ABSTRACT
The study of host response in periodontal disease may provide a mechanism to monitor disease progression. the purpose of the present research was to determine the levels of IL-1alfa, IL-1beta, TNF-alfa, IL-6, IL-6sR, IL-8, IL-10, MMP-3 and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) in order to evaluate therapy response. methodology: eleven patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and eleven healthy subjects were selected for this study. clinical measurements, including probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were carried out in patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and periodontal healthy controls. the clinical indexes evaluated were: gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI). samples of GCF were taken from one tooth per quadrant before and 45 days after NSPT. the levels of inflammatory mediators were measured by ELISA. results: the values of all clinical parameters decressed significsntly after treatment. the concentration levels of all cytokines and MMP-3 and MMP-8 in the GCF sample were higher in patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis compared to the healthy group. all inflammatory mediators decreased after therapy, but did not reach control values; IL-6, Il-6sR, IL-10 and TNF-alfa, attained the highest reduction (70 percent -54 percent); the vales of MMP3, IL-1alfa, IL-1beta and IL-8 were reduced between 50 percent 34 percent; and MMP-8 showed the lowest decrease (28 percent). conclusion: all clinical parameters and cytokines levels decreased after NSPT. the mediators TNF-alfa IL-6, IL-6sR, and IL-10 showed the largest variation between before and after NSPT and could thus be used to evaluate therapy response.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/immunology , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/microbiology , Chronic Periodontitis/metabolism , Biomarkers , Prospective Studies , Interleukin-8 , Interleukin-6 , Interleukin-1 , Interleukin-10ABSTRACT
El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el nivel de información que poseen los odontólogos periodoncistas con respecto a la aparición de hipersensibilidad dentinaria posterior a los procedimientos quirúrgicos, identificar cuál es la cirugía que más la genera, así como los tratamientos más utilizados en el manejo de la entidad. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de campo, de tipo descriptivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 86 periodoncistasque corresponden al 30 por cienot de la población que integra la Sociedad Venezolana de Periodontología. La información se recolectó con un instrumento tipo encuesta. Resultados: El 89,53 por ciento manifestó que sus pacientes refieren hipersensibilidaddentinaria posterior a la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos periodontales. La cirugía para reducción de sacos ocupó el primer lugar en generar hipersensibilidaddentinaria con un 57,14 por ciento. Un 96.10 por ciento de los especialistas entrevistados confirmó la utilización de algún tratamiento para la hipersensibilidad dentinaria. En relación a el tratamiento más utilizado, el 53,24 por ciento aplicó pastas desensibilizantes posterior a la fase periodontal quirúrgica. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación indican que el nivel de información que poseen los profesionales de la periodontología en relación a la hipersensibilidaddentinaria posterior a la cirugía periodontal es elevado debido a la alta prevalencia de esta afección en la población tratada. El procedimiento quirúrgico más asociado a la hipersensibilidad dentinaria fue la cirugía para reducción de sacos. La aplicación de pastas desensibilizantes fue el tratamiento más utilizado paracontrolarla.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Dentin Sensitivity/epidemiology , Dentin Sensitivity/etiology , Dentin Sensitivity/therapy , Periodontal Diseases/surgery , Periodontics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dentifrices/therapeutic use , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Health Surveys/methods , Oral Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Societies, Dental , Data Interpretation, Statistical , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Abstract: objective: to detect the presence of infection by EBV (Epstein-Barr Virus), CMV (Cytomegalovirus) and HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus type 1) in subgingival samples from HIV- positive patients under HAART (High Activity Antiretroviral Therapy), HIV- positive patients without HAART, HIV-negative patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy controls. Methodology: Crevicular fluid samples of 11 HIV+ patients on therapy were evaluated, 6 without antiretroviral therapy, 7 HIV- negative subjects with chronic periodontitis and 7 periodontally-healthy controls. PI (Plaque index), GI (Gingival Index), PD (probing depth) and CAL (Clinical Attachment Loss) were registered at six sites per each tooth in all teeth and subgingival plaque samples of a tooth were collected per quadrant. Nested PCR was used to detect EBV and endpoint PCR to detect infection by CMV and HSV-1. Results: Clinical parameters showed statistically significant differences between HIV-positive patients and subjects with chronic periodontitis compared with the control group (p<0.05). DNA of EBV was detected mainly in HIV-positive patients under HAART, 91 percent (10/11). DNA of CMV was detected mainly in patients without HAART, 67 percent (4/6), while HSV-1 was observed in 27 percent (3/11) of patients under HAART. In the control group no virus was detected. Coinfection was observed in 50 percent of HIV patients without HAART, 36 percent of HIV patients with HAART and 14 percent of HIV-negative with chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: Viral infection was prevalent in HIV patients under HAART and EBV was the primary viral infection detected in HIV-positive patients with chronic periodontitis.
