The bHLH Transcription Factor OsbHLH057 Regulates Iron Homeostasis in Rice.

Many basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factors precisely regulate the expression of Fe uptake and translocation genes to control iron (Fe) homeostasis, as both Fe deficiency and toxicity impair plant growth and development. In rice, three clade IVc bHLH transcription factors have been characterised as positively regulating Fe-deficiency response genes. However, the function of OsbHLH057, another clade IVc bHLH transcription factor, in regulating Fe homeostasis is unknown. Here, we report that OsbHLH057 is involved in regulating Fe homeostasis in rice. OsbHLH057 was highly expressed in the leaf blades and lowly expressed in the roots; it was mainly expressed in the stele and highly expressed in the lateral roots. In addition, OsbHLH057 was slightly induced by Fe deficiency in the shoots on the first day but was not affected by Fe availability in the roots. OsbHLH057 localised in the nucleus exhibited transcriptional activation activity. Under Fe-sufficient conditions, OsbHLH057 knockout or overexpression lines increased or decreased the shoot Fe concentration and the expression of several Fe homeostasis-related genes, respectively. Under Fe-deficient conditions, plants with an OsbHLH057 mutation showed susceptibility to Fe deficiency and accumulated lower Fe concentrations in the shoot compared with the wild type. Unexpectedly, the OsbHLH057-overexpressing lines had reduced tolerance to Fe deficiency. These results indicate that OsbHLH057 plays a positive role in regulating Fe homeostasis, at least under Fe-sufficient conditions.

Diabetes Is a Risk Factor for the Prognosis of Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the impact of diabetes on the prognosis of bladder cancer patients after radical cystectomy (RC). Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were selected from inception to October 2021. The studies on the effects of diabetes on bladder cancer patients after RC were included for analysis. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were independently selected for literature screening, the quality of the included studies was evaluated, and data were extracted. Results: A total of 5 cohort studies were included, with a total of 2 661 subjects, including 391 cases in the diabetic group, non-diabetes. Meta-analysis results show that diabetes increases the overall risk of death in patients after RC (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.30 ∼ 1.43, P < 0.001) and the risk of tumor-specific death (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.29 ∼ 1.95, P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis shows that the stability of this study is well. Conclusion: Diabetes was an independent risk factor in terms of overall and cancer-specific survival in patients who underwent RC.

Integrative molecular characterization of Chinese prostate cancer specimens / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits epidemiological and molecular heterogeneity. Despite extensive studies of its phenotypic and genetic properties in Western populations, its molecular basis is not clear in Chinese patients. To determine critical molecular characteristics and explore correlations between genomic markers and clinical parameters in Chinese populations, we applied an integrative genetic/transcriptomic assay that combines targeted next-generation sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) on samples from 46 Chinese patients with PCa. Lysine (K)-specific methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D), zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFHX3), A-kinase anchoring protein 9 (AKAP9), and GLI family zinc finger 1 (GLI1) were frequently mutated in our cohort. Moreover, a clinicopathological analysis showed that RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) deletion was common in patients with a high risk of disease progression. Remarkably, four genomic events, MYC proto-oncogene (MYC) amplification, RB1 deletion, APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway (APC) mutation or deletion, and cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) mutation, were correlated with poor disease-free survival. In addition, a close link between KMT2D expression and the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway was observed both in our cohort and in The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-PRAD) data. In summary, our results demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of integrative molecular characterization of PCa samples in disease pathology research and personalized medicine.

Integrative molecular characterization of Chinese prostate cancer specimens / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits epidemiological and molecular heterogeneity. Despite extensive studies of its phenotypic and genetic properties in Western populations, its molecular basis is not clear in Chinese patients. To determine critical molecular characteristics and explore correlations between genomic markers and clinical parameters in Chinese populations, we applied an integrative genetic/transcriptomic assay that combines targeted next-generation sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) on samples from 46 Chinese patients with PCa. Lysine (K)-specific methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D), zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFHX3), A-kinase anchoring protein 9 (AKAP9), and GLI family zinc finger 1 (GLI1) were frequently mutated in our cohort. Moreover, a clinicopathological analysis showed that RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) deletion was common in patients with a high risk of disease progression. Remarkably, four genomic events, MYC proto-oncogene (MYC) amplification, RB1 deletion, APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway (APC) mutation or deletion, and cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) mutation, were correlated with poor disease-free survival. In addition, a close link between KMT2D expression and the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway was observed both in our cohort and in The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-PRAD) data. In summary, our results demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of integrative molecular characterization of PCa samples in disease pathology research and personalized medicine.

