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2.
J Med Chem ; 47(19): 4642-4, 2004 Sep 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15341478

ABSTRACT

The bradykinin B(1) receptor is rapidly induced after inflammation or tissue trauma and appears to play an important role in the maintenance of hyperalgesia in inflammatory conditions. Here, we describe the optimization process to identify novel, potent non-peptide human B(1) receptor antagonists based on a 2-alkylamino-5-sulfamoylbenzamide core. Optimized derivatives are selective, functional B(1) antagonists with low nanomolar affinity and exhibit oral bioavailability in animals.


Subject(s)
Bradykinin B1 Receptor Antagonists , ortho-Aminobenzoates/chemistry , ortho-Aminobenzoates/pharmacokinetics , Administration, Oral , Amines/chemistry , Amino Acids/chemistry , Biological Availability , Carboxylic Acids/chemistry , Humans , Molecular Structure , Peptides/administration & dosage , Peptides/chemical synthesis , Peptides/chemistry , Peptides/pharmacology , ortho-Aminobenzoates/administration & dosage , ortho-Aminobenzoates/pharmacology
3.
J Med Chem ; 45(11): 2160-72, 2002 May 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12014954

ABSTRACT

The 1-(2-nitrophenyl)thiosemicarbazide (TSC) derivative, (S)-1-[4-(4-benzhydrylthiosemicarbazido)-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid [2-[(2-dimethylaminoethyl)methylamino]ethyl]amide (bradyzide; (S)-4), was recently disclosed as a novel, potent, orally active nonpeptide bradykinin (BK) B2 receptor antagonist. The compound inhibited the specific binding of [3H]BK to NG108-15 cell membrane preparations (rodent neuroblastoma-glioma) expressing B2 receptors with a K(i) of 0.5 +/- 0.2 nM. Compound (S)-4 also demonstrated oral efficacy against Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in rats with an ED50 value of 0.84 micromol/kg. After we optimized the terminal binding determinants projecting from the TSC framework, we found that it was possible to replace the potentially toxicophoric nitro and divalent sulfur moieties with only a 15-fold loss in binding affinity ((S)-14a). However, bradyzide and its congeners were found to have much lower affinities for cloned human B2 receptors, expressed in Cos-7 cells. The hitherto synthesized TSC series was screened against the human B2 receptor, and the dibenzosuberane (DBS) pharmacophore emerged as the key structural requirement for potency. Incorporation of this group resulted in a series of derivatives ((S)-14d,e and 19b-d) with K(i) ranges of 10.7-176 nM in NG108-15 cells (expressing the rodent B2 receptor) and 0.79-253 nM in Cos-7 cells (expressing the human B2 receptor). There was no evidence of agonist activity with any of the nonpeptides in any of the cell lines tested. In vivo, oral administration of compound 19c reversed FCA-induced and turpentine-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in rodents with ED50 values of 0.027 and 0.32 micromol/kg, respectively. The selectivity profiles of compounds (S)-14f and (S)-14g were also assessed to determine the conformational and/or steric preferences of the double-ring arrangement. The affinity of (S)-14 g for the human B2 receptor suggested that it may be a hydrophobic interaction with the ethane bridge of the DBS moiety that accounts for the increased potency of compounds (S)-14d,e and 19b,c at this receptor, by favoring a binding mode inaccessible to the unsubstituted diphenylmethyl derivative, (S)-4.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemical synthesis , Bradykinin Receptor Antagonists , Pyrrolidines/chemical synthesis , Thiosemicarbazones/chemical synthesis , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Cell Line , Female , Humans , Hyperalgesia/chemically induced , Hyperalgesia/drug therapy , Models, Molecular , Physical Stimulation , Pyrrolidines/chemistry , Pyrrolidines/pharmacology , Radioligand Assay , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptor, Bradykinin B2 , Species Specificity , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thiosemicarbazones/chemistry , Thiosemicarbazones/pharmacology , Turpentine
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