Resumen: detectar la presencia de infección por VEB (Virus Epstein-Barr), CMV (Citomegalovirus) y VHS-1 (Virus Herpes simple tipo 1) en muestras subgingivales de pacientes VIH-positivos bajo HAART (Terapia Anti Retroviral de Alta Actividad), VIH-positivos sin HAART, pacientes VIH-negativos con periodontitis crónica y controles sanos. Metodología: Se evaluaron muestras de fluido crevicular de 11 pacientes VIH+ bajo terapia, 6 sin terapia antiretroviral, 7 sujetos VIHnegativo con periodontitis crónica y 7 controles periodontalmente sanos. Se registró el IP (Índice de placa), IG (Índice Gingival), PS (Profundidad del Sondaje) y NIC (Nivel de Inserción Clínica) en seis sitios por diente en todos los dientes y se recolectaron muestras de placa subgingival de un diente por cuadrante. Se empleó PCR anidada para detectar VEB y PCR punto final para identificar la infección con CMV y VHS-1. Resultados: Los parámetros clínicos mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre pacientes VIH-positivos y sujetos con periodontitis crónica comparados con el grupo control (p<0.05). El ADN de EBV fue detectado principalmente en pacientes VIH-positivos bajo HAART con 91 por ciento (10/11). El ADN de CMV se detectó principalmente en pacientes sin HAART, 67 por ciento (4/6), mientras que VHS-1 se observó en 27 por ciento (3/11) de los pacientes bajo HAART. En el grupo control no se detectó ningún virus. La coinfección fue observada en 50 por ciento de los pacientes VIH sin HAART, 36 por ciento de los VIH con HAART y 14 por ciento de los VIH negativos con periodontitis crónica. Conclusión: La infección viral fue predominante en los pacientes VIH bajo HAART y VEB fue la principal infección viral detectada en los pacientes VIH positivos y con periodontitis crónica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Periodontitis/virology , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , Gingiva/virology , Herpesvirus 1, Human/isolation & purification , /isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The purpose of the present research was to determine the levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-6sR, IL-8, IL-10, MMP-3 and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with chronic periodontitis. Clinical measurements were carried out in 20 patients with chronic periodontitis and 11 periodontally healthy controls. The clinical indexes evaluated were: gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL); the measurements were taken at six sites per tooth in all teeth in each subject. GCF samples were taken from one tooth per quadrant, and the levels of mediators were measured using an ELISA test. Statistically significant differences were observed between patients and control group in relation to all clinical parameters evaluated (p<0.05). The gingival concentrations, in pg/mL, of IL-1α (patients: 239.06 ± 65.5 vs control: 97.79 ± 15.81), IL-1β (patients: 157.19 ± 36.4 vs control: 63.44 ± 19.04), TNF-α (patients: 10.87 ± 1.7 vs control: 1.15 ± 0.84), IL-6 (patients: 3.77 ±1.7 vs control: 0.43 ± 0.22), IL-6Sr (patients: 655.59 ± 185.8 vs control: 73.59 ± 23.18), IL-8 (patients: 496.3 ± 155.3 vs control: 206.13 ± 46.63), IL-10 (patients: 10.75 ± 3.6 vs control: 2.41 ± 0.57), MMP-3 (patients: 3531 ± 1558.2 vs control: 724.84 ± 289.51) and MMP-8 (patients: 8231.70± 1279.2 vs control: 1534.67± 814.90) were significantly greater in patients with periodontal disease than in the control group (p<0.001). The higher levels of the cytokines and metalloproteinases obtained in this study were significantly associated with the severity of the periodontal disease.