Finite element analysis applied in the biomechanical study of hallux valgus:reliability and room for improvement / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Hallux valgus is a common orthopedic disease, and its causes are complex and treatment is varied. The mechanical analysis of hallux valgus is an issue of concern. The finite element analysis makes it predictable to treat hallux valgus. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical application of finite element analysis in biomechanical study of hallux valgus.METHODS: The first author searched CNKI and PubMed databases from January 1980 to March 2017 using the key words of "finite element, hallux valgus" in English and Chinese, respectively. The repetitive, irrelevant and low-quality articles were excluded. Finally 33 eligible articles were included in accordance with the inclusion criteria, and the critical issues of finite element analysis applied in hallux valgus were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There are many researches concerning finite element of hallux valgus, which mostly require physicians to work with engineers. These methods are already very mature, but most of the model and material properties of the data come from foreign researches. (2) The finite element analysis is important and reliable for the etiology of hallux valgus, preoperative planning and prognosis. (3) The finite element model of the hallux valgus is only used on static analysis and gait cycle analysis, the modeling details and definition of material properties still need to be improved.

Three-dimensional spatial measurement versus conventional CT planning in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal tumors / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the advantages of spatial measurement of anatomical parameters in a 3D model in surgical planning for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February, 2016 to October, 2017, 37 patients diagnosed with T1 renal mass underwent LPN based on 3D reconstruction after enhanced CT scanning using the Uromedix-3D system (group A), and another 38 patients received LPN with conventional CT planning (group B). The anatomical parameters were measured in the reconstructed 3D model and the demographic data, surgical outcome and postoperative data were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group A, the average time for 3D model reconstruction was (29.3∓9.7) min; the length, width and depth of the renal defect in 3D model were 3.2∓1.1 cm, 2.6∓0.9 cm and 1.7∓0.7 cm, respectively; The distance of the tumor from the collecting system was 3.8∓2.2 mm; The mean R.E.N.A.L score of the patients was 7∓1.5, and 3 patients had accessory renal artery and 2 had early branching of the renal artery. LPNs were completed via the retroperitoneal approach in all the 75 patients without conversion to open or total nephrectomy. Group A and group B showed significant differences in warm ischemic time (26.7∓6.4 vs 31.9∓7.0 min), tumor-excision time (8.4∓2.6 vs 10.4∓2.8 min), renal defect suture time (18.3∓3.9 vs 21.5∓3.4 min), 24-h volume of retroperitoneal drainage (88.6∓40.2 vs 134.3∓58.3 mL) and 48-h volume of retroperitoneal drainage (127.9∓54.5 vs 198.1∓86.3 mL), but not in the demographic data, operation time, intraoperative blood loss or postoperative hospital stay.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>3D reconstruction of the renal masses can be completed efficiently and accurately using this system. Compared with conventional CT-based measurement, 3D spatial measurement of the anatomical structures helps to increase the precision in the performance of LPN and reduce the warm ischemia time.</p>

