Outcome of different endovascular modalities to treat common iliac artery aneurysms, single center study.

INTRODUCTION: Iliac aneurysms occur in 10% of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). There are three different endovascular approaches to their treatment in the context of infrarenal Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): occlusion by coiling the internal iliac, incorporation using an iliac branch device, and delaying repair using a bell bottom limb. We sought to determine outcomes associated with these three strategies in our practice. METHODOLOGY: The study was a combined prospective cohort study with a retrospective arm: prospective patient recruitment was done for 1 year from September 2019 and ended by September 2020, and retrospective data was collected from 2017 to 2019. Demographic, procedural, and imaging data was collected. SPSS was used to analyze data as patients were classified by limbs in four groups: iliac branched, bell bottom, coil and cover technique, and standard treated limbs. RESULTS: There were 65 male and 4 female patients included in this study incorporating 137 limbs with a mean age of 78 years (SD ± 8 years). Two patients died after discharge (at 3 and 21 months postoperatively, without hospital admission) and five patients were lost to long-term follow-up. Three patients had operations that deviated from the plan: one was an IBD converted to bell bottom, one was an IBD that was converted to coil and cover, and one was a bell bottom that did not seal. Follow-up revealed late type IB endoleak in three bell bottom limbs and one limb treated with coil and cover. Common iliac occlusion occurred in one IBD, three bell bottom limbs, and two limbs treated with coil/cover technique. There were four additional ischemic events (buttock claudication in three and intestinal ischemia in one): all ischemic events occurred in the coil and cover group (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Given the small population size examined in this study, there is no statistical difference between treatment groups; however, there was a trend toward bell bottom technique being associated with higher incidence of type IB endoleak. Coil and cover technique was associated with decreased IB endoleak; however, Buttock claudication and intestinal ischemia occurred more significantly in this group. Using IBD may be the best strategy to improve short- and long-term outcomes in patients with iliac aneurysms.

Surgery Is the Last Resort for Huge Scrotal Lymphedema: A Series of Challenging Cases.

We aim to provide our surgical techniques, and outcomes of functional scrotal reduction procedures with complete preservation of the genitourinary original anatomy in a simple way without using complicated skin grafting or skin advancement flaps in Patients with huge and long-standing scrotal lymphedema 18 patients ages ranged from 14-65 with a median of 30 years. Functional scrotal and penoscrotal reduction was attained in all cases, without distortion of the genitourinary anatomy and without the need for advancement, rotational or free flaps, maximal scrotal diameter was reduced from median of 61[48-92] cms to a median of 25[21-29] cms ( P <0.0001) and remained almost unchanged at the end of the follow up period 26[22-34] cms ( P <0.0001). Sexual performance and voiding capacity were improved in all patients, testicular vascularity was unaffected and the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) for the quality of life showed marked enhancement in the total 55.5[50-72], general 55.5[50-72], social 100[50-100] and physical 16.6[16-33] points subscales. According to our experience, surgery remains the gold standard treatment for management of huge scrotal lymphedema, successful preservation of the genitourinary functions can be attained despite the size in most cases with excellent cosmoses.

Surgical Management of Cirsoid Aneurysms of the Scalp: Ten Years' Experience.

OBJECTIVE: Cirsoid aneurysms are rare arteriovenous malformations of the scalp that present with disfigured pulsatile masses and may be associated with headache, bleeding, or tinnitus. These lesions are difficult to manage because of their complex vascular anatomy, high shunt flow, and cosmetic disfigurement; many options have been described to treat such lesions. We evaluate 10 years' experience in the surgical management of cirsoid aneurysms of the scalp. METHODS: This study included 15 patients with cirsoid aneurysm of the scalp, all of whom were treated with surgical excision only over 10 years. They were 8 females and 7 males, with a median age of 23 years. History of trauma was present in 5 patients. Frontal and parietal regions were the commonly affected sites. Superficial temporal, supraorbital, and occipital arteries were the most frequent feeding arteries. RESULTS: Excision of the lesion was performed in all patients using our modified surgical technique. All patients had good cosmetic results and there were no recurrences during an average follow-up of 25 months. CONCLUSIONS: Despite great progress in endovascular therapy, surgical excision of cirsoid aneurysms of the scalp seems to be the most effective treatment, with good results and patient satisfaction.

Giant scrotal swelling in association with a congenital giant melanocytic nevus: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Scrotal lymphedema is a rare condition, with significant psychological and functional disability. To date, association with giant congenital melanocytic nevus has not been reported. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 15-year-old male with a giant congenital nevus associated with giant scrotal lymphedema. Surgical debulking with penoscrotoplasty achieved satisfactory functional and esthetic results. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis and surgical intervention should be advocated for congenital causes of large scrotal swelling.

Surgical management of giant scrotal lymphedema in morbidly obese patient with trisomy 21.

Huge scrotal lymphedema is a rare problem that affects the patient's lifestyle and leads to physical and emotional disability. It also carries potential challenges for the treating surgeon, especially if the patient is noncompliant or morbidly obese. A 21-year-old morbidly obese trisomy 21 man with huge scrotal lymphedema and buried penis that developed within 2 years presented for excision scrotoplasty with reconstruction of the penis using the original invaginated penile skin. Giant scrotal lymphedema with buried penis can be treated successfully by excision scrotoplasty with preservation of the invaginated healthy penile skin to reconstruct the penis.

Predictors of Long-Term Outcome of Thoracic Sympathectomy in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 2.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Long-term results of sympathectomy in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type 2 varies widely among studies due to nonspecific or vague criteria of diagnosis and absence of outcome predictors that help good patient selection. The objective was to determine the predictors of long-term outcome of sympathectomy in patients with upper limb CRPS type 2. METHODS: A retrospective cohort, in which those who underwent thoracic sympathectomy for upper limb CRPS type 2 from 2007 to 2014, were included. Demographic and clinical data of patients, in addition to stellate ganglion block (SGB) details and percent of pain relief at the end of follow-up, were collected and used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Our study included 53 patients, with a mean age of 47 ± 7 years, and 60% females. Using bivariate correlations; age, sex, nerve injured, type of injury, and occupation were not significantly correlated to outcome. Multiple linear regression analysis of correlated variables revealed that duration of pain relief after SGB and degree of sympathetic overactivity were positive predictors (ß = 0.286, P = 0.027, and ß = 0.257, P = 0.003, respectively), whereas presence of allodynia was a negative predictor (ß = -0.280, P = 0.041) of the final pain relief. Final pain relief was better in those patients who experienced extended relief of their pain >2 days after SGB (P = 0.001, Kruskal Wallis test). CONCLUSIONS: Thoracic sympathectomy may prove more effective than reported in carefully selected CRPS patients with prominent sympathetic overactivity, no or early allodynia, and pain relief >2 days after SGB.

Unusual vascular access for hemodialysis: transposed venae comitante of the brachial artery.

The National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines favor autogenous vein for arteriovenous fistulas. This report describes our technique and results of arteriovenous fistulas between brachial artery and its transposed venae comitantes. The procedure was done in two stages, first anastomosis between brachial artery at the elbow and one of its venae comitantes and, 1 month later, transposition of the vein to a subcutaneous tunnel. The study included 21 patients (15 males, six females), nine of whom were diabetic, with a mean age of 53 years. The cumulative primary patency rate was (75.89%) at 1 year and (55.34%) at 2 years. Complications developed in 11/21 fistulas, including thrombosis, infection, aneurysm formation, and nonmaturation of the vein. Brachial artery to its transposed venae comitante fistula is an alternative access which can be used as a tertiary autogenous access.