El propósito de la presente investigación fue determinar los niveles de IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-6sR, IL-8, IL-10, MMP-3 and MMP-8 en fluido gingival crevicular (FGC) de sujetos con periodontitis crónica. Se evaluaron los parámetros clínicos en 20 pacientes con periodontitis crónica y 11 controles periodontalmente sanos. Los índices clínicos evaluados fueron: indice gingival (IG), indice de placa dental (IP), sangramiento al sondaje (SS), profundidad del saco (PS) y nivel de inserción (NI). Las muestras de FGC fueron tomadas de un diente por cada cuadrante y los niveles de los mediadores fueron medidos utilizando la prueba de ELISA. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los pacientes y el grupo control en relación a todos los parámetros clínicos evaluados (p<0,05). Las concentraciones en fluido gingival en pg/mL de IL-1α(pacientes: 239,06 ± 65,5 vs control: 97,79 ± 15,81), IL-1β (pacientes: 157,19 ± 36,4 vs control: 63,44 ± 19,04), TNF-α (pacientes: 10,87 ± 1,7 vs control: 1,15 ± 0,84), IL-6 (pacientes: 3,77 ±1,7 vs control: 0,43 ± 0,22), IL-6Sr (pacientes: 655,59 ± 185,8 vs control: 73,59 ± 23,18), IL-8 (pacientes: 496,3 ± 155,3 vs control: 206,13 ± 46,63), IL-10 (pacientes: 10,75 ± 3.6 vs control: 2,41 ± 0,57), MMP-3 (pacientes: 3531 ± 1558,2 vs control: 724,84 ± 289,51) and MMP-8 (pacientes: 8231,70± 1279,2 vs control: 1534,67± 814,90), estuvieron significativamente mayores en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal que en el grupo control. (p<0,001). Los niveles elevados de citocinas y metaloproteinasas obtenidos en este estudio estuvieron significativamente asociados con la severidad de la enfermedad periodontal.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Cytokines/analysis , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry , Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/analysis , Matrix Metalloproteinase 8/analysis , Chronic Periodontitis/metabolismABSTRACT
The purpose of the present research was to determine the levels of IL- 1a, IL- 1 P, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-6sR, IL-8, IL-10, MMP-3 and EMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with chronic periodontitis. Clinical measurements were carried out in 20 patients with chronic periodontitis and 11 periodontally healthy controls. The clinical indexes evalua- ted were: gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL); the measurements were taken at six sites per tooth in all teeth in each subject. GCF samples were taken from one tooth per quadrant, and the levels of mediators were measured using an ELISA test. Statistically significant differences were observed between patients and control group in relation to all clinical parameters evaluated (p<0.05). The gingival concentrations, in pg/mL, of IL-la (patients: 239.06 ± 65.5 vs control: 97.79 ± 15.81), IL-10 (patients: 157.19 ± 36.4 vs control: 63.44 ± 19.04), TNF-a (patients: 10.87 ± 1.7 vs control: 1.15 ± 0.84), IL-6 (patients: 3.77 ± 1.7 vs control: 0.43 ± 0.22), IL-6Sr (patients: 655.59 ± 185.8 vs control: 73.59 ± 23.18), IL-8 (patients: 496.3 ± 155.3 vs control: 206.13 ± 46.63), IL-10 (patients: 10.75 ± 3.6 vs control: 2.41 ± 0.57), MMP-3 (patients: 3531 ± 1558.2 vs control: 724.84 ± 289.51) and MMiP-8 (patients: 8231.70 ± 1279.2 vs control: 1534.67± 814.90) were significantly greater in patients with periodontal disease than in the control group (p<0.00 1). The higher levels of the cytokines and metalloproteinases obtained in this study were significantly associated with the severity of the periodontal disease.
Subject(s)
Chronic Periodontitis/metabolism , Cytokines/analysis , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry , Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/analysis , Matrix Metalloproteinase 8/analysis , Adult , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Immune-inflammatory processes are trigged in chronic periodontitis (CP), where matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are released and involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix components that can be detected in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The purpose of the study was to determine the levels of MMP-3 and MMP-8 in GCF, before and after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), to evaluate disease activity and therapy response. Eleven patients with PC and eleven healthy controls were selected. Clinical measurements to evaluate gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were made in all the teeth of each individual and in six sites per tooth. GCF samples were taken from one tooth per quadrant, with a pocket depth > or =4 mm and a clinical attachment loss > or =5 mm, and the levels of MMP-3 and MMP-8 measured using an ELISA test. Statistically significant differences in clinical parameters were observed (p < 0.05) between patients with CP and control groups before the periodontal treatment, with significant decrease in all indexes after the NSPT. The initial concentrations of MMP-3 and MMP-8 were significantly higher than those obtained after the NSPT and in the control group, without observing a correlation between the clinical parameters and the levels of MMPs. Increased levels of MMP-3 and MMP-8 in the GCF of patients with PC declined significantly after NSPT, and the difference between the levels in healthy individuals and patients, suggests the important participation of these MMPs in tissue destruction in PC disease..