Effects of two different tranexamic acid administration methods on perioperative blood loss in total hip arthroplasty: study protocol for a prospective, open-label,randomized, controlled clinical trial / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Reducing perioperative blood loss in total hip arthroplasty is a hot topic for joint surgeons. Both intravenous infusion and intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid significantly reduce perioperative blood loss, blood transfusion volume, and need for blood transfusion in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. However, differences between the intravenous and intra-articular methods are not clear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of these two tranexamic acid administration methods on perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.METHODS: We are conducting a prospective, single-center, open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial at the Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, China. Ninety patients undergoing unilateral total hip arthroplasty have been randomized into three groups. In the intravenous infusion group (n=30), 15 mg/kg tranexamic acid diluted in 100 mL physiological saline was infused intravenously at the beginning of surgery and 20 mL of physiological saline was injected intra-articularly after deep fascia suturing. In the intra-articular injection group (n=30), 100 mL of physiological saline was infused intravenously at the beginning of surgery and a mixture of 1.5 g tranexamic acid and 20 mL physiological saline was injected intra-articularly after deep fascia suturing. In the control group (n=30), 100 mL of physiological saline was infused intravenously at the beginning of surgery and 20 mL of physiological saline was injected intra-articularly after deep fascia suturing. The primary outcome is hidden blood loss at 1 and 3 days postoperatively. The secondary outcomes are visible blood loss, need for blood transfusion, and mean blood transfusion volume intraoperatively and on days 1 and 3 postoperatively. Other outcomes are the incidence of adverse reactions and complications within 3 months of surgery. The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of China, approval number 2015-026. All protocols will be performed in accordance with the Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was provided by each patient and their family members after they indicated that they fully understood the treatment plan.DISCUSSION: This trial was designed in April 2015. Cases were collected in July 2015. Data analysis will be finished in December 2017. This study is designed to investigate the effects of intravenous infusion versus intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid on perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty to determine the more effective mode of administration.

Efficacy of salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment of moderate and severe bronchial asthma / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment of moderate and severe bronchial asthma. Methods 112 patients with moderate and severe bronchial asthma in Taizhou hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected and divided into the control and the study group according to the time of visiting hospital, 56 cases in each group. The control group were given salmeterol fluticasone propionate for treatment, the study group were treated with salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast .Keep a record of the asthma control test (ACT), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) percentage expected index changes of pre-treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. Results ACT score and FEV1 percentage expected index changes of two groups there was no significant difference before the treatment. After treatment, ACT score and FEV1 percentage expected index changes of the study group was better than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients.

Efficacy of salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment of moderate and severe bronchial asthma / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment of moderate and severe bronchial asthma. Methods 112 patients with moderate and severe bronchial asthma in Taizhou hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected and divided into the control and the study group according to the time of visiting hospital, 56 cases in each group. The control group were given salmeterol fluticasone propionate for treatment, the study group were treated with salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast .Keep a record of the asthma control test (ACT), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) percentage expected index changes of pre-treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. Results ACT score and FEV1 percentage expected index changes of two groups there was no significant difference before the treatment. After treatment, ACT score and FEV1 percentage expected index changes of the study group was better than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Salmeterol fluticasone propionate combined with montelukast in the treatment can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients.

Clinical analysis in prone and supine position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (report of 356 cases) / 实用医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different puncture positions in percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods Three hundred fifty-six patients who underwent PCNL were analyzed from March 2012 to October 2015. The passage caliber was 16F-20F. There were 217 cases in prone position and 139 cases in supine position. Results The successful operation in PCNL was 354 cases , while the remaining 2 cases were performed by open surgery. The primary stone clearance rate was 75.5%. The additional PCNLs were performed in 23 cases, and 63 cases of residual calculi were treated by ESWL. 11 patients were treated due to infection or bleeding by the additional PCNLs. There were 3 cases with massive hemorrhage which were treated by Interventional embolization therapy , 12 cases in postoperative fever , no renal resection , no intestinal injury, no deaths. There was no significant difference in stone clearance rate and complication rate between the two groups. Conclusion The puncture position of PCNL can be optional based on the stone size , stone location, degree of hydronephrosis ,and patient′s cardiopulmonary condition individually.

