ABSTRACT
Risk behaviors and signs of burnout are associated with substantial health losses and university dropouts. Physical activity can be an effective approach to reduce these factors. The objective of this study was to analyze aspects related to health behaviors, physical activity, and signs of burnout in university students and their association with physical activity. The probabilistic cluster sample consisted of 3,578 regularly enrolled undergraduate students from UFPR in Curitiba, based on a population sample of 24,032 university students. The students completed the MBI-SS and NCHA II instruments. Descriptive statistics were used to identify demographic indicators and characteristics of the university environment. For the proportion of subjects with respective confidence intervals (CI = 95%), contingency tables involving the chi-square test (χ2) were used. The prevalence of signs of burnout was estimated in punctual proportions accompanied by the respective confidence intervals (CI = 95%). To analyze the associations between the independent variables and signs of burnout, the Hierarchical Logistic Regression was used through an analysis adjusted by the other independent variables involved in the models (CI = 95%). Results showed that the prevalence of individuals who showed signs of burnout was 40.4%. The hierarchical multiple regression model pointed to: female sex (OR = 1.30; 1.11-1.51); age between 20-24 years (OR = 1.51; 1.25-1.83); and 25-29 years (OR = 1.69; 1.27-2.24); being single (OR = 2.67; 1.01-7.10); presenting regular/poor health perception (OR = 1.59; 1.13-2.22), belonging to Human Sciences courses (OR = 1.37; 1.14-1.64); attending 2nd or 3rd year (OR = 1.34; 1.12-1.61); poor academic performance (OR = 5.35; 4.11-6.96); mean (OR = 2.08; 1.78-2.43). We conclude that academics showed a high prevalence of health risk behaviors and correlate and diagnose emotional problems and signs of burnout. Signs of burnout were significantly associated with the practice of physical activity in its three dimensions; however, in the adjusted analysis for demographic indicators, the characteristics of the university environment, and health behaviors, physical activity was not significant for the model.
ABSTRACT
A new library of hybrid compounds that combine the functional parts of glibenclamide and pioglitazone was designed and developed. Compounds were screened for their antihyperglycemic effects on the glucose tolerance curve. This approach provided a single molecule that optimizes the pharmacological activities of two drugs used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and that have distinct biological activities, potentially minimizing the adverse effects of the original drugs. From a total of 15 compounds, 7 were evaluated in vivo; the compound 2; 4- [2- (2-phenyl-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl) ethyl] benzene-1-sulfonamide (PTEBS) was selected to study its mechanism of action on glucose and lipid homeostasis in acute and chronic animal models related to DM2. PTEBS reduced glycemia and increased serum insulin in hyperglycemic rats, and elevated in vitro insulin production from isolated pancreatic islets. This compound increased the glycogen content in hepatic and muscular tissue. Moreover, PTEBS stimulated the uptake of glucose in soleus muscle through a signaling pathway similar to that of insulin, stimulating translocation and protein synthesis of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). PTEBS was effective in increasing insulin sensitivity in resistance rats by stimulating increased muscle glucose uptake, among other mechanisms. In addition, this compound reduced total triglycerides in a tolerance test to lipids and reduced advanced glycation end products (AGES), without altering lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Thus, we suggest that PTEBS may have similar effects to the respective prototypes, which may improve the therapeutic efficacy of these molecules and decrease adverse effects in the long-term.
Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Glyburide/pharmacology , Hyperglycemia/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Pioglitazone/pharmacology , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glyburide/chemistry , Homeostasis/drug effects , Hypoglycemic Agents/chemical synthesis , Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry , Insulin Resistance , Molecular Structure , Pioglitazone/chemistry , Rats , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
: O exercício físico, em especial a corrida de rua tem sido recomendada para prevenção e tratamento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi verificar os efeitos de diferentes métodos de treinamento sobre os indicadores cardiometabólicos de corredores recreacionais. As bases de dados eletrônicas utilizadas na presente pesquisa foram: PUBMED, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS e COCHRANE LIBRARY, usando os descritores agrupados segundo o método PICO; População ("adults" OR "young adult" OR "middle aged") AND Intervenção ("endurance training" OR "aerobic training" OR "running") OR Comparação ("recreational runners" OR "jogging") AND Outcome/Desfecho ("cardiovascular risk factors" OR "cardiometabolic risk factors" OR "metabolic syndrome"). Na seleção os artigos foram excluídos por título, resumo e texto. Obteve-se um total de 813 artigos encontrados, no qual nove (9) preencheram os critérios de inclusão e baixo risco de viés de acordo com a Escala Testex. Foram encontrados três métodos de treinamento: Combinado (Contínuo +Intervalado); Contínuo e Intervalado. Considerando a somatória das amostras dos nove estudos, um total de 604 indivíduos (466 homens e 138 mulheres) participaram dos ensaios. Os diferentes métodos de treinamentos resultaram na redução dos níveis de triglicerídeos, insulina e glicose e na redução do colesterol total e LDL, e consequentemente o aumento do HDL. Na composição corporal houve diminuição significativa do peso e da gordura corporal, do IMC, na medida da circunferência da cintura, e no aumento da capacidade aeróbia (VO2). Concluiu-se que os treinamentos combinado, contínuo e intervalado podem ser aplicados para melhora dos indicadores cardiometabólicos, cada um dentro da sua especificidade de frequência, volume e intensidade.(AU)