Subject(s)
Gingival Crevicular Fluid/enzymology , Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/analysis , Matrix Metalloproteinase 8/analysis , Periodontitis/enzymology , Adult , Biomarkers , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Periodontal Index , Periodontitis/therapyABSTRACT
En la periodontitis crónica (PC) se desencadenan procesos inmunoinflamatorios, donde se liberan metaloproteinasas de la matriz (MMPs), enzimas involucradas en la degradación de la matriz extracelular, las cuales pueden ser detectadas en el fluido gingival crevicular (FGC). El propósito del estudio fue determinar los niveles de MMP-3 y MMP-8 en FGC, antes y después del tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico (TPNQ) para evaluar actividad de la enfermedad y respuesta terapéutica. Once pacientes con periodontitis crónica y 11 controles sanos fueron seleccionados. Se evaluaron los parámetros clínicos: índice gingival, índice de placa, profundidad al sondaje y pérdida de inserción; en todos los dientes de cada individuo y en seis sitios por diente. Muestras de FGC fueron tomadas de un diente por cuadrante, con profundidad de saco ≥ 4mm y pérdida de inserción ≥ 5 mm, los niveles de MMP-3 y MMP-8 fueron determinados por ELISA. Diferencias estadísticamente significativas fueron observadas entre los parámetros clínicos del grupo control y los pacientes con PC antes del tratamiento, registrándose posterior al TPNQ disminución significativa de todos los índices. Las concentraciones iniciales de MMP-3 y 8 en el grupo con PC fueron significativamente mayores a las obtenidas luego del TPNQ y en el grupo control, sin observar correlación entre parámetros clínicos y niveles de MMPs. La disminución significativa de los valores de MMP-3 y 8 en FGC de los pacientes con PC, posterior al TPNQ, indican la participación importante de estas enzimas en la degradación del tejido, y la efectividad del tratamiento periodontal para su control.
Immune-inflammatory processes are trigged in chronic periodontitis (CP), where matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are released and involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix components that can be detected in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The purpose of the study was to determine the levels of MMP-3 and MMP-8 in GCF, before and after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), to evaluate disease activity and therapy response. Eleven patients with PC and eleven healthy controls were selected. Clinical measurements to evaluate gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were made in all the teeth of each individual and in six sites per tooth. GCF samples were taken from one tooth per quadrant, with a pocket depth ≥ 4 mm and a clinical attachment loss ≥ 5 mm, and the levels of MMP-3 and MMP-8 measured using an ELISA test. Statistically significant differences in clinical parameters were observed (p < 0.05) between patients with CP and control groups before the periodontal treatment, with significant decrease in all indexes after the NSPT. The initial concentrations of MMP-3 and MMP-8 were significantly higher than those obtained after the NSPT and in the control group, without observing a correlation between the clinical parameters and the levels of MMPs. Increased levels of MMP-3 and MMP-8 in the GCF of patients with PC declined significantly after NSPT, and the difference between the levels in healthy individuals and patients, suggests the important participation of these MMPs in tissue destruction in PC disease.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/enzymology , /analysis , /analysis , Periodontitis/enzymology , Biomarkers , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Periodontal Index , Periodontitis/therapyABSTRACT
Determinar las variaciones de la temperatura corporal, proteína C reactiva (PCR) y los niveles de Interleuquina 6 (IL-6) luego de la odontectomía de los terceros molares. Se seleccionaron 20 pacientes del Postgrado de Cirugía Bucal de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, con indicación de extracción de los terceros molares retenidos y los cuales autorizaron por escrito su participación en el estudio. Los niveles de IL-6 fueron medidos por la prueba de ELISA, utilizando muestras de fluido crevicular gingival tomadas con puntas de papel estéril # 35, a las 0, 24, 48 horas y 7 días. Se realizó el registro de la temperatura corporal a las 0, 24, 48 horas y a los 7 días posteriores a la realización de la cirugía. Adicionalmente, se instruyó a los pacientes para la toma de la temperatura corporal cada 4 horas durante tres días consecutivos. Los niveles séricos de PCR se realizaron al tiempo 0 y a las 48 horas posteriores al acto quirúrgico. Se observó un aumento estadísticamente significativo en los niveles de IL-6, temperatura corporal y PCR luego de la odontectomía de los terceros molares. La elevación de la IL-6 se correlacionó en forma significativa con el incremento en la temperatura corporal y de la proteína C reactiva. La temperatura corporal, la IL-6 y la PCR aumentaron de manera directamente proporcional posterior al acto quirúrgico y en relación al trauma.
