Efficacy of Esketamine among patients with treatment resistant depression in a 'real world' health-care setting in Israel.

One in five people will likely suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD) during their life. Thirty percent of those with MDD will experience Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD), which is characterized by a failure to respond to two adequately administered trials of antidepressants. Esketamine is a rapidly acting intranasal antidepressant. Present-day Esketamine research has limited data in real-world populations. This study aimed to assess Esketamine treatment in a real-world community-based population. This naturalistic retrospective study included 94 individuals age 18 and above diagnosed with TRD, treated with Esketamine in an outpatient setting. The treatment was given in a single clinic, from January 2021 to January 2023, following approval of the Institutional Internal Review Board. The treatment included an acute phase (biweekly treatment, continuing 4-8 weeks), followed by a maintenance phase (once a week to once a month, for 6-12 months). Dosing ranged from 28 mg to 84 mg. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively gathered. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, at baseline and during each treatment phase. All patients completed the acute phase. About 60% completed the maintenance phase. Linear improvement of depressive symptoms was revealed in both phases. A sub-analysis of patients with comorbid personality disorder revealed a similar improvement pattern in the acute phase with milder improvement during the maintenance phase, compared to the other patients. This study supports the use of Esketamine for TRD, including patients with comorbid personality disorder and previous electroconvulsive therapy.

Hepatitis C Virus Elimination in Methadone-treated Patients: Implementation of Hepatology Clinic in a Methadone Treatment Program.

OBJECTIVES: Patient ignorance and bureaucratic obstacles prevent initiation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment in patients participating in methadone treatment program. Despite high safety and efficacy of currently available oral medications, the rate of patient-initiated treatment remains low. We evaluated the impact of an interventional program on treatment success rate and factors associated with treatment engagement. METHODS: An intervention performed from 2018 to 2020 included an on-site Fibroscan and hepatologist evaluation, anti-viral HCV treatment initiation, and close support and follow-up by a dedicated team. Demographic and medical data were collected and comparison between patients who completed vs. patients who did not complete HCV treatment was done. RESULTS: Fifty-nine out of 74 HCV polymerase chain reaction-positive patients (79.7%) were willing and capable of undergoing on-site hepatologist and Fibroscan evaluations. Twelve (25%) of the participants had cirrhosis, 2 of whom were decompensated. Fifty of the 57 patients that got an anti-viral medication prescription (87%) initiated the treatment. Premature treatment discontinuation was rare (3 patients), intention-to-treat sustain virologic response (SVR) rate was 81% and per-protocol SVR rate was 97%. The rate of treatment initiation during the intervention was significantly higher than the patients' self-initiation rate (44 vs 12 patients). The main factors associated with successful completion of the care cascade was full abstinence from street drugs for 6 months before treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS: Installing a hepatology clinic in an methadone treatment program center was associated with a 3-fold increase in the HCV treatment, with high adherence to treatment levels, and a high SVR rate. The main factor associated with low engagement to treatment was ongoing street drug use.

The Effects of the 1st National COVID 19 Lockdown on Emergency Psychiatric Visit Trends in a Tertiary General Hospital in Israel.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the 1st COVID-19 lockdown in Israel affected emergency psychiatric presentations in a general hospital. METHOD: We studied files of patients who underwent psychiatric consultation in the emergency-room (ER) at the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center during a lockdown imposed in 2020. Parallel data were obtained from 2017-2019, as control. RESULTS: The number of psychiatric consultations dropped during the lockdown period; an increased relative number of compulsory psychiatric hospitalizations was documented and a decreased rate of consented psychiatric hospitalizations. DISCUSSION: Less psychiatric patients approached the ER during the lockdown period, pointing to an urgent need to facilitate access to psychiatric care in future times of crisis.