Physical exercise, especially running, has been recommended for the prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases. The objective of this systematic review was to verify the effects of different training methods on the cardiometabolic indicators of recreational runners. The electronic databases used in the present research were: PUBMED, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS and COCHRANE LIBRARY, using the descriptors grouped according to the PICO method; Population ("adults" OR "young adult" OR "middle aged") AND Intervention ("endurance training" OR "aerobic training" OR "running") OR Comparison ("recreational runners" OR "jogging") AND Outcome / Outcome ("Cardiovascular risk factors" OR "cardiometabolic risk factors" OR "metabolic syndrome"). In the selection, articles were excluded by title, abstract and text. A total of 813 articles were obtained, in which nine (9) met the inclusion criteria and low risk of bias according to the Testex Scale. Three training methods were found: Combined (Continuous + Interval); Continuous and Interval. Considering the sum of the samples from the nine studies, a total of 604 individuals (466 men and 138 women) participated in the trials. The different training methods resulted in a reduction in the levels of triglycerides, insulin and glucose and in the reduction of total cholesterol and LDL, and consequently an increase in HDL. In body composition, there was a significant decrease in weight and body fat, in BMI, as measured by waist circumference, and in increased aerobic capacity (VO2). It is concluded that combined, continuous and interval training can be applied to improve cardiometabolic indicators, each within its specific frequency, volume and intensity.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Running/physiology , Biomarkers/blood , Physical Fitness/physiology , Endurance Training/methods , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Triglycerides/blood , Body Composition , Cholesterol/blood , Arterial Pressure/physiology , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , Glucose/analysis , Heart Rate/physiology , Insulin/bloodABSTRACT
Background: Studies have demonstrated the positive effects of physical activity on cardiovascular risk factors. Longitudinal studies using modeled trajectories are necessary to understand patterns of physical activity and association with cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To analyze the association between sports practice in young people and current physical activity with the trajectory of cardiovascular risk factors in workers at a public hospital. Methods: Four hundred and seventeen workers was followed for four years reporting Physical Activity, health status, lifestyle behaviors and socio-demographic characteristics. Group-based trajectory modeling identified the trajectories of PA and associations with time-stable and time-varying covariates. We considered a range of sociodemographic and health and lifestyle factors as potential covariates. Results: The results shows the association between participation in sports activities in youth and current physical activity and trajectories of cardiovascular risk, adjusted for sex and age (p < 0.05). Adults who reported having played sports in their youth and are currently active have a lower risk of having a history of obesity and low HDL-c than workers who did not play sports in their youth and are currently sedentary 0.690 (0.565-0.844) obesity, 0.647 (0.500-0.837) low HDL-c. Conclusion: The practice of sports in youth and current physical activity is a protective factor against the trajectory of obesity and low HDL-c, mainly in female workers. Programs to encourage the practice of physical activity should be carried out in order to reduce cardiovascular risk factors and prevent chronic diseases in workers.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT It has been shown that combined physical exercise is an efficient non-pharmacological approach in the context of public health, since it has demonstrated satisfactory results in the prevention, treatment and control of various morbidities. Therefore, it is essential to systematize current knowledge to enable professionals involved in the prescription of physical exercise to do so based on evidence. Thus, the objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of randomized clinical trials to verify changes in cardiometabolic risk factors induced by high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RT) in adolescents. The systematic search was performed in the following databases: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, LILACS and Scielo. Initially 933 studies were identified, then two researchers eliminated duplications and manuscripts that did not meet the eligibility criteria. Thus, two articles were included that met these criteria: a randomized clinical trial conducted with adolescents (10 to 19 years) of both sexes, an intervention lasting for at least four weeks, which prescribed HIIT and RT in the same session or not, and evaluation of at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. The results demonstrated that eight to 12 weeks of HIIT and RT without nutritional intervention were effective in significantly reducing waist circumference and body fat percentage. However, data pertinent to the efficacy of this combination on risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension are controversial. In view of the above, it is ascertained from the included studies that the combination of HIIT and RT has the potential to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents; therefore, further studies should be conducted to determine the effectiveness of this prescription of physical exercise. Level of Evidence II; Systematic review of Level II or Level I Studies with discrepant results.
RESUMO Tem sido evidenciado que o exercício físico combinado é uma abordagem não farmacológica eficiente no âmbito da saúde pública, uma vez que tem demonstrado resultados satisfatórios na prevenção, tratamento e controle de diversas morbidades. Portanto, é essencial a sistematização do conhecimento atual para que profissionais envolvidos na prescrição de exercícios físicos possam fazê-lo baseados em evidências. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados para verificar as alterações dos fatores de risco cardiometabólicos induzidas pelo treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) e treinamento resistido (TR) em adolescentes. A busca sistemática foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, LILACS e Scielo. Inicialmente foram identificados 933 estudos, em seguida, dois pesquisadores eliminaram as duplicações e os manuscritos que não atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Assim, foram incluídos dois artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão: ensaio clínico randomizado conduzido com adolescentes (10 a 19 anos) de ambos os sexos, intervenção com duração de, pelo menos, quatro semanas, que prescreveu HIIT e TR na mesma sessão ou não, e avaliação de, pelo menos, um fator de risco cardiometabólico. Os resultados demonstraram que oito a 12 semanas de HIIT e TR, sem intervenção nutricional, foram eficazes para reduzir significativamente a circunferência da cintura e o percentual de gordura. Entretanto, os dados pertinentes à eficácia dessa combinação sobre o risco de desenvolvimento de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipertensão arterial são controversos. Diante do exposto, verifica-se, a partir dos estudos incluídos, que a combinação de HIIT e TR tem o potencial de reduzir fatores de risco cardiometabólicos em adolescentes, portanto, novos estudos devem ser realizados para determinar a efetividade dessa prescrição de exercícios físicos. Nível de Evidência II; Revisão sistemática de Estudos de Nível II ou Nível I com resultados discrepantes.
