ABSTRACT
It can be challenging to assign patients to the appropriate intervention programs, as risk and protective factors for developing emotional disorders are multiple and shared across disorders. This study aimed to provide a theoretical and empirical approach to identify and categorise adolescents into different levels of severity. The risk of developing emotional symptoms was assessed in 1425 Spanish adolescents (M = 14.34, SD = 1.76; 59.9% women). Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify subgroups based on their emotional symptom severity, risk, and resilience factors. Results revealed four profiles: at low risk (emotionally healthy), moderate risk (for selective interventions), high risk (for indicated interventions), and severe risk (for clinical referral). Older age and especially female gender were predictors of higher risk clusters, and there were differences in the levels of psychopathology and health-related quality of life across clusters. Identification of at-risk adolescents for emotional disorders by means of LPA may contribute to designing personalised and tailored prevention programs that match adolescents' specific needs.
ABSTRACT
Background: Suicide is the second leading cause of death in young people aged 15-29 in Spain. It is imperativeto detect cases with suicidal risk for early intervention. The purpose of the study was to examine the self-reportedpresence of suicide spectrum indicators using a trichotomous rating scale: no, yes, prefer not to say. This last alternativewas intended to safeguard the sensitive nature of the phenomenon and explore its clinical character. Method: 5,528adolescents made up the definitive sample (12-18 years; M ± SD = 14.20 ± 1.53; 50.74% female). Results: Prevalencereached 15.38% for ideation, 9.32% for planning, and 3.65% for previous suicide attempts. Girls rates were twicethose of men. Suicidality showed a tendency to increase with age. Adolescents with the presence of suicidal indicators(yes) and omission of response (prefer not to say) both had lower levels of socioemotional strength and subjective well-being, and higher levels of psychopathology than the group with the absence of markers (no). Conclusions: Prefer notto say is a response category that increases the sensitivity of the self-report, allowing more accurate identification ofcases with a high suicidal risk that would go unnoticed by the traditional dichotomous system (no-yes).(AU)
Antecedentes: En España, el suicidio constituye la segunda causa de muerte en jóvenes de 15 a 29 años. Es imperativa ladetección de casos con riesgo suicida para una intervención temprana. El objetivo del estudio fue examinar la presenciaautoinformada de indicadores del espectro suicida en adolescentes mediante una escala de respuesta tricotómica: no,sí, no deseo contestar. Incluir esta última alternativa pretendía salvaguardar la naturaleza sensible del fenómeno yexplorar su carácter clínico. Método: 5,528 adolescentes conformaron la muestra definitiva (12-18 años; M ± DT =14,20 ± 1,53; 50,74% mujeres). Resultados: Las prevalencias alcanzaron el 15.38% en ideación, 9,32% en planificacióny 3,65% en tentativas suicidas previas. Las mujeres duplicaron las cifras de los hombres. La suicidalidad mostró unatendencia a incrementar con la edad. Adolescentes con presencia de indicadores suicidas (sí) y omisión de respuesta (nodeseo contestar) obtuvieron, de forma equivalente, niveles inferiores en fortaleza socioemocional y bienestar subjetivo,y superiores en psicopatología, frente al grupo con ausencia de marcadores (no). Conclusiones: No deseo contestarconstituye una categoría de respuesta que incrementa la sensibilidad del autoinforme, permitiendo una identificación másprecisa de casos con alto riesgo suicida que pasarían desapercibidos mediante el sistema dicotómico tradicional (no-sí).(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Psychology, Adolescent , Self Report , Suicide , Suicide, Attempted , Spain , PsychologyABSTRACT
Background: The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is amultidimensional instrument designed to capture emotional, psychological,and social well-being. It is one of the self-report measures of internationaluse in clinical practice and research, although so far it has no validationin Spanish-Speaking adolescents. Therefore, the objective of this studywas to analyze the reliability and validity evidence (structure, convergentand criterion), and the temporal and gender invariance of the MHC-SF inSpanish adolescent population. Method: Two assessment moments with a6-month time interval were used, with an initial sample of 5,479 adolescentsand a later sample of 2,129. Results: The CFA showed optimal fit for thebi-factor model, and an adequate fit for correlated three-factor model. Theresults of the gender and temporal invariance analysis showed optimal fit. Reliability coefficients were all higher than .77. The MHC-SF presented significant positive associations (p < .001) with indicators of well-being (r> .60) and negative associations with indicators of psychological distress(r > -.21). Conclusions: The MHC-SF shows evidence of reliability andvalidity in Spanish adolescents, being the bi-factor model invariant throughtime and across gender groups.
