ABSTRACT
Antecedentes y objetivo El índice de masa triponderal (IMT) estimaría mejor que el índice de masa corporal (IMC) el exceso de adiposidad, manteniendo valores estables durante la infancia. Este trabajo pretende determinar la correlación del IMT con marcadores de riesgo metabólico y establecer valores del IMT que se relacionen con un aumento del riesgo metabólico. Material y métodos Estudio multicéntrico, observacional, transversal y prospectivo en menores de 14 años con obesidad. Variables: edad, sexo, estadio puberal, peso, talla, perímetro abdominal, IMC, IMT, glucosa e insulina basales, índice HOMA, presión arterial, perfil lipoproteico, transaminasas y ácido úrico. El IMC y el IMT se expresaron según los valores del estudio longitudinal de Barcelona. Se realizó análisis estadístico con el programa SPSS*. Resultados Se incluyeron 199 pacientes (50,3% varones), con una edad media de 11,08 (2,48) años e IMT de 19,68 (2,36) kg/m3. Se observó correlación del IMT con el perímetro abdominal (r = 0,571; p = 0), la insulina (r = 0,198; p = 0,005), el índice HOMA (r = 0,189; p = 0,008) y el c-HDL (r = −0,188; p = 0,008). El IMT > 20,15 kg/m3 se asoció a insulina ≥ 15 mUI/ml (p = 0,029) y el IMT > 20,36 kg/m3 a c-HDL < 40 mg/dl (p = 0,023). Conclusiones El IMT se correlacionó con el incremento del perímetro abdominal, la insulina y el índice HOMA, y la disminución del c-HDL. El IMT > 20 kg/m3 puede asociarse a elevación de la insulina y a descenso del c-HDL. Por ello, el IMT parece ser un parámetro útil en la valoración de los pacientes pediátricos con obesidad (AU)Background and objective
Triponderal mass index (TMI) would estimate excess adiposity better than body mass index (BMI), maintaining stable values during childhood. This work aims to determine the correlation between TMI and markers of metabolic risk as well as set values of TMI that are related to an increase of metabolic risk. Material and methods Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study in children under 14 years of age with obesity. Variables: age, sex, pubertal stage, weight, height, abdominal circumference, BMI, TMI, basal glucose and insulin, HOMA index, blood pressure, lipoprotein profile, transaminases and uric acid. BMI and TMI were expressed according to the values of the Barcelona longitudinal study. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS* program. Results One hundred and ninety-nine patients (50.3% male), age 11.08 (2.48) years, TMI 19.68 (2.36) kg/m3. Correlation between TMI and abdominal circumference (r = 0.571; p = 0), insulin (r = 0.198; p = 0.005), HOMA index (r = 0.189; p = 0.008) and HDL-c (r = −0.188; p = 0.008) was observed. IMT > 20.15 kg/m3 was associated with insulin ≥ 15 mIU/ml (p = 0.029) and IMT > 20.36 kg/m3 with HDL-c < 40 mg/dl (p = 0.023). Conclusions TMI was correlated with increase of abdominal circumference, insulin and HOMA index and decrease of HDL-c. IMT > 20 kg/m3 can be associated with increased insulin and decreased HDL-c. Therefore, the IMT seems to be a useful parameter in the assessment of pediatric patients with obesity (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Insulin Resistance , Metabolic Syndrome , Pediatric Obesity , Biomarkers , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Longitudinal StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Triponderal mass index (TMI) would estimate excess adiposity better than body mass index (BMI), maintaining stable values during childhood. This work aims to determine the correlation between TMI and markers of metabolic risk as well as set values of TMI that are related to an increase of metabolic risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study in children under 14 years of age with obesity. VARIABLES: age, sex, pubertal stage, weight, height, abdominal circumference, BMI, TMI, basal glucose and insulin, HOMA index, blood pressure, lipoprotein profile, transaminases and uric acid. BMI and TMI were expressed according to the values of the Barcelona longitudinal study. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS* program. RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-nine patients (50.3% male), age 11.08 (2.48) years, TMI 19.68 (2.36)kg/m3. Correlation between TMI and abdominal circumference (r=0.571; p=0), insulin (r=0.198; p=0.005), HOMA index (r=0.189; p=0.008) and HDL-c (r=-0.188; p=0.008) was observed. IMT>20.15kg/m3 was associated with insulin≥15mIU/ml (p=0.029) and IMT>20.36kg/m3 with HDL-c<40mg/dl (p=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: TMI was correlated with increase of abdominal circumference, insulin and HOMA index and decrease of HDL-c. IMT>20kg/m3 can be associated with increased insulin and decreased HDL-c. Therefore, the IMT seems to be a useful parameter in the assessment of pediatric patients with obesity.
