Effects of Cycling on Spine: A Case-Control Study Using a 3D Scanning Method.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the effects of adopting a specific and prolonged posture on cyclists. This study aimed to evaluate the upright spine in a sample of recreational cyclists and compare it with a sample of non-cyclists, though still athletes, through a 3D scanning method. METHODS: Forty-eight participants were enrolled in this observational study. The sample consisted of 25 cyclists for the cycling group and 23 non-cyclist athletes for the control group. The Spine3D device (Sensor Medica, Guidonia Montecelio, Rome, Italy) was used to evaluate the spine of the participants in both groups. RESULTS: The results showed significantly greater spine inclination in the cycling group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in lumbar lordosis in the cycling group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This case-control study raises the possibility that the onset of lower back pain in cyclists may be due to a reduction in lumbar lordosis. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the Spine3D device can be used in sports to monitor the spine of athletes to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal deficits.

Response to physical activity of females with multiple sclerosis throughout the menstrual cycle: a protocol for a randomised crossover trial (EMMA Project).

The relationship between multiple sclerosis (MS) and females is a crucial aspect in the development of the disease, with the ovarian hormonal cycle being a sensitive stage, especially in females with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The objectives of the study are to identify moderating variables that modify satisfaction with physical activity practice throughout the menstrual cycle (MC) in females in or out of their MC, during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength training sessions and to compare the acute effects of different types of physical activity sessions in females with and without MS. This protocol is the methodology used in the EMMA Study, a randomised, single-blind crossover trial study conducted in females with MS who were matched 1:1, based on age, lifestyle factors and country of residence, with females without MS, to analyse the effect of physical activity practice on satisfaction, functionality, fatigue and inflammatory profile through their MC. Participants will visit the facilities approximately 10 times (4 preliminary familiarisation visits and 6 visits to carry out a physical activity session in each phase of the MC) for 3-4 months. A total sample of 30 females (15 females without MS and 15 with MS) is necessary for the study. The evaluation will comprise clinical, nutritional and psychological interviews, including different variables. It is hypothesised during the luteal phase, females with MS are expected to exhibit different acute responses to HIIT and strength training sessions as compared with females without the disease. Before starting the study, all participants will read and sign an informed consent form. Trial registration number: This research protocol is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov to ensure transparency and accessibility of study information (NCT06105463). The university's ethics committee number for this study is UALBIO2022/048.

Five-Compressions Protocol as a Valid Myotonometric Method to Assess the Stiffness of the Lower Limbs: A Brief Report.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of a short assessment MyotonPRO protocol to measure the stiffness of the superficial muscles and tendons of the lower limbs. The stiffness of the dominant lower limb vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF) and patellar tendon (PT) was evaluated in 52 healthy participants (26.9 ± 3.4 years) with two MyotonPRO protocols: the standard protocol (10 mechanical taps) and the short protocol (five mechanical taps). The myotonometry was performed at the midpoint of the length from the upper pole of the patella to the greater trochanter for the VL, and to the anterior superior iliac spine for the RF. The PT was evaluated 1 cm caudal from the inferior pole of the patella. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships between protocols. The validity of the short protocol was evaluated with Student's t-test. High positive correlations were observed between the short and standard protocols in the stiffness of the VL (r = 0.959; p < 0.001), the RF (r = 0.967; p < 0.001) and the PT (r = 0.953; p < 0.001) and no differences were found between both protocols in the stiffness assessment of the VL, RF and PT (p > 0.05). Therefore, the five-compressions protocol is a valid protocol for the assessment of lower limb mechanical properties.