RESUMEN Se ha evidenciado que el ejercicio físico combinado es un enfoque no farmacológico eficiente en el ámbito de la salud pública, ya que ha demostrado resultados satisfactorios en la prevención, tratamiento y control de diversas morbilidades. Por lo tanto, es esencial la sistematización del conocimiento actual, para que los profesionales involucrados en la prescripción de ejercicios físicos puedan hacerlo basándose en evidencias. De esta forma, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados para verificar los cambios de los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos inducidos por el entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) y entrenamiento resistido (ER) en adolescentes. La búsqueda sistemática se realizó en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, LILACS y Scielo. Inicialmente se identificaron 933 estudios, luego dos investigadores eliminaron las duplicaciones y los manuscritos que no cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. Así, se incluyeron dos artículos que cumplieron estos criterios de inclusión: ensayo clínico aleatorizado conducido con adolescentes (10 a 19 años) de ambos sexos, intervención con una duración de al menos cuatro semanas, que prescribió HIIT y ER en la misma sesión o no, y evaluación de al menos un factor de riesgo cardiometabólico. Los resultados demostraron que ocho a 12 semanas de HIIT y ER, sin intervención nutricional, fueron eficaces para reducir significativamente la circunferencia de la cintura y el porcentaje de grasa. Sin embargo, los datos pertinentes sobre la eficacia de esta combinación sobre el riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipertensión arterial son controvertidos. Delante de lo expuesto se verifica, a partir de los estudios incluidos, que la combinación de HIIT y ER tiene el potencial de reducir factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en adolescentes, por lo tanto, deben ser realizados nuevos estudios para determinar la efectividad de esa prescripción de ejercicios físicos. Nivel de evidencia II; Revisión sistemática de Estudios de Nivel II o Nivel I con resultados discrepantes.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To analyze the effects of 2 combined training methods on the cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. METHODS: A total of 76 adolescents (16.1 [1.1] y, n = 44 female) were randomized into groups of moderate-intensity continuous training combined with resistance training (MICT + RT), high-intensity interval training combined with resistance training (HIIT + RT), or control. The training sessions were performed twice weekly for 12 weeks. The outcomes evaluated included body fat percentage, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance index, blood pressure, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), and cardiometabolic risk Z score. RESULTS: The intervention groups presented a significant reduction in the cardiometabolic risk Z score after 12 weeks of the combined exercise program. In relation to the cardiometabolic risk Z score between groups, the HIIT + RT group presented a significant intervention effect when compared with the control group (Cohen d = 0.23; P < .05). Significant intervention effects were found when comparing the MICT + RT and control groups for body fat percentage, high-density lipoprotein, and VO2peak. Between the HIIT + RT and control groups, significant intervention effects were found for body fat percentage, blood pressure, and VO2peak. There were not significant differences between the HIIT + RT and MICT + RT groups. CONCLUSION: Twelve weeks of HIIT + RT and MICT + RT were effective in significantly reducing the cardiometabolic risk in these adolescents.
Subject(s)
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , High-Intensity Interval Training , Resistance Training , Adolescent , Blood Pressure , Body Composition , Brazil , Female , Humans , Male , Oxygen ConsumptionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. Methods: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p<0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p<0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.
RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a diferença na proporção de escolares com síndrome metabólica diagnosticada segundo diferentes critérios. Métodos: Duzentos e quarenta e um escolares (136 meninos e 105meninas), com idade entre dez e 14 anos, das redes pública e privada de Paranavaí, Paraná. Foram utilizados três diferentes critérios para o diagnóstico da síndrome metabólica, considerando a presença de, ao menos, três dos seguintes fatores de risco: circunferência de cintura aumentada, hipertensão arterial, hiperglicemia em jejum, baixo nível de HDL-C e triglicerídeos elevado. Resultados: A prevalência de síndrome metabólica encontrada foi de 1,7% (intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 0-3,3), para o critério de IDF; 3,3% (IC95% 1,0-5,6) em Cook; e 17,4% (IC95% 12,6-22,3) em Ferranti. Na verificação dos critérios em pares, a concordância entre IDF e Cook foi de 97,5% (k=0,95); entre IDF e Ferranti, 83,4% (k=0,67); e entre Cook e Ferranti, 85,9% (k=0,72). Em apenas um aluno (0,4%) a síndrome metabólica foi diagnosticada exclusivamente pelo critério de IDF, e em 34 alunos (14,1%), pelo critério de Ferranti. A comparação entre os três critérios mostrou que o de Ferranti apresentou maior proporção de síndrome metabólica que os demais (p<0,001), e o de Cook maior proporção em relação ao da IDF (p<0,001). Conclusões: Houve diferença significante na proporção de síndrome metabólica nos três critérios. A escolha do critério a ser utilizado pode comprometer não apenas o percentual de prevalência de síndrome metabólica, mas também atrapalhar as estratégias de prevenção e intervenção em crianças e adolescentes com e sem síndrome metabólica, respectivamente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Triglycerides/blood , Brazil/epidemiology , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Biomarkers/blood , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Waist Circumference/physiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. METHODS: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p<0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.
Subject(s)
Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Adolescent , Biomarkers/blood , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Triglycerides/blood , Waist Circumference/physiologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Obesity promotes a state of chronic low-grade inflammation of white adipose tissue, which is associated with different chronic diseases. While exercise induces an anti-inflammatory environment, little is known about the acute effects of continuous exercise at different intensities on inflammatory markers in obese adolescents. This study included 10 obese adolescents of both sexes, between 15 and 18 years of age. Volunteers performed two 30-minute exercise sessions. The 1st exercise session was performed at moderate intensity (55% VO2peak) and the 2nd at vigorous intensity (75% VO2peak), with a one-week interval between sessions. Blood samples were collected 10 minutes before and 20 minutes after the exercise sessions. Inflammatory markers were analyzed using the chemiluminescence method. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-factors ANOVA test for repeated measures and statistical significance was set at 5% (p <0.05). The results showed that 30 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise resulted in significant changes in circulating levels of TNF-α (6.23 ± 1.64 to 7.03 ± 1.49) and IL-6 (3.35 ± 1.53 to 3.85 ± 1.73). The results of this study showed that a single exercise session of moderate intensity lasting for 30 minutes induced acute responses in inflammatory markers in the obese adolescents evaluated.