Small RNA interference-mediated ADP-ribosylation factor 6 silencing inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of silencing ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cell line PC-3 and the possible molecular mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three Arf6-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected into cultured prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Arf6 expression was examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. MTT assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell migration and invasion assay were used to observe the effect of Arf6 silencing on the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of PC-3 cells. The levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), ERK1/2, p-AKT, AKT and Rac1 were detected by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transfection of siRNA-3 resulted in significantly decreased Arf6 mRNA and protein expression with inhibition rates of (91.88±3.13)% and (86.37±0.57)%, respectively. Arf6 silencing by siRNA-3 markedly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC-3 cells and reduced the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 and Rac1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Silencing of Arf6 efficiently inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC-3 cells in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms may involve the down-regulation of p-ERK1/2 and Rac1.</p>

Correlation of homocysteine with diabetic microangiopathy and the change after drug intervention / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the correlation of homocysteine with diabetic microangiopathy and the change after drug intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected between January and December 2013. The patients were divide into group of no microvascular disease and group of microvascular lesion according to the complications. Blood lipid, blood glucose, renal function and serum homocysteine were deteced pre-treatment and after 6 months treatment.A total of 100 cases of healthy subjects with physical examination over the same period were selected as control group according to the principle of age and gender matching.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SBP, DBP, TG, TC, LDL, FBG, 2 hPBG, HbA1, SUN, SCr and HCY in group of no microvascular disease and group of microvascular lesion were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01), while HDL were significantly lower(P<0.01); SBPDBP,SUN,SCr and HCY in group of microvascular lesion were significantly higher than that in group of no microvascular disease(P<0.01); Multi factor Logistic regression analysis showed blood pressure, urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and homocysteine levels are risk factors for microvascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus; HCY after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment in group of no microvascular disease and group of microvascular lesion than(P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High homocysteine levels are risk factor of diabetic microvascular disease, and the homocysteine levels can be reduced after treatment.</p>

Effects of intravenous versus topical application of tranexamic acid on blood loss following total knee arthroplasty / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Increasing reports have focused on the application of tranexamic acid to reduce bleeding during total knee arthroplasty, but its usage method remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To explore the impact of topical articular application of tranexamic acid and intravenous application of tranexamic acid on blood loss during primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:According to randomized control ed principle, 90 patients who received unilateral total knee arthroplasty in the Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital from October 2013 to December 2014 were enrol ed in this study, and randomly assigned to intravenous injection group and topical injection group (n=45). Patients in the intravenous injection group were given tranexamic acid by intravenous injection (10 mg/kg, maximum 1.2 g) during the induction of anaesthesia. Patients in the topical injection group were given intraarticularly tranexamic acid (2 g dissolved in 50 mL physiological saline) before articular capsule suture and after prosthesis fixation. Drainage amount after replacement, hemoglobin and hematocrit on the next day after replacement, and the number of blood transfusion population were compared between the two groups. Simultaneously, clinical symptoms of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis in the lower limb were observed. If necessary, lower extremity vascular Doppler ultrasound was conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant differences in drainage amount after replacement, hemoglobin and hematocrit on the next day after replacement, the number of blood transfusion population, and the proportion of blood transfusion were detected between the two groups (P>0.05). No deep vein thrombosis was found in the lower limbs at 14 days after replacement in both groups. These findings confirm that compared with intravenous systemic application, periarticular topical application of tranexamic acid during total knee replacement could obtain identical effects on reducing blood loss and blood transfusion after surgery, and could avoid relevant complications of intravenous application of tranexamic acid.

Melatonin prevents human pancreatic carcinoma cell PANC-1-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation and migration by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor expression.

Melatonin is an important natural oncostatic agent, and our previous studies have found its inhibitory action on tumor angiogenesis, but the mechanism remains unclear. It is well known that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays key roles in tumor angiogenesis and has become an important target for antitumor therapy. Pancreatic cancer is a representative of the most highly vascularized and angiogenic solid tumors, which responds poorly to chemotherapy and radiation. Thus, seeking new treatment strategies targeting which have anti-angiogenic capability is urgent in clinical practice. In this study, a co-culture system between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and pancreatic carcinoma cells (PANC-1) was used to investigate the direct effect of melatonin on the tumor angiogenesis and its possible action on VEGF expression. We found HUVECs exhibited an increased cell proliferation and cell migration when co-cultured with PANC-1 cells, but the process was prevented when melatonin added to the incubation medium. Melatonin at concentrations of 1 µm and 1 mm inhibited the cell proliferation and migration of HUVECs and also decreased both the VEGF protein secreted to the cultured medium and the protein produced by the PANC-1 cells. In addition, the VEGF mRNA expression was also down-regulated by melatonin. Taken together, our present study shows that melatonin at pharmacological concentrations inhibited the elevated cell proliferation and cell migration of HUVECs stimulated by co-culturing them with PANC-1 cells; this was associated with a suppression of VEGF expression in PANC-1 cells.