Effects of Plyometric Training on Lower Body Muscle Architecture, Tendon Structure, Stiffness and Physical Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Plyometric training (PT) has been widely studied in sport science. However, there is no review that determines the impact of PT on the structural variables and mechanical properties of the lower limbs and physical performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effects of PT on lower body muscle architecture, tendon structure, stiffness and physical performance. METHODS: Five electronic databases were analysed. The inclusion criteria were: (1) Availability in English; (2) Experimental studies that included a PT of at least eight sessions; and (3) Healthy adults subjects. Four meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager software: (1) muscle architecture; (2) tendon structure; (3) muscle and tendon stiffness; (4) physical performance. RESULTS: From 1008 search records, 32 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Muscle architecture meta-analysis found a moderate effect of PT on muscle thickness (Standard Mean Difference (SMD): 0.59; [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.47, 0.71]) and fascicle length (SMD: 0.51; [95% CI 0.26, 0.76]), and a small effect of PT on pennation angle (SMD: 0.29; [95% CI 0.02, 0.57]). The meta-analysis found a moderate effect of PT on tendon stiffness (SMD: 0.55; [95% CI 0.28, 0.82]). The lower body physical performance meta-analysis found a moderate effect of PT on jumping (SMD: 0.61; [95% CI 0.47, 0.74]) and strength (SMD: 0.57; [95% CI 0.42, 0.73]). CONCLUSION: PT increased the thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length of the evaluated muscles. In addition, plyometrics is an effective tool for increasing tendon stiffness and improving jump and strength performance of the lower body.

Effect of 12 Weeks Core Training on Core Muscle Performance in Rhythmic Gymnastics.

BACKGROUND: Rhythmic gymnastics performance is characterized by technical elements involving flexibility, aerobic capacity and strength. Increased core strength in rhythmic gymnastics could lead to improved sporting performance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of 12 weeks of core muscle training on core muscle performance in rhythmic gymnasts. METHODS: A randomized controlled study involving 24 rhythmic gymnastics was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (CG; n = 12; age 13.50 ± 3.17 years) or a training group (TG; n = 12; age 14.41 ± 2.35 years). Body composition, isometric strength of trunk, core endurance and core muscle electromyographic activity were measured (EMG) after 12 weeks of core training. Independent sample t-tests were carried out to compare baseline values between groups. A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (time × group) was applied. RESULTS: The TG improved body composition, trunk lean mass (mean differences MD = -0.31; p = 0.040), lean mass (MD = 0.43; p = 0.037) and bone mass (MD = -0.06; p < 0.001) after training. Core training increased isometric strength of trunk, flexion test (MD = -21.53; p = 0.019) and extension test (MD = 22.7; p = 0.049), as well as the prone bridge core endurance test (MD = -11.27; p = 0.040). The EMG values also increased in the TG in prone bridge for front trunk (MD = -58.58; p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Core strength training leads to improvements in body composition, as well as improvements in trunk strength and increases in muscle electromyographic activity. These improvements could therefore improve performance during competitive rhythmic gymnastics exercises.

A Descriptive Analysis of Body Composition Among Forest Firefighters in Spain.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the body composition profile of forest firefighters. Data were collected from 701 forest firefighters. METHODS: We have carried out this analysis using a bioimpedance scale BC-601 of the brand Tanita ISO 9001 Certified. RESULTS: Obtained values of body mass index 24.85 in women and 27.83 in men. The visceral fat index was 5 in women and 9 in men. In both cases, taking as reference the values proposed by the WHO, women are within a low-moderate risk of cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. Men are at a moderate-high risk. CONCLUSIONS: The values obtained in the analysis show that forest firefighters have a moderate risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the future. It is effective to propose future works that elaborate specific physical activity plans to improve their health profile.

Body composition features in different playing position of professional team indoor players: basketball, handball and futsal / Características antropométricas en función del puesto en jugadores profesionales de equipo: baloncesto, balonmano y fútbol sala

The aim of the present research was to analyze the body composition (BC) and the differences in BC among different playing position in professional basketball, handball and futsal players. BC was assessed in 70 professional indoor team sport players. Players were divided in 4 groups depending on the playing position: group 1, point guard, center/wings and defense; group 2, shooting guard/small forward, handed and midfielder; group 3, power forward/center, pivot and forward; and group 4 goalkeeper. Significant differences between playing positions in basketball in body mass (BM), height, proteins, minerals and arms, legs and trunk BM were found. In handball, significant differences between center/wings and pivot in BM and muscle mass, and between goalkeepers and handed in percentage of fat were measured. Significant differences were also found in BM of each playing position groups in the three sports and in arms and legs BM in groups 1 and 2, and trunk BM and height in group 2. Group 3 presented significant differences between futsal and basketball in skeletal muscle mass and trunk BM, and between basketball and handball in left leg BM and total BM. In group 4 significant differences in BM, height and trunk and leg BM between futsal and handball were found. BC in indoor team sports depend on the playing position and the sport discipline, the BC being result of the specific game actions of each playing position.

