ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In multiple sclerosis (MS), non-adherence/non-persistence is related to suboptimal response to treatment, including disease relapses and the need for more expensive healthcare. The aim of this study was to identify predictors related to adherence to disease modifying therapies (DMTs) in a cohort of Argentinian MS patients. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the National Medical Care Program from Argentina. MS patients with at least one claim for a DMT from 1 January 2017 to 1 October 2017 were identified. A telephone survey was performed to assess clinical and demographic factors. The medication possession ratio (MPR) was used to estimate adherence; MPR <80% defined non-adherence. Associations were studied using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: Our database included 648 MS patients. A total of 360 patients (60% females, mean age 55.3 years) accepted to participate. Of these, 308 (85.5%) patients were receiving DMT at the time of the survey. Some 198 (63.7%) were receiving injectable therapies. Optimal adherence was 47.7%. Adherence was associated with oral medication [odds ratio (OR) 1.83 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-3.00, p = 0.014]. A factor related to oral drugs was higher educational level (OR 2.86 95%CI 1.41-5.81, p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: This real-world study showed better adherence and persistence on treatment with oral therapies in MS patients in Argentina.
ABSTRACT
Adherence to prescribed treatment in chronic diseases, as occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS), is a critical factor for a successful therapeutic response. The objective of this study was to evalua te the association between demographic variables and adherence to treatment of the population of MS patients in Argentina. A retrospective cohort study of MS patients who received treatment with disease-modifying drugs, included in the drug dispensing database of the National Care Medical Program: PAMI (Programa Asistencia Médica Integral), was conducted. Optimal adherence was defined as an acquisition of the drug greater than 80% during a 9-month follow-up. A total of 648 patients were included, mean age 55 years (IQR 46-64), 59.4% women. The mean adherence to treatment was 67% (IQR 44-89) and optimal adherence was documented only in 35.5% of cases. Adherence to injectable medications was 10% lower than that of oral drugs (p = 0.0001) and the use of original brands was associated with 7.4% greater adherence than with generic drugs (p = 0.001). In conclusion, adherence to treatment has been suboptimal. In the Patagonian region, the use of injectables and generic drugs was associated with lower adherence to therapy. These data are very important in order to planning socio-sanitary programs that aim to increase therapeutic adherence.
La adherencia al tratamiento prescrito en enfermedades crónicas, como ocurre en la esclerosis múltiple (EM), es un factor crítico para una respuesta terapéutica exitosa. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre las variables demográficas y la adherencia al tratamiento en una población de pacientes con EM en Argentina. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de pacientes con EM que recibieron tratamiento con medicamentos modificadores de la enfermedad, incluidos en la base de datos de dispensación de medicamentos del Programa Nacional de Atención Médica: PAMI (Programa Asistencia Médica Integral). La adherencia óptima se definió como una adquisición del fármaco superior al 80% durante un seguimiento de 9 meses. Se incluyó un total de 648 pacientes, edad media 55 años (RIC 46-64), 59.4% mujeres. La adherencia media al tratamiento fue del 67% (RIC 44-89) y la adherencia óptima se documentó solo en el 35.5% de los casos. La adherencia a los medicamentos inyectables fue 10% menor que la de los medicamentos orales (p = 0.0001) y el uso de marcas originales se asoció con una adherencia 7.4% mayor que los medicamentos genéricos (p = 0.001). En conclusión, la adherencia al tratamiento ha sido subóptima. En la región patagónica, el uso de inyectables y de medicamentos genéricos se asoció con una menor adherencia terapéutica. Estos datos son muy importantes para planificar programas socio-sanitarios que tengan como objetivo aumentar la adherencia terapéutica.
Subject(s)
Multiple Sclerosis , Argentina/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Medication Adherence , Middle Aged , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Resumen La adherencia al tratamiento prescrito en enfermedades crónicas, como ocurre en la esclerosis múltiple (EM), es un factor crítico para una respuesta terapéutica exitosa. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre las variables demográficas y la adherencia al tratamiento en una población de pacientes con EM en Argentina. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de pacientes con EM que recibieron tratamiento con medicamentos modificadores de la enfermedad, incluidos en la base de datos de dispensación de medicamentos del Programa Nacional de Atención Médica: PAMI (Programa Asistencia Médica Integral). La adherencia óptima se definió como una adquisición del fármaco superior al 80% durante un seguimiento de 9 meses. Se incluyó un total de 648 pacientes, edad media 55 años (RIC 46-64), 59.4% mujeres. La adherencia media al tratamiento fue del 67% (RIC 44-89) y la adherencia óptima se documentó solo en el 35.5% de los casos. La adherencia a los medicamentos inyectables fue 10% menor que la de los medicamentos orales (p = 0.0001) y el uso de marcas originales se asoció con una adherencia 7.4% mayor que los medicamentos genéricos (p = 0.001). En conclusión, la adherencia al tratamiento ha sido subóptima. En la región patagónica, el uso de inyectables y de medicamentos genéricos se asoció con una menor adherencia terapéutica. Estos datos son muy importantes para planificar programas socio-sanitarios que tengan como objetivo aumentar la adherencia terapéutica.
Abstract Adherence to prescribed treatment in chronic diseases, as occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS), is a critical factor for a successful therapeutic response. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between demographic variables and adherence to treatment of the population of MS patients in Argentina. A retrospective cohort study of MS patients who received treatment with disease-modifying drugs, included in the drug dispensing database of the National Care Medical Program: PAMI (Programa Asistencia Médica Integral), was conducted. Optimal adherence was defined as an acquisition of the drug greater than 80% during a 9-month follow-up. A total of 648 patients were included, mean age 55 years (IQR 46-64), 59.4% women. The mean adherence to treatment was 67% (IQR 44-89) and optimal adherence was documented only in 35.5% of cases. Adherence to injectable medications was 10% lower than that of oral drugs (p = 0.0001) and the use of original brands was associated with 7.4% greater adherence than with generic drugs (p = 0.001). In conclusion, adherence to treatment has been suboptimal. In the Patagonian region, the use of injectables and generic drugs was associated with lower adherence to therapy. These data are very important in order to planning socio-sanitary programs that aim to increase therapeutic adherence.