Effect of Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid on the proliferation of HepG2 cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid-infected host liver cells had differential expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) or differential cell cycle activity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human liver cells cultured with different concentrations of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) were tested by the MTT method to determine effects on proliferation. The cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect changes in protein expressions of p-ERK, PCNA, cyclin-A, cyclin-B1, cyclin-D1, and cyclin-E.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-eight, 72 and 96 h of HCF at 15%, 30% and 60% concentrations in the cell media significantly promoted cell proliferation (F=67.845, P less than 0.01) and compared to controls (P less than 0.05). Cells exposed to 15% HCF for 48 h showed significantly induced expression of p-ERK (F=1.916, P less than 0.01), higher than controls (P less than 0.01). Cells exposed to 15% HCF for 24 h showed significantly induced expression of cyclin-Dl (F=3.901, P less than 0.01), higher than controls (P less than 0.01). Cells exposed to 15% HCF for 48 h or 30% HCF for 72 h showed significantly induced expression of PCNA (F=91.140, P less than 0.01), higher than controls (P less than 0.01). Cells exposed to 15% HCF for 48 h or 30% HCF for 72 h shed significantly induced expression of cyclin-A (F=18.587, P=0.002), higher than controls (P less than 0.01). Cells exposed to 15% HCF for either 48 h or 72 h showed significantly induced expression of cyclin-B1 (F=2.064, P less than 0.01), higher than controls (P less than 0.01). Cells exposed to 30% HCF for 96 h showed significantly induced expression of cyclin-E (F=1.068, P less than 0.01), higher than controls (P less than 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hydatid cyst fluid exerts no inhibitory effect on primary cultured host liver cells, but may promote cellular proliferation.</p>

Effects of short-term forest bathing on human health in a broad-leaved evergreen forest in Zhejiang Province, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of short-term forest bathing on human health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty healthy male university students participated as subjects and were randomly divided into two groups of 10. One group was sent on a two-night trip to a broad-leaved evergreen forest, and the other was sent to a city area. Serum cytokine levels reflecting inflammatory and stress response, indicators reflecting oxidative stress, the distribution of leukocyte subsets, and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations were measured before and after the experiment to evaluate the positive health effects of forest environments. A profile of mood states (POMS) evaluation was used to assess changes in mood states.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences in the baseline values of the indicators were observed between the two groups before the experiment. Subjects exposed to the forest environment showed reduced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory level, as evidenced by decreased malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor a levels compared with the urban group. Serum cortisol levels were also lower than in the urban group. Notably, the concentration of plasma ET-1 was much lower in subjects exposed to the forest environment. The POMS evaluation showed that after exposure to the forest environment, subjects had lower scores in the negative subscales, and the score for vigor was increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Forest bathing is beneficial to human health, perhaps through preventive effects related to several pathological factors.</p>

Role of carcinoembryonic antigen and cyclooxygenase-2 in the study of molecule incisal edge for colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and CEA in the tissues adjacent to the tumor within different distances.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 42 colorectal cancer tissues were collected.The adjacent tissues within 3 cm to the tumor were procured every 1 cm. Normal tissue was also collected. RNA was extracted and the expression of CEA and COX-2 was detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CEA mRNA levels of the tumor, the tissues of every 1 cm adjacent to the tumor, and the normal tissue were 135.2 ± 23.3, 78.2 ± 17.3, 75.9 ± 16.5, 56.2 ± 10.7, 52.3 ± 12.8, 18.2 ± 7.9, 16.2 ± 6.5, and 16.6 ± 7.0. The levels of COX-2 mRNA in above positions were 134.9 ± 31.1, 79.2 ± 20.2, 77.0 ± 20.5, 62.7 ± 21.9, 58.0 ± 18.1, 21.2 ± 10.3, 18.3 ± 7.6, and 17.1 ± 6.3. These data showed a decreasing trend of CEA and COX-2 as the distance increased from the tumor. The CEA mRNA levels showed positive correlation with the levels of COX-2 mRNA(r=0.725, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CEA and COX-2 may be considered to be used as biomarkers for the study of molecular resection margin of colorectal cancer.</p>