El objetivo fue analizar la composición corporal (CC) y sus diferencias entre demarcaciones en jugadores profesionales de baloncesto, balonmano y fútbol sala. Se analizó la CC en 70 jugadores profesionales de equipos divididos en 4 grupos en función de su demarcación: grupo 1, bases, cierres, o centrales/extremos; grupo 2, escoltas/aleros, alas o laterales; grupo 3: ala pívot/pívot, pívot y pivote; y grupo 4: porteros. Existen diferencias significativas entre las diversas demarcaciones en baloncesto en el peso, la talla, las proteínas y minerales y en el peso de brazos, piernas y tronco. En balonmano, existen diferencias significativas entre los centrales /extremos y los pívot en el peso y la masa muscular, y entre los laterales y los porteros en el porcentaje graso. También se encontraron diferencias en el peso entre las diferentes posiciones entre los tres deportes y en el peso de brazos, piernas y tronco entre los grupos 1 y 2, y en el peso del tronco y la talla en el grupo 2. El grupo 3 presenta diferencias significativas entre fútbol sala y baloncesto en masa muscular y peso del tronco y entre baloncesto y balonmano en el peso de la pierna izquierda y el peso. En el grupo 4 existen diferencias en el peso, la altura y el peso de tronco y pernas entre fútbol sala y balonmano. La CC en los deportes de equipo estudiados depende de la posición y del deporte practicado, modificándose la CC en función de las acciones específicas del juego en cada demarcación.

Respuesta de la hormona Eritropoyetina y el VO2max a un programa de IHT en triatletas / Erythropoietin and VO2max response to IHT program in triathletes

Introducción: En la actualidad, los deportistas de alto nivel incorporan como complemento a su entrenamiento convencional, programas de entrenamiento en altitud con la intención de incrementar el rendimiento. Dentro de las diferentes estrategias encontramos el entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente (IHT). El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar los efectos sobre el VO2max y la Eritropoyetina (EPO) producidos por un programa de IHT de siete semanas de duración en triatletas. Material y métodos: Formaron parte de este estudio 18 triatletas de categoría élite y sub 23 divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos, GIHT: n=9 (Edad: 26 ± 6,73 años; Talla 173,33 ± 5,94 cm; Peso: 66,38 ± 5,91 Kg) y GC: n=9 (Edad: 29,27 ± 6,84 años; Talla 174,89 ± 4,59 cm; Peso: 71,59 ± 6,81 Kg). Se aplicó un programa de IHT de 7 semanas de duración con un 15-14,5% deFiO2, 2 sesiones semanales complementarias a su entrenamiento habitual en cicloergómetro de 60 minutos a una intensidad cercana al umbral anaeróbico individual medido en condiciones de hipoxia. Se llevó a cabo una evaluación previa y otra, al finalizar el programa. En ellas, se realizó una analítica sanguínea y un test incremental de carrera donde se midió el VO2max. Resultados: Los resultados muestran un aumento significativo del 16,64% (p=0,049) de la EPO en el GIHT (pre= 7,51 ± 1,56mU/ml; post=8,76 ± 1,92 mU/ml), no encontrando diferencias en el GC (pre= 9,92 ± 2,6 mU/ml; post= 9,79 ± 2,87mU/ml).Al comparar intergrupos, existen diferencias significativas en el momento previo al entrenamiento (p=0.038), siendo el GC con el que parte con unos valores superiores con respecto al GIHT. En el momento posterior al entrenamiento, debido al aumento significativo de estos valores en el GIHT, estas diferencias se igualan y pasan a ser no significativas. Al analizar los datos obtenidos del test de carrera a pie en tapiz rodante en función del grupo, podemos apreciar que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos momentos de evaluación en el GIHT en la variable VO2max relativo (p=0,005) y absoluto (p=0,014). En el GC no existen estas diferencias. Al inicio del programa, el GIHT tenía un valor de VO2max relativo de 59,53 ± 5,04 ml/Kg/min, mientras que el GC obtuvo en esta variable 58,93 ± 4,53 ml/Kg/min obteniendo un valor de p=0,806en este momento de estudio. Al finalizar el estudio, el valor de esta variable aumenta hasta 65,48 ± 4,92 ml/kg/min en el GIHT y hasta los 69,05 ± 10,51 en el GC, siendo el valor de p=0,169 en este momento. Conclusiones: El programa de IHT propuesto ha producido beneficios significativos sobre el VO2max relativo y absoluto y sobre la hormona EPO, parámetro clave en la eritropoyesis (AU)