RESUMO A obesidade promove um estado de inflamação crônica de baixo grau do tecido adiposo branco, o qual está associado a doenças crônicas. O exercício físico induz um ambiente anti-inflamatório, porém pouco se sabe sobre o efeito agudo do exercício físico contínuo em diferentes intensidades sobre os marcadores inflamatórios em adolescentes obesos. Participaram deste estudo 10 adolescentes obesos de ambos os sexos, entre 15 e 18 anos. Os voluntários realizaram duas sessões de 30 minutos de exercício, sendo a 1ª sessão na intensidade moderada (55% VO2pico) e a 2ª sessão na intensidade vigorosa (75% VO2pico), com o intervalo de uma semana entre cada sessão. As amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas 10 minutos pré e 20 minutos pós exercício. Os marcadores inflamatórios foram analisados através do método Quimiluminescência. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste ANOVA para medidas repetidas com dois fatores e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (p< 0,05). Os resultados indicaram que 30 minutos de exercício aeróbico moderado resultou em mudanças significativas nos níveis circulatórios de TNF-α (6,23 ± 1,64 para 7,03 ± 1,49) e IL-6 (3,35 ± 1,53 para 3,85 ± 1,73). A partir dos resultados encontrados no presente estudo, pode-se concluir que uma única sessão de exercício físico de intensidade moderada com 30 minutos de duração induziu respostas agudas nos marcadores inflamatórios nestes adolescentes obesos
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Chronic Disease , Motor Activity , Obesity , CytokinesABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foianalisar o comportamento da pressão arterial ambulatorial de adoles-centes obesos após uma sessão de exercício intervalado de alta intensidade (HIT) na esteira ergo-métrica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com delineamento cross-over randomizado, realizada com nove adolescentes do sexo masculino de 15 a 18 anos de idade. Os voluntários realizaram dois protocolos experimentais, com intervalo mínimo de 48 horas: controle e HIT. O protocolo HIT foi constituído de cinco séries a 85 95% do VO2pico por um minuto, intercalados por três minutos de recuperação a 40 50% do VO2pico. Antes e após os protocolos, frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica e pressão arterial média foram mensuradas na posição sentada. A medida ambulatorial da pressão arterial foi realizada nos dois protocolos por meio de um monitor automá-tico da marca SpaceLabs 90207, programado para realizar medidas a cada 20 minutos, das 12:00 às 22:00 horas. Os efeitos dos protocolos experimentais nas respostas hemodinâmicas foram testados por meio da análise de variância para medidas repetidas, considerando-se os fatores (controle e HIT) e tempo (pré-sessão e pós-sessão). Os resultados apontaram diferença significativa entre as médias da PAS nos protocolos controle e HIT na primeira hora após o final do exercício (133,66 ± 7,56 vs 125,88 ± 7,20 mmHg, respectivamente; p = 0,005), indicando hipotensão pós-exercício induzida pelo HIT. O protocolo HIT empregado promoveu efeito hipotensor de moderada magnitude e curta duração sobre a PAS
The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of ambulatory blood pressure of obese adolescents after a session of high intensity interval exercise (HIT) on treadmill. This was a randomized cross-over study with nine male adolescents between 15 and 18 years of age. The volunteers performed two experimental pro-tocols with a minimum interval of 48 hours: control and HIT. The HIT protocol consisted of five series at 85 95% of VO2peak for one minute, interspersed by three minutes of recovery at 40 50% of VO2peak. Before and after the protocols, heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pres-sure were obtained in the seated position. Ambulatory blood pressure measurement was performed in both protocols through an automatic monitor of the mark SpaceLabs 90207, programmed to perform measure-ments every 20 minutes from 12:00 to 22:00 hours. The effects of the experimental protocols on hemodynamic responses were tested through analysis of variance for repeated measures, considering the factors (control and HIT) and time (pre-session and post-session). The results showed a significant difference between the means of SBP in the control and HIT protocols in the first hour after the end of the exercise (133.66 ± 7.56 vs 125.88 ± 7.20 mmHg, respectively, p = 0.005), indicating post-exercise hypotension induced by HIT. The HIT protocol employed promoted a moderate magnitude and short duration hypotensive effect on SBP
Subject(s)
Exercise , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Adolescent HealthABSTRACT
Abstract Even though the benefits of regular physical activity (PA) are well established, national tracking studies are still scarce. The aim of the study was to analyze the tracking of physical activity (PA) in 2010, 2012 and 2014 of adolescents from Jacarezinho, Paraná. Adolescents (ages: 15.6 ± 0.6 years) were evaluated in 2014, who had participated in the 2010 and 2012 surveys. The Baecke questionnaire was used to evaluate the physical activity fields: school, sports and leisure time. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare the physical activity index (PAI) in years 2010, 2012 and 2014. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to relate PAI obtained in 2014 with previous years. Significant reduction was observed in both sexes in the total and school index in 2012 and 2014 in relation to 2010. The leisure time index also presented a significant reduction in male sex from 2012 to 2014 (p<0.05). In the correlation between 2014 and the previous years, boys demonstrated weak association in the leisure index in 2010 (rho=0.292). In the female sex, values were significant in the leisure time and total indexes (rho=0.263; rho=0.307) in 2010 and in the sports and total indexes (rho=0.337; rho=0.332) in 2012. The research indicates that PA of adolescents decreased with age advancement, resulting in low to moderate tracking.
