ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Afatinib prolongs progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were previously sensitive to erlotinib or gefitinib. This study investigated experience of afatinib under a Named Patient Use (NPU) programme. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective data for 63 patients were collected, including demographics, dose, toxicity and clinical efficacy. RESULTS: Response rate and median PFS were 14.3% and 2.6months, respectively. Diarrhoea and rash were the most common toxicities; 46% of patients required a dose reduction and 41% had a dose delay. CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy and safety in the NPU programme are consistent with the LUX-Lung 1 trial.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Quinazolines/therapeutic use , Adult , Afatinib , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/enzymology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Disease-Free Survival , ErbB Receptors/genetics , ErbB Receptors/metabolism , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/enzymology , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Mutation , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Quinazolines/administration & dosage , Quinazolines/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , United KingdomABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Regular contraceptive use and emergency contraception are tools to prevent pregnancies. AIMS: This study was designed to investigate knowledge and use of contraceptive methods and awareness of emergency contraception among women working in the hospital. SETTINGS: Educated workingwomen in a medical college hospital. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out among women belonging to three categories: staff nurses, ministerial staff and others. Married as well as unmarried employees in the reproductive age group were interviewed. A pretested mixed questionnaire containing open as well as closed ended questions was administered. The women were asked questions concerning knowledge and use of contraceptive methods and awareness of emergency or postcoital contraception. RESULTS: Of the 284 employees 258 women consented for the interview. All the subjects were literate and majority (97.2%) had an urban background. Of the 190 married women, 154 (81.1%) practiced contraception, among them (73.3%) were regular users. Eighty respondents underwent abortions of which 46 had spontaneous and 34 had induced abortions. Among the available contraceptive methods, condom was the most popular method in 89 (57.8%) followed by Copper T in 38 women (24.7%). The use of hormonal contraception was very low 2.6%. Print and electronic media were the common source of public awareness in 149 subjects (57.7%). Twenty-nine women (11.2%) were aware and only three women used emergency contraception. CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of females in this literate workingwomen population used contraception; however, the awareness of emergency contraception was low.
Subject(s)
Contraception Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Contraception/methods , Contraceptives, Postcoital , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Patient Education as Topic , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , India , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Adverse health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) among non-smokers have been studied occasionally in developing countries. AIMS: To study the effects of exposure to ETS on outcome in pregnancy SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A cross-sectional study at a secondary level teaching hospital Material and Methods: Consecutive 576 non-smoking women delivering a singleton live baby were studied. A pre-designed structured questionnaire was used to record the details of exposure to ETS at home. The maternal and foetal variables were compared among those who were exposed to ETS vis-à-vis not exposed. Unpaired Student t-test was used for the comparison of continuous variables and Fisher's Exact test was used for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed after including all variables found to have significant differences on univariate analysis. RESULTS: Of the 576 women studied 141 (24%) were exposed to ETS. In the mothers exposed to ETS, there was a significantly higher incidence of pre-term birth (24.1% vs. 16.1%; P = 0.027) and small-for-gestation babies (31.9% vs.17.2%; p<0.001) as compared to unexposed mothers. The mean birth weight of the babies born to the mothers exposed to ETS was 138 g less than that of babies in the unexposed group (2632 -/+577 g vs. 2770 -/+562 g respectively, p = 0.014). The multiple logistic regression analyses showed that ETS exposure during pregnancy was significantly associated with a higher risk of small-for-gestation babies (OR 2.10; 95% CI: 1.27-3.48). CONCLUSION: Exposure to ETS during pregnancy is associated with higher risk of having a small-for-gestation baby.
Subject(s)
Infant, Small for Gestational Age , Pregnancy Outcome , Tobacco Smoke Pollution , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Risk Assessment , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
T and B lymphocytes were estimated in 25 patients with Thalassemia major to evaluate their immune status. The percentage of T cells was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) while that of B cells was significantly raised (p < 0.001) in patients of thalassemia major as compared to age and sex matched controls.
Subject(s)
B-Lymphocytes , Blood Transfusion , T-Lymphocytes , beta-Thalassemia/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Leukocyte Count , Splenectomy , beta-Thalassemia/therapyABSTRACT
Depressive mood is a common accompaniment of schizophrenia. The present study was taken up with the aim to study the effect of imipramine on depressivse symptoms of schizophrenia. Eighteen patients of schizophrenia with depressive symptoms were studied under a double blind controlled design with a chlorpromazine-imipramine and a chlorpromazine-placebo group. Both the groups showed significant improvement (p< .001) after the 6 week trial and the addition of imipramine to chlorpromazine therapy did not have any advantageous or deleterious effect.
ABSTRACT
This unusual foreign body in the tongue of a 45-year-old lady must be unique. The most interesting feature of the present case was that the patient had sustained a gun-shot injury about five months earlier leading to traumatic extraction of the first left lower molar tooth and its impaction into the tongue. The patient herself was not aware of it and she attended the hospital complaining only of a simple swelling of tongue.