Introduction: Now, the high performance athletes incorporate to their training, conventional altitude training programs intended to increase performance. Among the different strategies found the intermittent hypoxic training (IHT). The aim of this study was to analyze the effects on VO2max and erythropoietin (EPO) produced by a program IHT seven weeks in triathletes. Methods: Included in this study 18 elite triathletes and U23 category divided into two groups, GIHT: n = 9 (age: 26 ± 6.73years, height 173.33 ± 5.94 cm, weight: 66 , 38 ± 5.91 kg) and GC: n = 9 (age: 29.27 ± 6.84 years, height 174.89 ± 4.59 cm, weight: 71.59 ± 6.81 kg). IHT program was applied during 7-week and used 15 to 14.5% FiO2, 2 sessions per week, 60 minutes in a cyclergometer at anaerobic threshold intensity measured in hypoxia. There are two evaluation, one before and one after the program. In them, we performed a blood test and an incremental VO2max test. Results: The results showed a significant increase of 16.64% (p = 0.049) in the EPO in GIHT (pre = 7.51 ± 1.56 mU / ml, 8.76± 1.92 post = mU / ml) and found no differences in the GC (pre = 9.92 ± 2.6 mU / ml = 9.79 ± 2.87mU/ml post). Comparing intergroup, significant differences in the pretreatment evaluation (p = 0.038), the GC part to higher values respect GIHT. In the time after training, due to the significant increase in the GIHT these values, these differences are equalized and become no significant. Analyzing running test according to the group, we see that there were significant differences between the two evaluation in GIHT in the VO2max relative (p = 0.005) and absolute (p = 0.014). In the GC there are no such differences. At the start of the program, the GIHT had a VO2max 59.53 ± 5.04 relative ml//kg/ min, while the GC obtained in this variable 58.93± 4.53 ml/kg/min (p = 0.806). At the end of the study, the value of this variable increases to 65.48 ± 4.92 ml/kg/min in the GIHT and 69.05 ± 10.51 in the GC (p = 0.169).Conclusions: The proposed IHT program produces significant benefits on relative and absolute VO2max and the hormone EPO, key parameter in erythropoiesis (AU)

Ecografía de la hernia muscular / Muscle hernia ultrasound

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Efectividad de un programa de entrenamiento vibratorio en la mejora de la capacidad de salto / Effects of a vibration training program on the performance of the jump