Resumo Embora os benefícios da prática regular de atividade física (AF) estejam bem estabelecidos na literatura, estudos nacionais de rastreamento (tracking) ainda são escassos. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o tracking da atividade física entre 2010, 2012 e 2014 em adolescentes de Jacarezinho, Paraná. Foram avaliados em 2014 adolescentes (idades: 15,6 ± 0,6 anos) que já tinham participado do levantamento em 2010 e 2012. A atividade física foi avaliada pelo questionário de Baecke nos domínios: escolar, esportivo e lazer. ANOVA para medidas repetidas foi adotada para comparar os índices de atividade física (IAF) entre 2010, 2012 e 2014. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi empregado para associar os IAF obtidos em 2014 com os anos anteriores. Foi observada redução significativa em ambos os sexos nos índices total e escolar de 2012 e 2014 em comparação ao ano de 2010. O índice lazer também apresentou redução significativa no sexo masculino de 2012 a 2014 (p<0,05). Na correlação entre 2014 e os anos anteriores, os meninos demonstraram fraca associação no índice lazer em 2010 (rho=0,292). Já no sexo feminino, os valores foram significativos nos índices lazer e total (rho=0,263; rho=0,307) em 2010 e nos índices esportivo e total (rho=0,337; rho=0,332) no ano de 2012. Os achados indicam que a AF dos adolescentes diminuiu com o avanço da idade, tendo como resultado o tracking fraco a moderado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Exercise , Life StyleABSTRACT
RESUMO Introdução: Nas últimas décadas, a incidência de obesidade na população pediátrica vem aumentando, juntamente com a inatividade física. A obesidade e a inatividade física são componentes predisponentes para o agravo dos fatores de risco metabólico, sendo de fundamental importância seu tratamento visando melhora da saúde dos jovens. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito de 12 semanas de uma intervenção focada na atividade física sobre os fatores de risco metabólico em crianças obesas. Métodos: A amostra final foi composta por 19 escolares com idade entre oito e 10 anos (10 no grupo pedômetro e nove no grupo controle). A atividade física foi mensurada e orientada por meio do pedômetro Yamax(r) sw 700 (Tóquio, Honchu, Japão). Para comparações intra e entre grupos foi aplicado a ANOVA two way para medidas repetidas com significância estipulada em p < 0,05. Resultados: O número de passos aumentou significativamente somente no grupo pedômetro após as 12 semanas de intervenção (pré 9729,7 ± 2539,8 vs. pós 13151,6 ± 3581,7). Foi observado aumento significativo do peso corporal, da estatura e do IMC no grupo controle. No grupo pedômetro, observou-se aumento significativo apenas na estatura. Com relação aos fatores de risco metabólicos, não foi encontrada mudança significativa no grupo controle, enquanto no grupo pedômetro foi observada diminuição significante nos valores de insulina (pré 12,21 ± 8,53 vs. pós 7,26 ± 4,70 µUI/ml) e HOMA IR (pré 2,76 ± 1,93 vs. pós 1,49 ± 0,93). Conclusão: A presente intervenção com atividade física a partir do estabelecimento de metas utilizando pedômetros reduziu significativamente as concentrações de insulina e o índice de homeostase (HOMA IR) em crianças obesas, independentemente da perda de peso.
ABSTRACT Introduction: In recent decades, the incidence of obesity in children is increasing along with physical inactivity. Obesity and physical inactivity are predisposing components to the worsening of metabolic risk factors and treatment is fundamental aiming at improving the health of young people. Objective: To verify the effect of 12 weeks of an intervention focused on physical activity on metabolic risk factors in obese children. Methods: The final sample consisted of 19 students aged between 8 and 10 years (10 in the pedometer group and nine in the control group). Physical activity was measured and guided by the Yamax(r) sw 700 pedometer (Tokyo, Honshu, Japan). For within and between groups comparisons the two way ANOVA was applied for repeated measures with significance set at p<0.05. Results: The number of steps increased significantly only in the pedometer group after the 12-week intervention (9729.7±2539.8 before vs. 13151.6±3581.7 after). Significant increase was observed in body weight, height, and BMI in the control group. In the pedometer group, it was observed significant increase only in stature. Regarding the metabolic risk factors, there was no significant change found in the control group, while in the pedometer group a significant decrease in insulin levels was observed (12.21±8.53 before vs. 7.26±4.70 µUI/ml after) and HOMA IR (2.76±1.93 before vs. 1.49±0.93 after). Conclusion: This intervention with physical activity from setting goals using pedometers significantly reduced the concentrations of insulin and the homeostasis index (HOMA IR) in obese children regardless of weight loss.
RESUMEN Introducción: En las últimas décadas, la incidencia de la obesidad en los niños es cada vez mayor, junto con la inactividad física. La obesidad y la inactividad física son componentes que predisponen al empeoramiento de los factores de riesgo metabólico, siendo de fundamental importancia el tratamiento destinado a mejorar la salud de los jóvenes. Objetivo: Comprobar el efecto de 12 semanas de una intervención centrada en la actividad física sobre los factores de riesgo metabólico en los niños obesos. Métodos: La muestra final fue de 19 estudiantes de edades comprendidas entre ocho y 10 años (10 en el grupo podómetro y nueve en el grupo de control). La actividad física se midió y fue guiada por el podómetro Yamax(r) sw 700 (Tokio, Honchu, Japón). Para las comparaciones dentro y entre grupos se aplicó la ANOVA de dos vías para medidas repetidas, con una significación establecida en p < 0,05. Resultados: El número de pasos aumentó significativamente sólo en el grupo podómetro después de 12 semanas de intervención (pre 9729,7 ± 2539,8 vs. post 13151,6 ± 3581,7). Se observó un aumento significativo en el peso corporal, la estatura y el IMC en el grupo control. En el grupo podómetro, hubo un aumento significativo sólo en estatura. En cuanto a los factores de riesgo metabólico, no hubo ningún cambio significativo en el grupo control, mientras que en el grupo podómetro se observó disminución significativa de los valores de insulina (pre 12,21 ± 8,53 vs. post 7,26 ± 4,70 µUI/ml) y HOMA IR (pre 2,76 ± 1,93 vs. post 1,49 ± 0,93). Conclusión: Esta intervención con actividad física a partir del establecimiento de metas utilizando podómetros redujo significativamente las concentraciones de insulina y el índice de la homeostasis (HOMA-IR) en niños obesos, independientemente de la pérdida de peso.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To analyze physical activity and sedentary behavior in preschool children during their stay at school and the associated factors. Methods: 370 preschoolers, aged 4–6 years, stratified according to gender, age and school region in the city of Londrina, PR, participated in the study. A questionnaire was applied to principals of preschools to analyze the school infrastructure and environment. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were estimated using accelerometers for five consecutive days during the children's stay at school. The odds ratio (OR) was estimated through binary logistic regression. Results: At school, regardless of age, preschoolers spend relatively more time in sedentary behaviors (89.6–90.9%), followed by light (4.6–7.6%), moderate (1.3–3.0%) and vigorous (0.5–2.3%) physical activity. The indoor recreation room (OR 0.20, 95%CI 0.05–0.83) and the playground (OR 0.08, 95%CI 0.00–0.80) protect four-year-old schoolchildren from highly sedentary behavior. An inverse association was found between the indoor recreation room and physical activity (OR 0.20, 95%CI 0.00–0.93) in five-year-old children. The indoor recreation room (OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.35–1.77), the playground (OR 2.82, 95%CI 1.14–6.96) and the recess (OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.35–1.77) are factors that increase the chance of six-year-old schoolchildren to be active. Conclusions: The school infrastructure and environment should be seen as strategies to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in preschool children.
Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a atividade física e o comportamento sedentário de pré-escolares durante a permanência na escola e os fatores associados. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 370 pré-escolares de 4 a 6 anos, estratificados de acordo com sexo, idade e região da escola em Londrina (PR). Foi aplicado um questionário às diretoras das pré-escolas para analisar a infraestrutura e o ambiente escolar. A atividade física e o comportamento sedentário foram estimados com acelerômetros por cinco dias consecutivos durante a permanência na escola. A razão de chances (RC) foi estimada por meio da regressão logística binária. Resultados: Na escola, independentemente da idade, os pré-escolares permanecem relativamente mais tempo em comportamento sedentário (89,6%-90,9%), seguido de atividade física leve (4,6%-7,6%), moderada (1,3%-3%) e vigorosa (0,5%-2,3%). A sala de recreação interna (RC=0,20; IC95% 0,05-0,83) e o parque (RC=0,08; IC95% 0,00-0,80) protegem os alunos de 4 anos do comportamento sedentário elevado. Associação inversa foi encontrada entre sala de recreação interna e atividade física (RC=0,20; IC95% 0,00-0,93) nos escolares de 5 anos. Sala de recreação interna (RC=1,54; IC95% 1,35-1,77), parque (RC=2,82; IC95% 1,14-6,96) e recreio (RC=1,54; IC95% 1,35-1,77) são fatores que aumentam a chance dos escolares de 6 anos de serem ativos. Conclusões: A infraestrutura e o ambiente da escola devem ser considerados como estratégias para promover a atividade física e reduzir o comportamento sedentário em pré-escolares.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Schools , Exercise , Environment , Sedentary Behavior , Brazil , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Abstract Although the tri-set system is widely adopted by athletes and experienced weight training practitioners aimed at optimizing the metabolic overload, there are still few works in literature on the effect of exercise order manipulation on this training system. Therefore, this work was aimed at investigating the effect of exercise order manipulation on the number of repeats and training volume using the tri-set system for lower limbs. This is a randomized cross-over design study. The experimental group consisted of 14 healthy men (23.53 ± 5.40 years; 24.51 ± 2.96 kg/m2). Subjects were submitted to two experimental sessions at different exercise order for lower limbs: Sequence A: squat on guided bar, leg press 45° and bilateral leg extension; sequence B: bilateral leg extension, leg press 45° and squat on guided bar. Three sets to volitional fatigue in all exercises were performed, with intensity of 75% 1RM. Superiority for sequence B in the total number of repeats (70.14 ± 13 vs 60.93 ± 7.94 repeats, p = 0.004) and total training volume (9129.64 ± 2830.05 vs 8238.29 ± 2354.20 kg, p = 0.014) was observed. Based on the above, the performance of single-joint exercises before multi-joint exercises in the tri-set system adopted for lower limbs induced higher number of repeats and total training volume.
Resumo Embora o sistema tri-set seja amplamente adotado por atletas e praticantes experientes de treinamento com pesos que buscam otimizar a sobrecarga metabólica, a literatura carece de investigações acerca do efeito da manipulação da ordem dos exercícios nesse sistema de treinamento. Sendo assim, objetivou-se investigar o efeito da manipulação da ordem dos exercícios sobre o número de repetições e volume de treino, utilizando o sistema tri-set para membros inferiores. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com delineamento cross-over aleatorizado. O grupo experimental foi composto por 14 homens saudáveis (23,53 ± 5,40 anos; 24,51 ± 2,96 kg/m2). Os avaliados foram submetidos a duas sessões experimentais em diferentes ordens de exercícios para membros inferiores: sequência A: agachamento na barra guiada, leg press 45° e cadeira extensora bilateral; sequência B: cadeira extensora bilateral, leg press 45° e agachamento na barra guiada. Foram executadas três séries até a fadiga voluntária em todos os exercícios, com intensidade de 75% de 1RM. Observou-se superioridade para a sequência B no número total de repetições (70,14 ± 13,00 vs 60,93 ± 7,94 repetições; p = 0,004) e volume total (9129,64 ± 2830,05 vs 8239,29 ± 2354,20 kg; p = 0,014). Diante do exposto, a execução de um exercício monoarticular antes de multiarticulares, no sistema tri-set adotado para membros inferiores, induziu a um maior número de repetições e volume total de treinamento.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Resistance Training/methodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze physical activity and sedentary behavior in preschool children during their stay at school and the associated factors. METHODS: 370 preschoolers, aged 4 to 6 years, stratified according to gender, age and school region in the city of Londrina, PR, participated in the study. A questionnaire was applied to principals of preschools to analyze the school infrastructure and environment. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were estimated using accelerometers for five consecutive days during the children's stay at school. The odds ratio (OR) was estimated through binary logistic regression. RESULTS: At school, regardless of age, preschoolers spend relatively more time in sedentary behaviors (89.6%-90.9%), followed by light (4.6%-7.6%), moderate (1.3%-3.0%) and vigorous (0.5%-2.3%) physical activity. The indoor recreation room (OR=0.20; 95%CI 0.05 to 0.83) and the playground (OR=0.08; 95%CI 0.00 to 0.80) protect four-year-old schoolchildren from highly sedentary behavior. An inverse association was found between the indoor recreation room and physical activity (OR=0.20; 95%CI 0.00 to 0.93) in five-year-old children. The indoor recreation room (OR=1.54; 95%CI 1.35 to 1.77), the playground (OR=2.82; 95%CI 1.14 to 6.96) and the recess (OR=1.54; 95%CI 1.35 to 1.77) are factors that increase the chance of six-year-old schoolchildren to be active. CONCLUSIONS: The school infrastructure and environment should be seen as strategies to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in preschool children.