Subject(s)
Insulin Resistance , Metabolic Syndrome , Pediatric Obesity , Adolescent , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Longitudinal Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Body Mass Index , Insulin , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Introducción: Streptococcus pyogenes o estreptococo del grupo A (EGA) causa numerosas infecciones en la infancia. En los últimos años se han descrito cambios en su epidemiología, con un aumento de las infecciones invasivas. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo-descriptivo en menores de 15 años con infección por EGA y sus complicaciones, desde febrero de 2004 a abril de 2014. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 2.192 cultivos positivos, siendo el 92,7% faringoamigdalares. Ingresaron 29 pacientes: 4 complicaciones supurativas, 7 postinfecciosas, 14 infecciones invasivas y 4 probables. No hubo diferencias en la frecuencia de aislamientos de EGA/año. Los aislamientos no invasivos fueron más frecuentes en invierno y primavera (p < 0,001), siendo el 68,3% de los pacientes menores de 5 años. La incidencia de infecciones invasivas fue de 2,1/100.000 niños/año. No mostraron estacionalidad y ocurrieron en niños de menor edad (3,3 ± 2,2 vs. 4,9 ± 2,9 años, p = 0,039). El diagnóstico más frecuente fue la neumonía (6/14) y el lugar de aislamiento fue la sangre (8/14). Ocho precisaron cuidados intensivos. Se trataron empíricamente con cefalosporinas de segunda/tercera generación o penicilina intravenosas. Las neumonías precisaron mayor tiempo de tratamiento que el resto (13,8 ± 3,5 vs. 11 ± 2 días, p=0,0016). Todos los EGA fueron sensibles a penicilina, el 10,6% resistentes a eritromicina. El tiempo de ingreso fue mayor en las infecciones invasivas (13 ± 5 vs. 8,7 ± 4,4 días, p = 0,028). Ningún paciente falleció. Conclusiones: La faringoamigdalitis por EGA sigue siendo frecuente en la infancia y su incidencia está aumentando en menores de 5 años. En la actualidad, las complicaciones postinfecciosas son raras. Las infecciones invasivas son las formas de presentación más grave y son más frecuentes en niños de menor edad (AU)
Background: Streptococcus pyogenes or Group A Streptococci (GAS) cause many infections in infancy. Changes in its epidemiology have been described in recent years, including an increase in invasive infections (iGAS). Methods: A retrospective-descriptive study was conducted on children less than 15 years old, with GAS infections, in particular iGAS, and their complications from February 2004-April 2014. Results: A total of 2,192 positive cultures were obtained of which 92.7% were pharyngeal cultures. Twenty-nine patients were admitted to hospital: 4 with suppurative complications, 7 post-infective, 14 iGAS, and 4 probable iGAS cases. There were no differences in the frequency of GAS isolations/year. Non-invasive isolates were more frequent in winter and spring (P < .001), and 68.3% were in patients younger than 5 years. The incidence of iGAS was 2.1/100,000 children/year. There was no seasonality, and it was more frequent in younger children (P = .039). The most common diagnosis was pneumonia (6/14). Eight patients required intensive care. They were treated empirically with second or third-generation cephalosporin or with intravenous penicillin, and pneumonia required longer treatment times (P = .016). All GAS isolates were sensitive to penicillin, and 10.6% were resistant to erythromycin. The time spent in hospital was longer for iGAS than other cases (P = .028). No patients died. Conclusions: Pharyngotonsillitis caused by GAS is common in childhood, and its incidence is increasing in children younger than 5 years. At the moment, post-infectious complications are rare. Invasive infections are the most severe forms of presentation, and are more common in younger children (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology , Streptococcus pyogenes/pathogenicity , Bacteremia/epidemiology , Sepsis/epidemiology , Streptococcal Infections/complications , Pharyngitis/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Shock, Septic/epidemiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pyogenes or Group A Streptococci (GAS) cause many infections in infancy. Changes in its epidemiology have been described in recent years, including an increase in invasive infections (iGAS). METHODS: A retrospective-descriptive study was conducted on children less than 15 years old, with GAS infections, in particular iGAS, and their complications from February 2004-April 2014. RESULTS: A total of 2,192 positive cultures were obtained of which 92.7% were pharyngeal cultures. Twenty-nine patients were admitted to hospital: 4 with suppurative complications, 7 post-infective, 14 iGAS, and 4 probable iGAS cases. There were no differences in the frequency of GAS isolations/year. Non-invasive isolates were more frequent in winter and spring (P<.001), and 68.3% were in patients younger than 5 years. The incidence of iGAS was 2.1/100,000 children/year. There was no seasonality, and it was more frequent in younger children (P=.039). The most common diagnosis was pneumonia (6/14). Eight patients required intensive care. They were treated empirically with second or third-generation cephalosporin or with intravenous penicillin, and pneumonia required longer treatment times (P=.016). All GAS isolates were sensitive to penicillin, and 10.6% were resistant to erythromycin. The time spent in hospital was longer for iGAS than other cases (P=.028). No patients died. CONCLUSIONS: Pharyngotonsillitis caused by GAS is common in childhood, and its incidence is increasing in children younger than 5 years. At the moment, post-infectious complications are rare. Invasive infections are the most severe forms of presentation, and are more common in younger children.