An analysis of randomized controlled trials published in the Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery between 2003-2009 / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the academic level of randomized controlled trials (RCT) published in the Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery between 2003 and 2009.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Published RCTs in the 42 issues of the Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery was searched for relevant articles published between 2003 and 2009. Data extracted for analysis included the time at manuscript received, publication time, total number of citations, number of citations in Chinese, number of citations in English, author's affiliations, single- or multi- center study, positive conclusions from RCTs, number of patients recruited in RCTs, research funding source, the start time, the finish time and the number of authors in RCTs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the past seven years, a total of 80 clinical RCTs were published in the Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, accounting for 12% of all the clinical studies published in the journal, and the average number of RCTs in each issue was 1.6. The average delay time before publication was 208 days. The total number of citations and the total number of patients in RCTs were 685 and 9402. The average number of citations, the average number of patients recruited in each RCT, and the average research period in RCTs were 8.6, 118 and 29.2. There were 7 multi-center studies, and the number of single-center study was 73. All the RCT studies had significant conclusions, and 17 (21.3%) RCT studies were funded. Nanjing general hospital of Nanjing military command had the largest number of RCTs (n=6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery puts emphasis on clinical studies of high evidence level such as RCT, which provide evidence for making the clinical guidelines in the specialty of gastrointestinal surgery.</p>

Effect of Oxidative Stress on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats / 天津医药

Objective: To observe the effect of oxidative stress on intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, group B and group C served as TBI models, group A was designated as the normal controlgroup(shame operation). In group C rats were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) prior to TBI, while rats in group A and B were treated with equivalent normal saline. During the experiment period, the morphological changes of intestinal mucosa were observed, and the intestinal mucosal permeability was detected by measuring the level of endotoxin, diamine oxidase(DAO). Superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondiadehycle (MDA), myeloperoxidase(MPO) and xanthine oxidase(XOD) activities were also detected. Results: During the observed period, the intestinal mucosal barrier function was damaged and the intestinal mucosal permeability increased. The content of endotoxin in serum significantly increased(P < 0.05). As early as 3 h after TBI, the DAO activity in the serum began to increase obviously. At 24 hafter TBI it increased to the highest level(P < 0.05).In group TBI the activity of SOD in intestinal mucosal decreased significantly(P < 0.01); however the levels of MDA and the activity of MPO increased significantly (P < 0.01), the activity of XOD increased significantly as well, and then decreased after 6 h. When pr-treatment with DMSO, intestinal mucosal damage was improved, the content of endotoxin in serum was reduced (P < 0.05), and the increased DAO activity in the serum were inhibited (P < 0.05). When compared with group TBI, there was an inhibition in the decreased activity of SOD and the increased level of MDA in group DMSO (P < 0.05), but they were still higher than that of control group(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the activity of XOD and MPO between group DMSO and group TBI. Conclusion: The structure and function of intestinal mucosal barrier were damaged following TBI. Oxidative stress played an important role in the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction following TBI. Both XOD and activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMN) were the major source of oxygen free radicals.

Design and application of medical knowledge model on SAGE / 中国医疗器械杂志

As an methodology for promoting the quality and efficiency of health care, clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have gained much improvement. The knowledge base (KB) plays an important role in DSS. For CDSSs, the construction of KB means modeling the medical knowledge based on a suitable model. This study analyzes the SAGE model, then implements it on knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of Metabolic Syndrome (MS), and improves the SAGE to enhance its expression ability. The model is constructed as the KB in CDSS, and be applied in hospital. The evaluation result of CDSS reveals that the SAGE model should be useful in clinical application. Finally, this study propounds some points yet to be improved in the SAGE.