Subject(s)
Environment , Exercise , Schools , Sedentary Behavior , Brazil , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
O rastreamento das mudanças na atividade física ao longo do tempo é importante para elaboração de intervenções para a promoção de saúde. Assim, este estudo objetiva analisar o tracking da atividade física (AF) entre 2010 e 2012 em escolares de Jacarezinho-PR. Foram investigados adolescentes do 8° ano do ensino fundamental que já tinham participado do levantamento de 2010. A amostra foi de 321 indivíduos (47% meninos). A AF foi avaliada pelo questionário de Baecke nos domínios: escolar, esportivo e lazer. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da média e desvio padrão. O teste t pareado foi empregado para comparar a AF entre os momentos e o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman para relacionar os dados obtidos em 2010 e 2012. O domínio escolar apresentou médias de AF de 2,91±0,49 e 2,40±0,51, o esportivo 2,48±0,69 e 2,26±0,56 e o lazer 2,62±0,81 e 2,59±0,74 para 2010 e 2012, respectivamente. Na correlação entre os períodos de avaliação, os meninos demostraram valores de correlação significativa entre os valores do índice total (r=0,302), enquanto o gênero feminino apresentou correlação significativa no índice esportivo (r=0,344), índice de lazer (r=0,322) e índice total (r=0,433). Diante desses achados, observa-se que o AF diminui com o avanço da idade e a prática de atividade física demonstrou baixa estabilidade temporal mesmo com o curto período de intervalo entre as avaliações, tendo como resultado o tracking baixo a moderado.
The tracking of the behavioral changes related to physical activity over time becomes very important for creation of intervention methodologies for health. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the tracking of physical activity index (PAI) between 2010 and 2012 schoolchildren from the city of Jacarezinho-PR. The population consisted of adolescents 8th grade of elementary school who had already participated in the 2010 collection of data. The sample consisted 321 group of individuals, with 151 boys. The Baecke questionary was used to evaluate the IAF fields: school, sports and leisure time. Data analysis experience was assigned descriptively using mean and standard deviation. The paired t test was used to compare the IAF between moments and the Spearman correlation coefficient to relate data obtained in 2010 and 2012. IAF The field school had 2.91 ± 0.49 and 2.40 ± 0, 51, the sporting 2.48 ± 0.69 and 2.26 ± 0.56 and 2.62 ± 0.81 for leisure and 2.59 ± 0.74 for 2010 and 2012, respectively. The correlation between the evaluation periods, the boys demonstrated a significant correlation between the values the total score (r = 0.302), while females showed a significant correlation in the sports index (r = 0.344), leisure index (r = 0.322) and the total score (r = 0.433). At this outcome, it is observed that the IAF decreases with advancing age and physical activity showed low stability even with the short interval between assessments.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Walking , Adolescent , Motor ActivityABSTRACT
Recentemente os marcadores inflamatórios tem sido alvo de inúmeras de pesquisas. Porém as formas de tratamento não medicamentoso para o controle desses marcadores não estão claros na literatura. Objetivou-se realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca do efeito crônico dos exercícios físicos sobre os marcadores inflamatórios em adolescentes com excesso de peso. Realizou-se uma busca sistemática nas bases de dados: Medline (Pubmed), Science Direct, Scopus, Sport Discus, Web of Science, Cinahl, Scielo, Lilacs e Cochrane até maio de 2014. Foi verificado que o treinamento aeróbio e o treinamento combinado como corrida, caminhada, circuito, brincadeiras e jogos são os mais utilizados nos protocolos para o controle da obesidade e inflamação. Os resultados demonstraram uma relação de dependência entre a gordura corporal e as concentrações de adiponectina, PCR e leptina em adolescentes, indicando que o treinamento físico foi eficaz na modulação dos marcadores inflamatórios apenas quando houve diminuição significativa da gordura corporal.
Recently inflammatory markers has been the subject of numerous research. However forms of non-drug treatment for the control of these markers are not clear in the literature. The objective was to conduct a systematic review of the chronic effect of exercise on inflammatory markers in overweight adolescents. Was performed a sistematic search in databases: Medline (Pubmed), Science Direct, Scopus, Sport Discus, Web of Science, Cinahl, Scielo, Lilacs e Cochrane until may 2014. It was found that aerobic training and combined training as running, circuit , play and games are the most used in the protocols for the control of obesity and inflammation. The result demonstrated a dependency relationship between body fat and the concentrations of adiponectin, CRP and leptin in adolescents. indicating that physical training was effective in the modulation of inflammatory markers only when there was a significant decrease in body fat.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare physical activity, sedentary behavior and physical fitness between full-time and part-time students. The sample consisted of 72 students (9 to 12 years), 34 of them studying full time. The subjects answered a questionnaire about physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sociodemographic characteristics. Data regarding sexual maturation, body composition and physical fitness were also collected. The results showed that girls studying full time spent less time per day in sedentary behavior compared to part-time girls (p<0.05). Analysis of anthropometric variables showed a significantly lower body fat percentage in boys studying full time. With respect to the physical fitness tests, significant differences were identified in the sit and reach test, horizontal jump, medicine ball throw and agility, with the observation of higher performance in full-time students. Similarly, girls studying full time exhibited significantly higher performance in the horizontal jump and agility tests compared to their peers. It can be concluded that full-time students spend less time in sedentary behavior and exhibit better physical fitness indices in most of the tests used, irrespective of gender.
