Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Modified Material Constitutive Model for Hot Forged Ti2AlNb over Wide Ranges of Temperature and Strain Rate.

In this paper, the stress-strain curves of Ti2AlNb are established based on uniaxial impact tests over wide ranges of temperature and strain rate. The Ti2AlNb exhibited the work hardening effect but did not show an obvious yield stage during a quasi-static compression test. In the SHPB test, an obvious temperature softening effect was found, the strain rate strengthening effect was detected when the strain rate was 4000-8000 s-1, and the strain rate softening effect was detected in the range of 8000-12,000 s-1. A function describing the effect of strain rate on the strain rate strengthening parameters under various temperatures was proposed to modify the basic J-C constitutive model. The relative errors between the experimental measured value and predicted values in various experimental conditions with a modified J-C model were less than 5.0%. The results verified that the modified J-C model could accurately describe the dynamic mechanical properties of Ti2AlNb at high temperatures and strain rates. The research could help to illustrate the cutting mechanism and finite element simulation of Ti2AlNb alloy.

Probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus Li05 Improves Cholestasis through the FXR-SHP and FXR-FGF15 Pathways.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a rare chronic cholestatic liver disease, is characterized by intrahepatic or extrahepatic strictures accompanied by biliary fibrosis. So far, there are no effective therapies to slow down the progression of this disease. Farnesoid X receptors (FXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the control of bile acid (BA) synthesis and enterohepatic circulation. Therefore, targeting FXRs holds promise as a potential approach for treating PSC. Pediococcus pentosaceus Li05 is a probiotic that was isolated from healthy volunteers and has previously been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect in DSS-induced colitis. In this study, we established a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-Dihydrocollidine (DDC)-induced cholestasis mouse model and investigated the effects of Pediococcus pentosaceus Li05 on PSC. Our findings revealed that administration of Li05 significantly attenuated liver damage, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis, as well as bile duct hyperplasia. Li05 activated the hepatic FXR-SHP and ileal FXR-FGF15 signaling pathways to decrease the expression of Cyp7a1. In addition, the Li05-modulated gut microbiota structure especially improved the abundance of 7α-dehydroxylation bacteria like Eubacterium. The intervention of Li05 also improved the intestinal barrier and reduced bacterial endotoxin translocation. Based on these findings, Li05 shows promise for future application as a therapeutic strategy for cholestasis.

Mechanisms affecting the biopharmacological properties of saffron active ingredients based on anti-inflammatory activity.

To explore the mechanisms affecting the biopharmacological properties of the active components of saffron. Ultrasonic extraction technique was applied to extract the active components from safflower materials and combined with molecular docking technique to screen four safflower anti-inflammatory active components, naiophenol-3-0-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin and lignan. In order to understand the mechanism of the influence of its biopharmaceutical properties, the changes of the solubility and permeability parameters of the anti-inflammatory active components of safflower were obtained by using the classical shaking bottle method and the body enteric irrigation method. The compound environment had a great influence on the solubility of single active ingredient. The calculated results of the dose number of all ingredients were greater than 1, and the solubility properties were all high solubility. The absorption parameters and osmotic coefficients of kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and lignan varied insignificantly under different concentration conditions, while each osmotic coefficient of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin showed a positive proportional decreasing trend. In addition, the osmotic coefficients of the three components except kaempferol-3-O-glucoside did not change with environmental changes, and the overall anti-inflammatory active ingredient absorption mechanisms included both passive diffusion and active transport. The two biopharmaceutical properties of the solubility and permeability of the active ingredients of Safflower can be changed under the influence of the application environment and drug concentration. In the pharmaceutical process, the preparation means can be optimized from this aspect to achieve the purpose of improving the clinical efficacy of Safflower anti-inflammatory drugs.

Establishment and psychometric characteristics of emotional words list for suicidal risk assessment in speech emotion recognition.

Background: Emotional disturbance is an important risk factor of suicidal behaviors. To ensure speech emotion recognition (SER), a novel technique to evaluate emotional characteristics of speech, precision in labeling emotional words is a prerequisite. Currently, a list of suicide-related emotional word is absent. The aims of this study were to establish an Emotional Words List for Suicidal Risk Assessment (EWLSRA) and test the reliability and validity of the list in a suicide-related SER task. Methods: Suicide-related emotion words were nominated and discussed by 10 suicide prevention professionals. Sixty-five tape-recordings of calls to a large psychological support hotline in China were selected to test psychometric characteristics of the EWLSRA. Results: The results shows that the EWLSRA consists of 11 emotion words which were highly associated with suicide risk scores and suicide attempts. Results of exploratory factor analysis support one-factor model of this list. The Fleiss' Kappa value of 0.42 indicated good inter-rater reliability of the list. In terms of criteria validities, indices of despair (Spearman ρ = 0.54, P < 0.001), sadness (ρ = 0.37, P = 0.006), helplessness (ρ = 0.45, P = 0.001), and numbness (ρ = 0.35, P = 0.009) were significantly associated with suicidal risk scores. The index of the emotional word of numbness in callers with suicide attempt during the 12-month follow-up was significantly higher than that in callers without suicide attempt during the follow-up (P = 0.049). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the EWLSRA has adequate psychometric performance in identifying suicide-related emotional words of recording of hotline callers to a national wide suicide prevention line. This list can be useful for SER in future studies on suicide prevention.