To determine variations in core body temperature, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukine-6 (IL-6) after surgical removal of third molars. Twenty patients who attended at the Oral Surgery Post grade in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Central de Venezuela, for the extraction of the third molars. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid were collected with paper point # 35 at 0; 24 and 48 hours and at seventh day following to surgery, in order to measure IL-6 levels using ELISA test. The core body temperature was recorded at 0; 24; 48 hours and at 7th day after surgery. Additionally, the patients were instructed to register their temperature every 4 hours during three consecutive days. The CRP values were measured at time 0 and 48 hours later. Increase in IL-6, CRP and core body temperature values were observed after surgical extraction of third molars. The elevation of IL-6 was significantly correlated with the increase in CRP and body temperature. The core body temperature, IL-6 and CRP levels increased after surgical removal of third molars and were associated with the tissue damage.
Subject(s)
Humans , C-Reactive Protein , Cytokines/administration & dosage , Cytokines/therapeutic use , /administration & dosage , /therapeutic use , Body Temperature , Molar, Third/surgery , DentistryABSTRACT
Evidence suggests that viruses may be involved in the activation of periodontal disease, allowing the overgrowth of periodontal pathogens. The purpose of the present study was to detect the presence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in HIV+ Venezuelan patients with periodontal disease. We evaluated GCF samples from 20 HIV+ patients with periodontal disease from the Infectious Disease Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Central University of Venezuela, and were clinically examined to establish their periodontal conditions, 13 under HAART (antiretroviral therapy) and 7 without HAART. Seven seronegative patients with chronic periodontitis and 7 seronegative patients, without periodontal disease were included. DNA extraction was performed, the consensus primers MY09 and MY11 for the HPV L1 region were used for PCR amplification. Genotipification was made for the 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 45 genotypes. HPV were detected in 46% of HIV+ patients under therapy. The CD4 cell counts in the IIPV+ patients were not significantly different from the HPV-group. The viral load in the HPV+ group was significantly higher (200,470 +/- 324,244 copy/mL) than in the HPV-patients (10,246 +/- 23,805 copy/mL). Genotypes 6 and 11 were observed in the HPV positive samples, of which 4/6 (66.6%) presented coinfection with both types. No significant differences in the periodontal conditions were observed between patients with IIPV-HIV infection related to patients with only HIV. HPV was detected only in the gingival crevicular fluid of HIV+ patients under HAART independently of the periodontal conditions.
Subject(s)
Alphapapillomavirus/isolation & purification , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/virology , HIV Infections/virology , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Periodontitis/virology , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Chronic Disease , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Periodontal Index , Periodontitis/epidemiology , Venezuela/epidemiology , Viral Load , Viremia/virologyABSTRACT
La hipersensibilidad dentinaria se caracteriza por un dolor breve y agudo ocasionado por la exposición de la dentina a estímulos típicamente térmicos, táctiles, osmóticos, químicos o aquellos que producen evaporación del líquido dentinario, que no puede ser atribuido a ninguna forma de patología o defecto dental. Se considera de etiología multifactorial. La teoría que mejor explica la aparición del la sensibilidad dentinaria es la hidrodinámica propuesta por Brannström. Los factores etiológicos mas relacionados a la hipersensibilidad dentinaria son: El raspado y alisado radicular, colocación de restauraciones adhesivas, la erosión dental, la abrasión, la abfracción y el blanqueamiento.
