Water assessment using ultra-weak bioluminescence.

In this paper a method to evaluate the presence of microorganisms of the coliform group in water samples using the ultra-weak bioluminescence (UWB) is proposed. A series of UWB measurements and optical density measurements from cultures of both a set of standard E. coli strain samples, and a set of water samples from a river near Curitiba City in Brazil were performed. All samples were previously incubated at 37°C for 11h in nutritive medium before the temporal UWB emission profiles data were acquired for a period of 24h inside a dark chamber of an especially implemented instrumentation capable of doing photon counting measurements. For the optical density measurements, a spectrophotometer was used to acquire the growth kinetics of those cultures for a period of 13h, and the results compared to the UWB profiles. Periodic time-components analysis of the UWB data from both the set of standard E. coli samples and the set of the river's water samples were performed and compared to each other. The results have shown that the UWB temporal profiles resemble in some way the growth kinetics curve and the periodic time-components analysis is an effective way to discriminate between contaminated and non-contaminated samples, therefore the method may be viable for detecting coliforms in water samples in less time than usual methods.

Optical inclinometer based on a single long-period fiber grating combined with a fused taper.

A new concept to measure rotation angles based on a fiber-optic modal Mach-Zehnder interferometer is demonstrated by using a nonadiabatic taper cascaded with a long-period fiber grating. Information about the magnitude of the rotation angle can be obtained from the measurement of the interference pattern visibility, and under certain conditions it is also possible to obtain the sign of the rotation angle from the induced phase variation in the fiber interferometer.