ABSTRACT
Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis represents a defined pathological entity which follows an epidemiological and nosological pattern in accordance to an arbitrary classification. Chronologically it is divided into the entities of early and late prosthetic valve endocarditis, each with its own unique characteristics. The clinical features, complications and diagnosis do not vary much from native valve endocarditis. There are clear and precise indications to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of this entity which differ from native valve endocarditis.
Subject(s)
Aortic Valve , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology , Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects , Mitral Valve , Prosthesis-Related Infections , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Echocardiography , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Electrocardiography , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/surgery , Humans , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/drug therapy , Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology , Prosthesis-Related Infections/surgery , Risk Factors , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Actinomycosis is an unusual, chronic granulomatous disease. Actinomyces israelli has been found to be related to infectious processes in those patients with affected skin integrity leading to abscess formation, fistulae or mass lesions. Actinomycosis mainly presents in three forms cervicofacial (50%), abdominal (20%) and thoracic (15%). Pelvic cases have been rarely reported and are usually associated with the use of intrauterine devices. We describe a case of a 23 y/o female without history of intrauterine device use, who was admitted with an ovarian cyst following an appendectomy. An ovarian abscess was drained. The pathology showed a granuloma and focal sulfur granules like particles compatible with Actinomyces. This is a case of pelvic Actinomyces, not related to the use of an intrauterine device.