with acid or alkali and target protein sample. As compared to the classic Kjeldahl method and conventional MRBET performed in glass tube, the developed titration chip has the following merits: good sensitivity (0.3-0.4 µg/mL vs 150-200 µg/mL of protein concentration, 0.6-0.8 ng vs 30-2000 µg of absolute protein content), rapid analysis (20-60 s vs 15-200 min), and portable low-power (15 V vs 200 V).

A stable and high-resolution isoelectric focusing capillary array device for micropreparative separation of proteins.

A simple capillary array IEF device was developed for high resolution and micropreparative separation of trace amounts of proteins. Based on quasi-chip-scale manufacturing, the specific capillaries (600 µm i.d., 1200 µm o.d. and 20 mm length) were integrated with the miniaturized polymethyl-methacrylate electrode trays. Electroosmotic flow was suppressed effectively by modified cross-linked polyacrylamide coating, and instability of IEF was addressed using the designed concentration of electrolytes via moving reaction boundary theory. As a prototyping, the resolution, reproducibility, throughput, speed and linearity of pH gradient were systemically evaluated with model proteins. The results revealed the following advantages: (i) the reproducibility of array was assessed as RSD values of 0.95% (intra-day) and 2.88% (inter-day); (ii) IEF could be completed in 20 min with up to 400 V/cm electric field; (iii) high resolution separation of model proteins achieved in 20mm length column; (iv) multi-units with 48 micro-columns can be easily integrated to obtain high throughput; and (v) good linearity of pH gradient (R=0.9989). More importantly, utility of the device was tested by using hemoglobins sample from human red blood cell. HbA0 and HbA1c with only ΔpI 0.03 have been successfully separated by the developed method.

Determination of free acidic and alkaline residues of protein via moving reaction boundary titration in microdevice electrophoresis.

As two important physico-chemical parameters, the acidic and alkaline residues of protein are of evident significance for the evaluation of protein properties and the design of relevant separation and analysis. However, there is still no electrophoretic method used for the direct detection of free acidic and alkaline residues of protein. Herein, we developed the concepts of moving reaction boundary (MRB) and MRB titration, relevant MRB titration theory, and the method of microdevice electrophoresis for the determination of free acidic and alkaline residues of protein. In the MRB titration, the boundary was created with acid or alkali and target protein immobilized via highly cross-linked polyacrylamide gel (PAG). It was theoretically revealed that the number of free acidic or alkaline residues of protein was as a function of MRB displacement in the electrophoretic titration system. As a proof of concept, seven model proteins were chosen for the determination of acidic or alkaline residues of protein via MRB titration. The results showed that the numbers of free acidic and alkaline residues of proteins detected were in good agreement with those obtained from the relevant amino sequences in the NCBI database, demonstrating the feasibility of the developed concept, theory and technique. The general methodology of MRB titration has potential application for inexpensive, facilitative and informative protein structure analysis of free acidic or alkaline residues of protein.

Simple boric acid-based fluorescent focusing for sensing of glucose and glycoprotein via multipath moving supramolecular boundary electrophoresis chip.

Boric acid-based fluorescent complex probe of BBV-HPTS (boronic acid-based benzyl viologen (BBV) and hydroxypyrene trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS)) was rarely used for sensitive sensing of saccharide (especially glycoprotein) via electrophoresis. We proposed a novel model of moving supramolecular boundary (MSB) formed with monosaccharide or glycoprotein in microcolumn and the complex probe of BBV-HPTS in the cathodic injection tube, developed a method of MSB fluorescent focusing for sensitive recognition of monosaccharide and glycoprotein, and designed a special multipath capillary electrophoresis (CE) chip for relative experiments. As a proof of concept, glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were respectively used as the mode saccharide and glycoprotein for the relevant demonstration. The experiments revealed that (i) the complex of BBV-HPTS could interact with free glucose or bound one in glycoprotein; (ii) the fluorescent signal was a function of glucose or glycoprotein content approximately; and (iii) interestingly the fluorescent band motion was dependent on glucose content. The developed method had the following merits: (i) low cost; (ii) low limit of detection (down to 1.39 pg/mL for glucose and 2.0 pg per capillary HbA1c); and (iii) high throughput (up to 12 runs or more per patch) and speed (less than 5 min). The developed method has potential use for sensitive monitoring of monosaccharide and glycoprotein in biomedical samples.

A simple chip free-flow electrophoresis for monosaccharide sensing via supermolecule interaction of boronic acid functionalized quencher and fluorescent dye.