Antecedentes: el Continuo de Salud Mental-Versión Abreviada del Mental Health Continuum (MHC-SF) es uninstrumento multidimensional que evalúa el bienestar emocional, psicológicoy social. Es una de las medidas de autoinforme más utilizadas a nivelinternacional en clínica e investigación, aunque hasta el momento no dispone de validación en adolescentes hispanohablantes. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la fiabilidad y la evidencia de validez (estructural, convergente y de criterio), así como la invarianza temporal y de género del MHC-SF enpoblación adolescente española.Método: se utilizaron dos momentos deevaluación con un intervalo temporal de 6 meses, con una muestra inicial de5.479 adolescentes y una muestra posterior de 2.129. Resultados: los CFA mostraron un ajuste óptimo para el modelo bifactorial y adecuado para elmodelo de factores correlacionados. Los resultados del análisis de invarianza de género y temporal mostraron un buen ajuste. Se observaron coeficientesde consistencia interna superiores a .77. El MHC-SF presentó asociaciones positivas significativas (p < .001) con los indicadores de bienestar (r > .60) y negativas con los de malestar psicológico (r > -.21). Conclusiones: el MHC-SFmuestra evidencias de fiabilidad y validez en adolescentes españoles, siendoel modelo bifactorial invariante en el tiempo y entre grupos de género
Subject(s)
Male , Spain , Affective Symptoms , Social Welfare , Psychological Tests , Stress, Psychological , Reproducibility of Results , Sampling Studies , Psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la presencia de la violencia filioparental en adolescentes y su relación con la perpetración de violencia hacia los iguales y hacia la pareja. En estos análisis se tuvo en cuenta el tipo de violencia filioparental ejercida por los hijos (física y psicológica), la frecuencia (ocasional y frecuente), el sexo del hijo y el sexo del progenitor. En este estudio participaron 639 adolescentes (49% chicos), entre 12 y 18 años, que cursaban estudios en cuatro centros educativos de enseñanza secundaria. Los resultados mostraron una mayor presencia de la violencia filioparental psicológica ejercida ocasionalmente. Los chicos y chicas con conductas violentas más frecuentes hacia sus progenitores reconocieron más conductas violentas, manifiestas y relacionales, hacia sus iguales. Las chicas que agreden psicológicamente con mayor frecuencia a sus progenitores reconocieron más agresiones psicológicas a su pareja y los chicos que indicaron más agresiones físicas a la madre reconocieron más agresiones físicas a su pareja
The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of child-to-parent violence in adolescents and its relationship with peer violence and teen dating violence perpetration. In these analyses, the type of child-to-parent violence perpetrated by the children (physical and psychological), the frequency (occasional and frequent), the sex of the child and the sex of the parent were taken into account. This study included 639 adolescents (49% boys), between 12 and 18 years old, who were studying in four secondary schools. The results showed a greater presence of psychological child-to-parent violence occasionally exercised. Adolescent boys and girls with more frequent violent behavior towards their parents recognized more overt and relational violent behaviors towards their peers. The girls who more frequently attack their parents psychologically recognized more psychological aggressions to their partner and the boys who indicated more physical aggressions to the mother recognized more physical aggressions to their partner