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar los efectos de 6semanas de entrenamiento vibratorio de cuerpo entero sobre la función muscular obtenida con variables de arquitectura muscular dinámica durante la fase de batida de un salto con contramovimiento. Formaron parte de la investigación un total de treinta y cinco varones físicamente activos, la muestra fue asignada de forma aleatoria en dos grupos de estudio, un grupo control (GC) formado por 16 hombres (Edad: 24,5 ±6,27 años, talla: 174,44 ± 5,35 cm y peso: 71,01 ± 7,94 kg) y un grupo experimental (GE) formado por 19 hombres (Edad: 22,11 ± 4,97 años; talla: 174,35 ± 4,36 cm y peso: 74,43 ±10,93 kg). Se encontraron diferencias significativas intra-grupo, en el salto máximo 1 en la variable h (p = 0.004) del GE acompañado de un incremento no significativo de los valores del pico de potencia y de la velocidad de despegue. En el salto máximo 2, se encontraron diferencias significativas en el GE en la altura del salto, en el pico de potencia y en la velocidad de despegue. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el gastrocnemio medial de la pierna izquierda, observándose un incremento significativo de la velocidad angular de la fibra en el GE, con una diferencia en las medias de 4.512º/s en el GC y de 5.44º/s en el GE (p = 0.012). Por otro lado, en el GE se observó un incremento significativo en la velocidad de acortamiento de la fibra muscular, con una diferencia en las medias en el GC de 0,612 cm/s y de 0,922 cm/s en el GE. Con nuestros resultados podemos concluir que un entrenamiento de6 semanas mediante WBV, con cargas gravitacionales de 14,5a 32,6 g producto de fr de 30-45 Hz y duraciones de estímulos de 60 s con descansos de 60 s, modifica las características mecánicas del salto, y el comportamiento muscular de los gastrocnemios, de forma significativa del gastrocnemio medial de la pierna izquierda (AU)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of 6weeks of whole body vibration training on muscle architecture dynamic variables obtained during the takeoff phase of a countermovement jump. Thirty-five males volunteered to participate in the study, the sample was randomly assigned into two study groups, a control group (CG) consisted of 16 subjects (age: 24.5 ± 6.27, height: 174.44 ± 5.35 and weight: 71.01 ± 7.94) and an experimental group (EG) consisting of 19 subjects (age: 22.11 ± 4.97, height: 174.35 ± 4.36 and weight: 74.43 ±10.93). We found intra-group differences in maximal jump 1in the variable h (p = 0.004) of GE accompanied by a non significant increase of the values of PP and Vzd. In the maximum jump 2, we were found significant differences in the GE in the hin the PP and Vzd. We also find significant differences in medial gastrocnemius of the left leg, observed a significant increase of the Vangle of the fiber in the GE, with a difference in the averages of 4.512 °/s in the GC and of 5.44 °/s in the GE (p = 0.012). In the GE showed a significant increase in the VLf and the difference in means in the GC of 0.612 cm/s and 0.922 cm/sin the GE. With our results we can establish that a 6 weeks of WBV, with gravitational loads from 14.5 to 32.6 g product of fr frequency range from 30-45 Hz and durations of stimulation of 60 s with rests of 60 s, modify the mechanical characteristics of the jump, and the gastrocnemius muscle behavior, significantly in the medial gastrocnemius of the left leg (AU)

Efectos fisiológicos inducidos por los programas de hipoxia intermitente / Physiological effects induced by intermittent hypoxia programs

Entre las estrategias de entrenamiento en condiciones de altitud simulada más utilizadas, destaca la exposición a hipoxia intermitente (IHE),la cual se aplica mediante la estancia pasiva en habitaciones con ambiente hipóxico o a través de la respiración de aire con menos concentración de O2, junto con el método denominado entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente (IHT), que consiste en llevar a cabo sesiones de entrenamiento en condiciones de hipoxia(1) .Los efectos de los programas de exposición y entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente se relacionan con un incremento de la eritropoyesis, una mejora de parámetros fisiológicos relacionados con el rendimiento aeróbico como el umbral anaeróbico o el consumo máximo de oxígeno y un incremento del rendimiento anaeróbico. Tal como observamos en la literatura, los programas IHT parecen ser mucho más beneficiosos que los de IHE para incrementar el rendimiento deportivo, ya que se observa una mejora del rendimiento deportivo con entrenamientos de alta intensidad en hipoxia (aproximadamente en la zona del umbral anaeróbico) debido al incremento de la eficiencia mitocondrial y de la regulación del pH y del lactato(2). Fundamentalmente esto se debe a que el ejercicio intenso en hipoxia juega un rol importante en las adaptaciones moleculares del tejido muscular, si bien, en este campo de investigación aun hay preguntas básicas que deben ser contestadas(3) (AU)

Between simulated altitude conditions strategies for training used, highlights the exposure to intermittent hypoxia (IHE), which is implemented through the passive stay in rooms with hypoxic ambient or by breathing air with a lower concentration of O2 and the method called intermittent hypoxic training (IHT), which is doing by hypoxia training sessions(1).The effects of exposure and training programs in intermittent hypoxia are associated with increase derythropoiesis, an improvement of physiological parameters related to aerobic performance as anaerobic threshold or maximum oxygen consumption and increased anaerobic performance. As noted in the literature, IHT programs appear to be much more beneficial than IHE to improve athletic performance as it is an improvement of athletic performance with high-intensity training in hypoxia (approximately the area of anaerobic threshold) due to increased mitochondrial efficiency and pH regulation and lactate(2), this is due mainly to intense exercise in hypoxia plays an important role in molecular adaptations of musclet issue, although in this field of research there are still basic questions to be answered(3) (AU)

La sonoelastografía en el diagnóstico de una rotura del tendón supraespinoso / The sonoelastography in rupture supraespinatus tendon diagnosis

