ABSTRACT
A 66-year-old man presented with a long history of recurrent attacks of urinary retention and lower urinary tract symptoms. Flexible cystoscopy showed a urethral stricture. Follow-up cystoscopy 7 years later for recurrent symptoms demonstrated unusual extensive mucosal brown to black pigmentation, which proved histopathologically to be a simple bladder melanosis. Follow-up demonstrated complete resolution over a period of 1 year with no specific treatment. In this report, we highlighted a rare bladder abnormality with uncertain natural history.
Subject(s)
Melanosis/pathology , Urinary Bladder Diseases/pathology , Aged , Cystoscopy , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/etiology , Male , Melanosis/diagnosis , Remission, Spontaneous , Urethral Stricture/diagnosis , Urinary Bladder Diseases/diagnosis , Urinary Retention/etiologyABSTRACT
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography urography has become possible because of the development of multidetector technology, which has evolved to try and increase its diagnostic efficacy and reduce the radiation exposure. This review highlights important aspects of computed tomography urography as an imaging technique.
Subject(s)
Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Urography/instrumentation , Urography/methods , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Contrast Media , Humans , Urologic Diseases/etiology , Urologic Diseases/therapyABSTRACT
Alkaline encrusted cystitis is a chronic inflammatory condition. It is rare now because of appropriate antibiotics. It is a challenging situation with regard to its diagnosis and management. We are presenting an interesting case of alkaline cystitis post transurethral resection of prostate. The management includes careful acidification of urine, curettage of calcified material, and appropriate antibiotics.
ABSTRACT
We are presenting an interesting case of impacted stone and stent in a pregnant patient. We have proved safe use of ureteroscopy and laser in pregnancy with minimal x-ray exposure.
ABSTRACT
Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) is a rare urological emergency. It is usually secondary to an underlying pathology. An idiopathic entity has not been reported in the literature. We report a case of idiopathic SRUB in a young female presented with abdominal pain and acute renal injury in the absence of prior trauma. We have conducted a literature review to identify commonly reported etiologies. SRUB is usually secondary to an underlying pathology, but in extremely rare cases it can be idiopathic.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Detrusor instability is a common problem in the elderly, which is usually treated with anti-cholinergic medication. This study investigates the effect of erythromycin on rat detrusor muscle contractile response to characterise its potential as an alternative inhibitor of bladder muscle contraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Strips of rat detrusor muscle were suspended in a perfusion organ bath. The contractile response to direct muscle stimulation, electrical field stimulation (EFS, 0.5-60 Hz), carbachol (10(-5) M), and potassium (10-80 x 10(-3) M) were determined before and after the addition of erythromycin (10(-4)-10(-3) M). The contractile response to carbachol (10(-5) M) in the presence of nifedipine (10(-8) or 10(-6) M) or in calcium-free Kreb's solution was also determined in the absence and presence of erythromycin. RESULTS: Erythromycin 5 x 10(-4) M inhibited the maximum contractile response to EFS, carbachol, and potassium by 38% (P < 0.01), 62% (P < 0.001), and 17% (P < 0.05), respectively, but did not significantly reduce the response to direct muscle stimulation. The atropine-resistant component of EFS-evoked contraction was inhibited by 19.5% (P < 0.01) in the presence of erythromycin. In calcium-free Krebs solution, the maximum contractile response to carbachol was reduced by 42% of control (P < 0.0001) and nifedipine 10(-8) M had no additional effect. When erythromycin 5 x 10(-4) M was added together with nifedipine 10(-8) M, the response to carbachol was inhibited by a further 25% (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Erythromycin inhibits rat detrusor muscle contraction through the inhibition of calcium influx and the modulation of intracellular calcium movement.
