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1.
Rev Med Liege ; 77(12): 739-744, 2022 Dec.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36484753

ABSTRACT

Suspicion of allergy to insect venoms following bites (mosquito, bee, wasp, …) is a frequent reason for consultation in pediatric allergology. Very often, these are local or locoregional reactions, which do not justify any other additional examinations. Biological analyses are performed when desensitization is recommended. Preventive measures should be explained to the patient and his/her parents. Symptomatic treatment with antihistamine, alcohol swabs and local corticosteroids is prescribed for local or locoregional reactions. If the child has a history of generalized anaphylactic reaction, an emergency kit containing an antihistamine and two auto-injectable epinephrine pens should be prescribed. Desensitization is indicated in case of a severe anaphylactic reaction.


La suspicion d'allergie aux piqûres d'insecte (moustique, abeille, guêpe, …) est un motif fréquent de consultation en allergologie pédiatrique. Très souvent, il s'agit de réactions locales ou locorégionales ne justifiant pas d'autres examens complémentaires. Les analyses biologiques sont réalisées lors d'une indication de désensibilisation. Des mesures de prévention doivent être expliquées au jeune patient et à ses parents. Un traitement symptomatique à base d'antihistaminiques, de compresses imbibées d'alcool et de corticoïdes locaux est prescrit lors de réactions locales ou locorégionales. Si l'enfant a présenté une réaction généralisée anaphylactique, une trousse d'urgence contenant un antihistaminique et deux stylos d'adrénaline auto-injectable est prescrite. Une désensibilisation est prescrite lors d'une réaction anaphylactique importante.


Subject(s)
Anaphylaxis , Bee Venoms , Insect Bites and Stings , Venom Hypersensitivity , Female , Bees , Humans , Male , Animals , Wasp Venoms , Anaphylaxis/diagnosis , Anaphylaxis/etiology , Anaphylaxis/prevention & control , Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis , Desensitization, Immunologic
2.
Rev Med Liege ; 76(2): 77-82, 2021 Feb.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33543851

ABSTRACT

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy. Its pathophysiology is still poorly understood. FPIES mainly affects infant and young children, although cases have been reported in adults. Its symptomatology is restricted to gastrointestinal manifestations and the onset of allergic reaction subsequent to exposure is delayed. The most common culprit for children is cow's milk. Initial clinical presentation of FPIES is oftentimes acute, though it can also be chronic. Diagnosis relies on clinical criteria, which have been recently redefined and subject to international consensus. Through two clinical cases, this report aims to describe the characteristics of this emerging disease as well as delineate the treatment thereof.


Le syndrome d'entérocolite induite par les protéines alimentaires (SEIPA) est une allergie alimentaire non IgE-médiée dont la physiopathologie est encore mal connue. Elle touche principalement le jeune enfant, bien que des cas chez l'adulte soient décrits. Elle se caractérise par des symptômes uniquement digestifs et d'apparition retardée lors de l'exposition à l'allergène. L'aliment le plus fréquemment incriminé chez l'enfant est le lait de vache. Le SEIPA peut se présenter sous deux formes, aiguë ou chronique, la forme aiguë étant la plus fréquente. Son diagnostic repose, essentiellement, sur des critères cliniques qui ont été redéfinis, récemment, lors d'un consensus international. Ce travail, à travers deux cas cliniques, a pour objectif de décrire les caractéristiques de cette maladie émergente et de discuter des grandes lignes de son traitement.


Subject(s)
Enterocolitis , Food Hypersensitivity , Adult , Allergens , Animals , Cattle , Child , Child, Preschool , Dietary Proteins , Enterocolitis/diagnosis , Enterocolitis/etiology , Female , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/etiology , Humans , Infant , Syndrome
5.
Rev Med Liege ; 74(2): 100-103, 2019 Feb.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30793564

ABSTRACT

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a molecule recognized worldwide for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. While side effects are rare, some patients have allergic or non-allergic hypersensitivity to this molecule. Anamnesis helps to guide the diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of the specific IgE assay for paracetamol, skin tests and other in vitro challenge tests have been poorly studied. The oral provocation test remains the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis. In case of confirmed hypersensitivity to paracetamol, it is important to search for an alternative treatment. In this article, we describe a clinical case and its management.