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Ecografia de las lesiones tendinosas complejas / Ultrasound of tendon injuries complex

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Modificaciones hematológicas producidas por un programa de exposición a hipoxia intermitente de ocho semanas de duración en ciclistas / Haematological changes produced by eight weeks of intermittent hypoxia exposure program in cyclist

Introducción: La exposición a hipoxia intermitente (IHE) es un frecuente complemento al entrenamiento del deportista de alto nivel para incrementar su rendimiento debido a las mejoras en índices hematológicos claves para el rendimiento en deportes de resistencia. El objetivo del estudio fue comprobar los cambios producidos por un programa de IHE normobárica en ciclistas entrenados. Metodología: Formaron parte de este estudio 16 ciclistas de categoría élite y sub-23, divididos aleatoriamente en un grupo experimental (GH) (n=8) (Edad: 23,38 ± 3,3 años; Talla: 178,75 ± 7,6 cm; Peso: 75,41 ± 9,7 Kg) y un grupo control (GC) (n=8) (Edad: 27,13 ± 4,6 años; Talla: 174,06± 7,1 cm; Peso: 60,48 ± 3,7 Kg). Se midió a través de analítica sanguínea el hematocrito (%), la hemoglobina (g/dl),los hematíes (x 106/microl) , la ferritina (ng/ml), los reticulocitos (%) la hemoglobina corpuscular media (HCM) (pg), la concentración de hemoglobina corpuscular media (CHCM)(g/dl), el volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) (fl), la sideremia (mcg/dl) y la hormona eritropoyetina (EPO) (mU/ml). Tras la realización de la analítica sanguínea se aplicó un tratamiento de IHE normobárica de 8 semanas de duración (40-60 min de duración, 4 días en semana, 11-14 % FiO2). Resultados: Entre el momento pre y post-tratamiento, existe un mantenimiento en las variables hematíes, hemoglobina, reticulocitos, EPO y sideremia. Se produce un descenso en la variable hematocrito en el GH entre los momentos pre (46,02 ± 1,4 %) y post-tratamiento (43,02 ± 1,3 %)con una significación de p<0,05. También se encuentran diferencias en la CHCM entre el GH (34,28 ± 0,8 g/dl) y GC (33,22 ± 0,9 g/dl) en el momento post-tratamiento a nivel de p< 0,05. Conclusiones: La aplicación de este programa de IHE no incrementa las variables hematológicas determinantes para estimular la eritropoyesis en ciclistas entrenados (AU)

Introduction: Exposure to intermittent hypoxia (IHE) is a frequent complement for the high-level athlete to improve performance, due to improvements in hematologic key indices for performance in endurance sports. The aim of the study was to check the changes produced by a normobaric IHE in trained cyclists .Methods: Included in this study 16 elite-sub23 cyclists. They was divided into an experimental group (GH) (n =8) (Age: 23,38 ± 3,3 years; Size: 178,75 ± 7,6 cm, Weight:75,41 ± 9,7 Kg) and a control group (CG) (n = 8) (Age:27,13 ± 4,6 years, Size: 174,06 ± 7,1 cm, Weight: 60,48± 3,7 kg). Was measured through blood tests hematocrit (%) hemoglobin (g / dl), erythrocytes (x 106/microl), the ferritin (ng / ml), reticulocytes (%) mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) (pg), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (CHCM) (g / dl), mean corpuscular volume (MCV)(fl), the serum iron (mcg / dl) and hormone erythropoietin(EPO) (mU / ml). Following the completion of the blood analytical was applied a 8 weeks normobaric IHE (40-60min duration, 4 days a week, 11-14% FiO2). Results: Between the time pre-and post-treatment, there is a maintenance variables erythrocytes, hemoglobin, reticulocytes, EPO and serum iron. Hematocrit decrease in GH between the time pre (46,02 ± 1,4%) and post-treatment (43.02 ± 1.3%) with significance of p<0.05. It also found differences in CHCM between GH (34,28 ± 0,8 g/dl) and GC (33,22 ± 0,9 g / dl) in the time after treatment at the p<0,05.Conclusions: The implementation of this intermittent hypoxia program not increases hematological variables for stimulation of erythropoiesis (AU)

Ecografía de la rotura del supinador largo / Ultrasound of rupture braquioradialis muscle

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