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1.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 34(2): 45-51, 2019. ilus
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1265742

ABSTRACT

Introduction : Le stress oxydant est un déséquilibre entre les défenses antioxydantes endogènes etla production de molécules pro-oxydantes. L'objectif principal était d'étudier les différents marqueurs du stress oxydatif (oxydant et antioxydant) chez les sujets diabétiques et non diabétiques au niveau du service de médecine interne et d'endocrinologie de l'hôpital du Mali à Bamako. Matériels et méthodes : l'étude était transversale avec comparaison entre 30 sujets diabétiques et 30 sujets non diabétiques. Les marqueurs étudiés : Glutathion peroxydase érythrocytaire (GPX), la Superoxyde dismutase (SOD) intra érythrocytaire, l'acide urique plasmatique, Les bilirubines directes et totales, l'albumine ainsi que quelque marqueur de diagnostic et de suivi du diabète. Résultats. Trois pour cent de nos diabétiques avaient un taux de glutathion peroxydase élevé contre 9% des non diabétiques (p =0,005) ; augmentation de la Superoxyde dismutase des diabétiques 73,3% contre 40% des non diabétiques (p =0). Taux d'albumine, acide urique et la bilirubine identiques dans les deux populations ; hémoglobine glyquée était corrélée significativement aux complications dégénératives micro angiopathies (p=0,0058) et macro angiopathies (p=0,00017) chez les diabétiques. Conclusion : l'étude a montré une augmentation des défenses antioxydantes chez les trente diabétiques par l'élévation de la Superoxyde dismutase et normalisation relative du glutathion peroxydase


Subject(s)
Biomarkers , Diabetes Mellitus , Endocrinology , Internal Medicine , Mali , Oxidative Stress
2.
Med. Afr. noire (En ligne) ; 66(7): 363-369, 2019.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1266340

ABSTRACT

Introduction : La sécurité transfusionnelle constitue un défi majeur dans les pays en développement. La sélection médicale est un élément essentiel dans la stratégie visant à réduire la transmission d'agents infectieux Mali. Dans ce travail nous avons évalué l'outil utilisé pour le screening pré-don dans l'unité de banque de sang de l'hôpital du Mali. Matériel et Méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude prospective du 30 mars 2016 au 14 février 2017 incluant tous les candidats au don de sang. Après la sélection médicale, une qualification biologique a été réalisée au niveau du Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine notamment pour les 4 infections transmissibles obligatoires de l'OMS (VHB, VHC, VIH et Syphilis). Résultats : Au total, 726 candidats au don ont été inclus. La moyenne d'âge était de 30,72 ± 8,8 ans, compris entre 17 et 60 ans. Le sex-ratio H/F était : 8,48. Il s'agissait dans 83,5% des cas d'un don de compensation, 67% étaient à leur premier don. La sélection médicale a permis d'écarter 108 candidats pour des raisons diverses. Sur les 618 candidats retenus, 79 soit 12,8% des PSL n'étaient pas qualifiés pour la distribution pour VIH (0,3%), VHB (10,7%), VHC (1,8%), syphilis (0,3%) et co-infection VHB+VHC (0,3%). Conclusion : Cette étude nous a permis d'identifier quelques insuffisances de l'outil. Nous concluons que cet outil utilisé pour la sélection médicale doit être amélioré


Subject(s)
Blood Donors , Blood Safety , Developing Countries , Mali
3.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 105(3): 179-83, 2012 Aug.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22707256

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to describe the difficulties related to problems of supply and use of antivenom serum (SAV) in the district of Bamako. A retrospective study over a span of five years (January 1998-December 2002) and an interview with the staff of various facilities were conducted. The study included 2 wholesalers of pharmaceuticals, 20 private pharmacies, and 2 hospital pharmacies as they were involved in antivenom trades. A market-driving ability survey of driving practice was conducted in 37 community health centers (CHCs) and 4 dispensaries because they performed antivenom treatments during the study period. A total of 3,318 doses of antivenom were bought, including 84.4% by the People Pharmacy of Mali (PPM), a public organization, and 15.6% by Laborex, a private company. These were out of stock in 1999. Three kinds of SAV were ordered: the polyvalent IPSER Africa (1,200 vials or 36.2%), FAV Africa (318 vials or 9.6%), and Sii anti-snake venom polyvalent serum (1,800 vials or 54.2%). Orders from PPM involved IPSER Africa (Pasteur Mérieux Serum & Vaccines) and Sii anti-snake venom polyvalent serum (Serum Institute of India), and those from Laborex involved IPSER Africa and FAVAfrica (Aventis Pasteur). Onehalf of private pharmacies (54.3%) had made at least one order of SAV. The PPM lost 50% of 2,000 vials of SAV in 1996 due to the expiration of vials that were bought. Private pharmacies lost 3.6% of stocks due to expiration. Prices varied depending on the type of service and the point of sale. Costs of vials were 19,440-35,000 CFA francs (29.6-53.4 euros) for Sii antivenom and 50,200-63,000 CFA francs (76.5-96.1 euros) for FAV Africa antivenom. In CHCs, 59.5% of prescribers were unaware of the indications and methods of proper administration of the SAV, 32.3% ignored the existence of SAV, and 30.9% were skeptical about its effectiveness in treatment of envenomation by snakebite.


Subject(s)
Antivenins/therapeutic use , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Snake Bites/therapy , Africa, Western/epidemiology , Algorithms , Animals , Community Health Centers/organization & administration , Community Health Centers/statistics & numerical data , Community Health Centers/supply & distribution , Drug Industry/organization & administration , Drug Industry/statistics & numerical data , Equipment and Supplies, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Mali/epidemiology , Pharmacies/organization & administration , Pharmacies/supply & distribution , Public-Private Sector Partnerships/organization & administration , Public-Private Sector Partnerships/standards , Snake Bites/epidemiology , Snake Bites/mortality , Snake Venoms/immunology
4.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 105(3): 184-8, 2012 Aug.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22707257

ABSTRACT

A retrospective study has been performed on snakebites from January 1993 to December 2002 in the national hospitals Gabriel-Touré, in Bamako, and Kati. It aimed to establish a synthesis of epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects from snakebites. Eight hundred thirty-two snakebites were recorded during this period. Men were mostly represented: 72 versus 28% of women. The average age was 28 ± 18 years. Farmers were most affected (28%). Most bites occurred between 16 and 20 hours, during the fieldwork and pasture in 44% cases. Lower limbs (73.8%) were more involved than hands (25.8%). Although the type of snake has not been determined, the clinical picture was that of viper syndrome, the severity of which was assessed by the grade of bleeding, edema, renal involvement (15.8%), and neurological disorders (13.3%). Antivenom was administered to 40.6% of patients whose case fatality rate was 2.8%, whereas it was 8.1% in its absence. The case fatality rate associated with serum therapy varied according to the antivenin, 1.5% with the antivenoms manufactured in Europe and 4% with those manufactured in Asia. Five parturients had a favorable outcome with antivenom. The initial management was carried out by traditional healers in 49.7% of cases. The annual case fatality rate decreased gradually from 12% in 1995 to 3% in 2002. The incidence of snakebite is greatly underestimated in hospitals because of inadequate records.


Subject(s)
Hospitals, Public/statistics & numerical data , Snake Bites/diagnosis , Snake Bites/epidemiology , Snake Bites/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antivenins/therapeutic use , Child , Female , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Mali/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Registries , Retrospective Studies , Snake Bites/classification , Snake Venoms/immunology , Time Factors , Young Adult
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