The dentinary hipersensitivity is caracterizad by ana cute and short duration pain produced by the exposition of dentine to termal, evaporatorios, tactile, osmotic or chemical stimulants, that can not be atribuited to any pathology or dental detect. It is considerated to have a multifactorial etiology. The theory that best explains the aparition of dentinary sensibility is the hydrodinamic one proponed by Brannström. The etiological factors mostly related to dentinary hypersensitivity are: root planning treatment, adhesive restorations, dental erosion, abrasion, abfraction and whitening.
ABSTRACT
Evaluar la frecuencia de la hipersensibilidad dentinaria posterior al tratamiento de raspado y alisado radicular. De un universo total de 49 sujetos que asistieron al a Postgrado de Periodoncia de la Universidad Central de Venezuela entre el 01 de abril y el 30 de mayo de 2005, se seleccionaron 14 pacientes basándose en los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. A cada individuo se le realizó una encuesta constituida por 9 preguntas cuyo objetivo principal fue determinar la presencia o no de hipersensibilidad dentinaria antes y después de realizarse el raspado y alisado radicular. El 71 por ciento de los pacientes presentó hipersensibilidad después de realizado el raspado y alisado radicular. El 60 por ciento consideró que esta hipersensibilidad era leve y el 90 por ciento lo asoció al estímulo frío. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación; se puede sugerir que en la población estudiada el raspado y alisado radicular pudiera ser un factor causante de hipersensibilidad dentinaria
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Dentinal Hypersensitivity after a root planning treatment. From a total of 49 individuals that assisted to Periodontal Program at the Central University of Venezuela between April 01 to May 30 2005, 14 patients were selected following the including and excluding criteria. To each of the participants a questionnaire was given in order to determine the presence or absence of Dentinal Hypersensitivity before and after the treatment. 71 percent of the patients showed Dentinal Hypersensitive after root planning treatment, 60 percent reported a mild Hypersensitivity and 90 percent of the total sample indicated that cool was the main stimulus that trigged the symptom. These results suggested that the root planning treatment could be associated with Dentinal Hypersensitivity in the study population
Subject(s)
Humans , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Dental Scaling/adverse effects , Dentin Sensitivity/pathologyABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the periodontal conditions and the distribution of Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in a group of HIV-infected patients undergoing anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and in an HIV-seronegative group. The study sample comprised thirty-two (32) HIV positive patients distributed in two groups (11 HIV+ without HAART and 21 HIV+ with HAART) and 16 HIV seronegative patients. Plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were evaluated at six sites per tooth in all teeth. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from one tooth per quadrant with pocket depth > 4 mm and attachment level > 5 mm. and then analyzed by PCR. The mean value of PI, GI, and CAL of the HIV-infected patients undergoing or not HAART- and the control group were similar the PD was higher in the control group. LGE was observed only in the HIV-infected group and NUP in the HIV+ without HAART therapy. The control group and the total HIV-infected patients showed similar CPG and CPL values. P. intermedia was the most frequently recovered microorganism in all the groups evaluated. The second pathogen with higher prevalence was A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis was observed only in one (5%) HIV+ patient under HAART and in three patients (19%) in the control group. The periodontal indexes was not related with the CD4+ count and viral load. Changes observed in the periodontal tissues of patients infected with HIV are similar to those observed in HIV negative subjects.