Le paracétamol (acétaminophène) est une molécule reconnue dans le monde entier pour ses vertus anti-inflammatoires et antalgiques. Alors que les effets secondaires sont rares, certains patients présentent une hypersensibilité allergique ou non allergique à cette molécule. L'anamnèse permet d'orienter le diagnostic. Les sensibilité et spécificité du dosage des IgE spécifiques pour le paracétamol, les tests cutanés et les autres tests de provocation in vitro ont été très peu étudiés. Le test de provocation orale reste l'examen de référence pour infirmer ou affirmer le diagnostic. En cas d'hypersensibilité confirmée au paracétamol, il est important de rechercher un traitement alternatif. Dans cet article, nous décrivons l'ensemble de la prise en charge à partir d'un cas clinique.


Subject(s)
Acetaminophen , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic , Drug Hypersensitivity , Acetaminophen/adverse effects , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/adverse effects , Child , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Humans
6.
Rev Med Liege ; 71(12): 537-540, 2016 Dec.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28387092

ABSTRACT

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a constitutional vascular dysplasia characterized by chronic epistaxis, mucocutaneous and visceral telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations. Apart from family screenings, the disease is rarely diagnosed during the pediatric age given the late advent of typical clinical symptoms. Nevertheless, arteriovenous malformations are sometimes already present at a young age with significant morbidity risk. Therefore, it is important to establish an early diagnosis. We describe two pediatric cases of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations with divergent clinical presentation.


La maladie de Rendu-Osler, ou télangiectasies hémorragiques héréditaires, est une dysplasie vasculaire constitutionnelle. Elle se caractérise par des épistaxis spontanées et récidivantes, des télangiectasies cutanéo-muqueuses et viscérales et des malformations artério-veineuses. En dehors d'un dépistage familial, cette maladie est rarement diagnostiquée à l'âge pédiatrique étant donné l'apparition tardive des symptômes cliniques typiques. Cependant, les malformations artério-veineuses sont parfois présentes dès le plus jeune âge avec des risques importants de morbidité, d'où l'importance d'un diagnostic précoce. Nous décrivons deux cas pédiatriques de maladie de Rendu-Osler et de malformations artério- veineuses pulmonaires avec des présentations cliniques très différentes.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnosis , Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities , Pulmonary Veins/abnormalities , Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/diagnosis , Arteriovenous Malformations/complications , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery/pathology , Pulmonary Veins/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Veins/pathology , Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/complications
7.
Allergy ; 69(6): 784-90, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24725204

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend regular assessment of asthma control. The Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) is a clinically validated tool. AIM: To evaluate asthma control according to GINA2006, NAEPP, pediatrician's assessment (PA), and C-ACT in asthmatic children visiting their ambulatory pediatrician or tertiary care pediatric pulmonologist. METHODS: Demographic data, treatment, and number of severe exacerbations during the previous year were collected. Control was assessed using (i) strict GINA 2006 criteria, (ii) GINA without taking into account the exacerbation item, (iii) NAEPP criteria, and (iv) PA. Children and parents filled out the C-ACT. RESULTS: Five hundred and twenty-five children completed the survey (mean age: 7.7 years; 28% ≤ 6 years). 78% had a controller treatment. 58% reported ≥ 1 severe exacerbation. C-ACT was ≤ 19 in 29.5%. Control was not achieved in 76.5%, 55%, 40%, and 34% according to GINA 2006 guidelines, NAEPP guidelines, GINA 2006 without exacerbation criteria, and PA, respectively. C-ACT was significantly lower in children ≤ 6 years old (P = 0.002) or with severe exacerbations (P < 0.0001). According to PA, 89% of patients with a C-ACT > 21 were controlled and 85% of patients with a C-ACT < 17 not controlled. CONCLUSION: We observed discrepancies between the different tools applied to assess asthma control in children, and the impact of age and exacerbations. Cutoff point of 19 of C-ACT was not associated with the best performance compared to PA. Assessment of control should take into account symptoms and lung function as suggested by the latest GINA guidelines as well as exacerbation over a long period.


Subject(s)
Asthma/prevention & control , Asthma/therapy , Age Factors , Asthma/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Disease Progression , Female , France , Humans , Male , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Pediatrics , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Surveys and Questionnaires
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