Here, a simple micro free-flow electrophoresis (µFFE) was developed for fluorescence sensing of monosaccharide via supermolecule interaction of synthesized boronic acid functionalized benzyl viologen (ο-BBV) and fluorescent dye. The µFFE contained two open electrode cavities and an ion-exchange membrane was sandwiched between two polymethylmethacrylate plates. The experiments demonstrated the following merits of developed µFFE: (i) up to 90.5% of voltage efficiency due to high conductivity of ion-exchange membrane; (ii) a strong ability against influence of bubble produced in two electrodes due to open design of electrode cavities; and (iii) reusable and washable separation chamber (45 mm × 17 mm × 100 µm, 77 µL) avoiding the discard of µFFE due to blockage of solute precipitation in chamber. Remarkably, the µFFE was first designed for the sensing of monosaccharide via the supermolecule interaction of synthesized ο-BBV, fluorescent dye, and monosaccharide. Under the optimized conditions, the minimum concentration of monosaccharide that could be detected was 1 × 10(-11) M. Finally, the developed device was used for the detection of 0.3 mM glucose spiked in human urine. All of the results demonstrated the feasibility of monosaccharide detection via the µFFE.

Simply enhancing throughput of free-flow electrophoresis via organic-aqueous environment for purification of weak polarity solute of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in fermentation of Pseudomonas sp. M18.

Herein, a simple novel free-flow electrophoresis (FFE) method was developed via introduction of organic solvent into the electrolyte system, increasing the solute solubility and throughput of the sample. As a proof of concept, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) from Pseudomonas sp. M18 was selected as a model solute for the demonstration on feasibility of novel FFE method on account of its faint solubility in aqueous circumstance. In the developed method, the organic solvent was added into not only the sample buffer to improve the solubility of the solute, but also the background buffer to construct a uniform aqueous-organic circumstance. These factors of organic solvent percentage and types as well as pH value of background buffer were investigated for the purification of PCA in the FFE device via CE. The experiments revealed that the percentage and the types of organic solvent exerted major influence on the purification of PCA. Under the optimized conditions (30 mM phosphate buffer in 60:40 (v/v) water-methanol at an apparent pH 7.0, 3.26 mL/min background flux, 10-min residence time of injected sample, and 400 V), PCA could be continuously purified from its impurities. The flux of sample injection was 10.05 µL/min, and the recovery was up to 93.7%. An 11.9-fold improvement of throughput was found with a carrier buffer containing 40% (v/v) methanol, compared with the pure aqueous phase. The developed procedure is of evident significance for the purification of weak polarity solute via FFE.

A simple monolithic column electroelution for protein recovery from gel electrophoresis.

Protein recovery from gel electrophoresis plays an important role in functional genomics and proteomics but faces a series of issues (e.g., complex procedure, low recovery, long experimental time). In this study, a monolithic column electroelution (MCE) was developed for protein recovery from gel electrophoresis. With the model proteins of bovine serum albumin (BSA), hemoglobin (Hb), and myoglobin (Mb), the developed device and method were compared with common electroelution procedures in agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). The comparative experiments revealed that (i) the protein recovery achieved with the developed device was greater than 83%, much higher than the 41% to 50% achieved with the common devices; (ii) the running time to obtain 70% recovery was approximately 15 min, evidently shorter than the 240 min with the common devices; and (iii) the device and procedure were simple and less time-consuming as compared with those of the common devices. It was observed that the serum protein bands cut from polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis could be transferred into solution in 15 to 30 min with 82% yield. The device, along with its relevant procedure, has potential use in protein extraction and proteomics as well as in DNA studies.

[The clinical significance of Claudin-7 and slug expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of Claudin-7, Slug and their correltion with clinicopathological characteristics in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. We also investigated the relationship between the two factors. METHODS: The expressions of Claudin-7 and Slug in proteins were detected in 101 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma samples by immunohistochemistry SP method, and Western blot was applied to detect the expressions of Claudin-7 and Slug in 30 specimens of fresh lung cancer and corresponding paracancerous tissues. RESULTS: The expression of Claudin-7 was remarkably decreased in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma tissues compared with normal lung tissue, and its expression level was closely correlated with differentiation grade and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05), whereas the expression of Slug was significantly higher in cancer tissues than that in normal lung tissue. Outside differentiation grade and lymphatic metastasis, the expression of Slug was related to TNM stage (P<0.05). The expression of Claudin-7 was negatively correlated with the expression of Slug in lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (r=-0.566,8). CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of Claudin-7 and overexpression of Slug might be one of pertinent biological markers for malignant transformation and metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

Hepatosplenic alpha beta T-cell lymphoma: a report of an S100-positive case.

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma is an uncommon neoplasm characterized by a lymphoid infiltrate within the sinusoids of the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, without significant nodal involvement. The majority of cases express the gammadelta T-cell receptor and are associated with an isochromosome 7q cytogenetic abnormality. Recently, a small number of cases have been reported that express the alphabeta T-cell receptor. Here, we report our findings of a case of an S100-positive hepatosplenic alphabeta T-cell lymphoma in a 20-year-old woman who presented with pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. The case adds to the growing literature of hepatosplenic alphabeta T-cell lymphomas.