Subject(s)
Dental Plaque/microbiology , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/microbiology , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Adult , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolation & purification , Analysis of Variance , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Case-Control Studies , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Female , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Periodontal Diseases/microbiology , Porphyromonas gingivalis/isolation & purification , Prevotella intermedia/isolation & purification , Statistics, Nonparametric , Viral LoadABSTRACT
AIM: To determine the prevalence of oral lesions in a HIV+ group of patients, related to CD4 cell count and viral load in a Venezuelan population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, we evaluated 75 HIV+ adult patients, attended at the Center of Infectious Diseases, at the Faculty of Dentistry, Central University of Venezuela. Each patient was clinically examined for detection of oral mucosal lesions. In addition, CD4 cell count was determined by flow cytometry, as well as viral load by RT-PCR (Amplicor HIV-RNA, TM test 1.5, Roche). RESULTS: 85% (64/75) of HIV/AIDS patients showed associated HIV lesions. Oral Candidiasis constituted the most common lesion representing a 61% (39/64), followed by Oral Hairy Leukoplakia 53% (34/64); Oral Leukoplakia 34% (22/64), Melanic Hyperpigmentation 38% (18/64); Papilloma 13 (6/64), Lineal Gingival Erythema 8% (5/64); Aphtous Recurrent Stomatitis 5% (4/64) and Kaposi's Sarcoma 5% (3/64). Only one case of the following lesions were represented by Non Hodgkin Lymphoma, Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia, Recurrent Herpes, Histoplasmosis and Molluscum Contagiosum. The patients with a viral load of 30.000 copies/mm3 exhibited oral lesions related with HIV, independent of CD4 cell count, although patients with CD4+ levels of 200 cel/mm3 were more susceptible to develop these lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The most common oral lesion was Oral Candidiasis followed by Oral Hairy Leukoplakia, Oral Leukoplakia and Melanic Hyperpigmentation. A high viral load was strongly associated to the oral lesions occurrence independently of CD4+ cell count.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/complications , Mouth Diseases/complications , Adult , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Candidiasis, Oral/complications , Candidiasis, Oral/epidemiology , Erythema/complications , Erythema/epidemiology , Female , HIV Infections/blood , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1/isolation & purification , Humans , Leukoplakia, Oral/complications , Leukoplakia, Oral/epidemiology , Male , Melanosis/complications , Melanosis/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Neoplasms/complications , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Papilloma/complications , Papilloma/epidemiology , Prevalence , Sarcoma, Kaposi/complications , Sarcoma, Kaposi/epidemiology , Stomatitis, Aphthous/complications , Stomatitis, Aphthous/epidemiology , Venezuela/epidemiology , Viral LoadABSTRACT
Estudios previos han indicado que las drogas antiinflamatorias no esteroides administradas antes de los procedimientos quirúrugicos orales son efectivas para reducir el dolor postoperatorio. El propósito del presente estudio fue comparar la eficacia de la medicación con nimesulide inmediatamente previa a la cirugía, versus la medicación inmediata postquirúrgica en el dolor postoperatorio asociado con la cirugía periodontal. Los resultados indicaron que la dosificación con nimesulide inmediatamente antes o después de la cirugía periodontal retrasa significativamente la existencia inicial o síntomas de dolor en comparación con el placebo; la dosificación antes de la cirugía demuestra un retraso significativamente grande de la existencia inicial o síntomas de dolor en comparación con la dosificación postquirúrgica. Nosotros concluimos que el nimesulide es una opción válida entre los AINEs, en el tratamiento del dolor periodontal postquirúrgico, lográndose un mejor efecto cuando se indica inmediatamente antes de la cirugía periodontal
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Pain, Postoperative , Periodontal Diseases , Administration, Oral , Drug Evaluation/methods , Pain, Postoperative , Homeopathic Dosage , Postoperative Care , Preoperative CareABSTRACT
Una de las funciones de la saliva es proteger las superficies bucales y faríngeas para así mantener la integridad de estos tejidos. La saliva debe la función protectora a su capacidad humectante, lubricante etc. Las cuales a su vez se deben a los elementos que la componen, principalmente a las proteínas y a las glicoproteínas (mucinas) de alto peso molecular. Estos compuestos son políones enfotéricos que tienen carga neta positiva o negativa determinada por la ionización de los grupos polares en sus cadenas laterales, que es dependiente del pH del medio. Por lo tanto un cambio en el pH del medio puede causar variaciones en: la carga neta de la proteína, enlace de hidrógeno, las interaciones hidrofólicas etc., lo que afecta su conformación y puede ocacionar la formación de agregados moleculares. La conformación y la interacción entrw macromoléculas salivales afectan la viscosidad de la solución en la cual se encuentran disueltas. La viscosidad es el principal factor determinante de la capacidad lubricante del fluido salival. Por esta razón, la viscosidad es un parámetro de medida de los factores que modifican la capacidad lubricante de la saliva. Estudios realizados por Veerman et al, y Nordbo et al, indican que los cambios en el pH del medio influencian significativamente la viscosidad de la saliva total humana y de sustitutos salivales a base de mucina. Sin embargo, hay una gran discrepancia entre los valores de pH a los cuales se reporta un cambio de la viscosidad