Resumo Objetivou-se comparar a prática de atividade física, o comportamento sedentário e a aptidão física entre escolares de período integral e parcial. A amostra foi composta por 72 escolares (9 a 12 anos), sendo 34 de período integral, os quais responderam um questionário sobre atividade física, comportamento sedentário e características sóciodemográficas. Também foram coletadas informações sobre a maturação sexual, composição corporal e aptidão física dos escolares. Os dados revelaram que as meninas de período integral apresentaram menor tempo diário dispendido com comportamento sedentário em comparação às meninas de período parcial (p < 0,05). Nas variáveis antropométricas, foram encontrados valores significativamente inferiores de % Gordura para os meninos de período integral. Em relação aos testes motores, foram identificadas diferenças significativas nos testes sentar e alcançar, salto horizontal, medicine ball e quadrado, com desempenho superior para os alunos de período integral. Da mesma forma, as meninas de período integral demonstraram um desempenho significativamente superior nos testes salto horizontal e quadrado quando comparadas a seus pares. Conclui-se que os escolares de período integral apresentam menor tempo gasto em comportamento sedentário e melhores índices de aptidão física, na maioria dos testes utilizados, independentemente do gênero sexual.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of overweight and its associated factors among university students of the area of health. METHODS: The sample comprised 344 students. Body Mass Index (BMI) and associated factors were assessed from a self-report questionnaire. Students who presented BMI ≥25 kg/m² were rated overweight. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and associations were estimated by odds ratio with 95% (95% CI). The prevalence of overweight students was 23.8% overall. RESULTS: Factors associated with overweight were as follows: male (OR=3.773: CI=2.152-6.614); not living in the city where one studies (OR=1.830: CI=1.104-3.034); attending the final years of an undergraduate course (OR =1.758: CI=1.066-2.897); attending night classes (OR=1.654: CI=1.004-2.726); alcohol consumption (OR=1.676: CI=1.014-2.769); smoking (OR=3.914: CI=1.458-10.506); and working (OR=2.029: CI=1.222-3.366). CONCLUSION: The groups with the highest risk of overweight were male students who live in other cities, attend the final years, study at night, consume alcohol and tobacco, and work
OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalência de excesso de peso e os fatores associados em universitários da área da Saúde. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 344 acadêmicos. Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC) e fatores associados foram avaliados a partir de um questionário de autorrelato. Foi classificado com excesso de peso aquele estudante que tivesse IMC ≥ 25 kg/m². A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do teste qu i-quadrado e as associações foram calculadas pelo odds ratio 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: A prevalência de excesso de peso geral foi de 23,8%. Os fatores associados ao excesso de peso foram: ser do sexo masculino (OR = 3,773: IC = 2,152-6,614); não morar na cidade em que estuda (OR = 1,830: IC = 1,104-3,034); estar cursando as séries finais do curso de graduação (OR = 1,758: IC = 1,066-2,897), estudar no período noturno (OR = 1,654: IC = 1,004-2,726), consumir bebidas alcoólicas (OR = 1,676: IC = 1,014-2,769), fumar (OR = 3,914: IC = 1,458-10,506) e trabalhar (OR = 2,029: IC = 1,222-3,366). CONCLUSÃO: Os grupos com maior risco de excesso de peso foram estudantes do sexo masculino, que vivem em outras cidades, participam de séries de estudo finais, à noite, consomem álcool, usam tabaco e trabalham
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Overweight/diagnosis , Overweight/epidemiology , Overweight/prevention & control , Students, Health Occupations/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
A força muscular é um importante componente da aptidão física relacionada à saúde e ao desempenho, porém, na adolescência esta variável pode sofrer influencia de diversos fatores, dificultando assim, a análise dos resultados. Assim, objetivou-se correlacionar força muscular com indicadores ntropométricos, estágio maturacional, testes neuromotores em adolescentes de ambos os sexos. A amostra foi composta por 12 meninos (14,08±1,40 anos) e nove meninas (14,12±0,58 anos). Para avaliação da força muscular de flexão e extensão do joelho (FJ e EJ respectivamente) foi utilizado dinamômetro isocinético da marca Biodex®, seguindo um protocolo com as velocidades de 60° e 300°/s, sendo estes movimentos realizados pelo membro dominante. A composição corporal foi estimada seguindo as equações de Slaughter. Os testes motores utilizados foram: teste de impulsão horizontal, corrida de 50 metros e teste de Legér. A maturação biológica foi avaliada através da maturação sexual por meio do método auto-relatado. Os resultados mostram que a massa magra correlacionou significativamente com extensão e flexão de joelhos a 300º/s para ambos os gêneros (0,751 e 0,628 para meninos e 0,925 e 0,848 para meninas. Além disso, foram observadas correlações significativas nos meninos na extensão e flexão do joelho a 60º/s com impulsão horizontal (0,899 e 0,804, respectivamente) e teste de 50 metros (0,813 e 0,747, respectivamente). Os resultados apresentados indicam que existe uma influência multifatorial na força muscular de adolescentes, mostrando a necessidade de se considerar os aspectos morfológicos e maturacionais na análise dos resultados.(AU)
Muscle strength is an important component of physical fitness for health and performance, however, this variable during adolescence may suffer influences of various factors, thus complicating the analysis of the results. Was aimed to correlate muscle strength with anthropometric indicators, maturational stage, neuromotor tests in adolescents of both sexes. The sample consisted of 12 boys (14.08 ± 1.40 years) and nine girls (14.12 ± 0.58 years). To evaluate the muscular strength of knee flexion and extension (FJ and EJ respectively) was used isokinetic dynamometer Biodex® brand, following a protocol with speeds of 60° and 300°/sec, and these movements performed by the dominant limb. Body composition was estimated following the equations of Slaughter. The motor tests used were: standing long jump test, 50-meter sprint and Legér test. Biological maturation was evaluated by the sexual maturation by means of self-reported method. Lean mass correlated significantly with extension and knee flexion at 300°/s for both genders (0.751 and 0.628 for boys and 0.925 and 0.848 for girls. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed among boys in extension and flexion of the knee 60°/s with horizontal impulse (0.899 and 0.804, respectively) and 50 yards (0.813 and 0.747, respectively) test. The results indicate that there is a multifactorial influence muscle strength in adolescents, indicating the need to consider the morphological and maturational aspects when analyzing the results.(AU)