Association Between Stress and Social Support Among Young Adult Pacific Islander Smokers.

Recent studies have found high levels of stress among Americans, particularly amongst young adults and ethnic minority groups. The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to explore the association between stress and social support among a sample of 276 young adult smokers of Pacific Islander ancestry, specifically Samoans and Tongans with an average age of 25.3 years. Previous research had documented the protective role of social support on stress, and thus it is hypothesized that young adult Pacific Islander smokers who perceived higher levels of social support will have less perceived stress. Social support was assessed using a 12-item scale which measured participant's perceived social support from family, friends, and significant others. Perceived stress was measured using a 10-item scale with 2 subscales - self efficacy and helplessness. Standardized parameter estimates from structural equation modeling indicated a statistically significant inverse relationship between perceived social support from family and perceived stress related to helplessness. More specifically, young adult Samoans and Tongans who report higher levels of social support from family do not feel as much stress stemming from being helpless. The results highlight the importance of family social support on stress management among this population. Most importantly, these findings add to the limited research around mental health within Pacific Islander (Samoan and Tongan) communities in the US.

Filipinos' attitudes, barriers, and enablers on colorectal cancer screening: Insights from a qualitative research study.

BACKGROUND: Filipinos have lower colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates and worse outcomes versus non-Hispanic Whites. As Filipinos are understudied on how they perceive CRC screening, we conducted focus groups examining their attitudes, enablers, and barriers to screening. METHODS: In August and September 2021, we recruited Filipinos aged 40-75 years to participate in an online focus group. Filipinos who received care at an academic medical center or were members of Filipino community organizations in Los Angeles, CA, were sent emails inviting them to participate. We used a semi-structured interview guide for the focus groups and audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using an inductive coding approach. Codes were generated from the qualitative data, sorted, classified into themes and subthemes, and illustrated with verbatim quotes. RESULTS: We conducted four online focus groups with 16 Filipinos. As for enablers for CRC screening, participants mentioned the importance having a doctor's recommendation. Participants reported the following barriers: potential out-of-pocket costs (the Philippines healthcare system is largely cash-based); fatalistic beliefs; reactive approach to health; lack of awareness in the community on CRC screening. Suggested solutions for improving CRC screening uptake in the community included: providing information on screening benefits, what to expect from each test (e.g., steps involved, accuracy), and financial considerations; participation by Filipino celebrities and doctors in media campaigns. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights Filipinos' perceptions on CRC screening. These data can support investigators, health systems, public health agencies, and community organizations in developing culturally tailored, sustainable interventions to address CRC screening disparities among Filipinos.

Preliminary Observations from The FILLED Project (FILipino Lived Experiences during COVID-19).

Health outcomes for Asian American subgroups are often aggregated, masking unique experiences and disparities exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically among Filipino Americans (FilAms). The FILLED (Filipino Lived Experiences during COVID-19) Project launched a cross-sectional online survey between April-August 2021 among FilAm adults in Southern California to document community issues and outcomes during the pandemic. Among 223 participants, 47.5% were immigrants, 50.9% identified as essential workers, and 40.6% had a pre-existing health condition before the pandemic. Despite high rates of health insurance (93.3%), 24.4% of the sample did not have a regular health care provider. During the pandemic, 32.7% needed mental health help but did not get it and 44.2% did not know where to get such services. Most respondents felt that the COVID-19 vaccination was a personal responsibility to others (76.9%) and the majority had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (82.4%). Regarding COVID-19 impact, participants reported moderate-severe changes in their daily routines (73.5%), access to extended social support (38.9%), housing issues (15.4%), and access to medical care (11.6%). To our knowledge, this study is the first community-driven effort highlighting FilAm community experiences in Southern California, where the highest proportion of FilAms in the United States reside, specifically after the COVID-19 vaccine was made widely available. The observational findings may help community leaders, policy makers, and public health researchers in the design, development, and implementation of post-pandemic intervention strategies used by community-partnered projects that address FilAm and sub-Asian group health disparities at grassroots to societal levels.

Experiences and impacts of COVID-19 among Pacific Islanders in Los Angeles County.

Objective: To explore and document the experiences and impacts of COVID-19 among Pacific Islander (PI) adults living in Los Angeles County. Methods: Study participants completed a brief online demographic questionnaire followed by a 45- to 60-min semi-structured one-on-one interview conducted via Zoom. Participants were asked about two main areas: (1) reasons for high rates of COVID-19 cases among the PI community and its impacts on their community and (2) the impacts of COVID-19 on them as individuals. Results: A total of 14 PI adults, a majority of whom were females (76%) with an average age of 39.2 years took part in the study. Participants cited underlying medical conditions, overrepresentation in the essential workforce, multigeneration households, and the collectivistic culture of PIs as possible reasons for high rates of COVID-19 cases in their communities. Impacts of the pandemic included loss of jobs, loss of family and friends, and poor mental health which have been exacerbated by the pandemic. Conclusion: This study documents the perspectives of PIs on why rates of COVID-19 are high in their community, their experiences with COVID-19 testing, and the impacts that the pandemic has had on themselves and their community. Findings from this study will assist public health professionals and health care providers in refining services and programs for the PI community.