ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Immunosorbent Techniques , Plasmapheresis/methods , Encephalitis/therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/diagnosisABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Mitochondrial Diseases/diagnosis , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Seizures/diagnosis , Seizures, Febrile/diagnosis , Comorbidity , Genetic MarkersABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is frequently accompanied by difficult-to-treat epilepsy, which conditions these patients' quality of life and cognitive level. AIM. To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, as well as the treatment of patients affected by TSC with epilepsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was carried out of the medical records of 30 patients aged under 18 registered in our database, who had been diagnosed with TSC and epilepsy. RESULTS: The age at onset of epilepsy in the patients with TSC in our series ranged from one month to four years. All of them began with partial crises. Two presented West's syndrome and four others had infantile spasms without hypsarrhythmia. In 19 of the patients, the epilepsy was medication resistant. As regards treatment with antiepileptic drugs, 11 are in monotherapy, 10 in bitherapy, seven in tritherapy and one with four drugs. Two were given ACTH, two carry an implanted vagal nerve stimulator, four receive treatment with everolimus and eight have undergone surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Epilepsy is a very common problem and begins in the early years of life in TSC. There are currently a large number of therapeutic options available, although 63.3% of patients have non-controlled epilepsy and most of them present crises on a daily basis. Poor control of their crises is correlated with mental retardation and autism spectrum disorder. The positive response obtained with other therapeutic possibilities, such as mTOR pathway inhibitors, surgery and vagal nerve stimulator, should be noted.
TITLE: Posibilidades terapeuticas en la epilepsia refractaria en el complejo esclerosis tuberosa.Introduccion. El complejo esclerosis tuberosa (CET) cursa frecuentemente con epilepsia de dificil control, lo que condiciona la calidad de vida y el nivel cognitivo de estos pacientes. Objetivo. Describir las caracteristicas epidemiologicas, clinicas y el tratamiento de los pacientes afectos de CET con epilepsia. Pacientes y metodos. Se han revisado retrospectivamente las historias clinicas de 30 pacientes menores de 18 años, diagnosticados de CET y epilepsia registrados en nuestra base de datos. Resultados. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en los pacientes con CET en nuestra serie esta comprendida entre el primer mes de vida y los 4 años. Todos comenzaron con crisis parciales. Dos presentaron sindrome de West y cuatro, espasmos infantiles sin hipsarritmia. En 19 de los pacientes, la epilepsia se comporto como farmacorresistente. Respecto al tratamiento con farmacos antiepilepticos, 11 estan en monoterapia, 10 en biterapia, siete en triterapia y uno con cuatro farmacos. Dos recibieron ACTH, dos tienen implantado un estimulador del nervio vago, cuatro reciben tratamiento con everolimus y ocho han sido sometidos a cirugia. Conclusiones. La epilepsia es un problema muy frecuente y de inicio en los primeros años de vida en el CET. Las opciones terapeuticas actuales son muchas, sin embargo el 63,3% de los pacientes tiene una epilepsia no controlada y la mayoria de ellos presenta crisis diarias. El mal control de las crisis se correlaciona con retraso mental y trastorno del espectro autista. Señalar la respuesta positiva obtenida con otras posibilidades terapeuticas: inhibidores de la via mTOR, cirugia y el estimulador del nervio vago.
Subject(s)
Epilepsies, Partial/therapy , Tuberous Sclerosis/complications , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/therapeutic use , Age of Onset , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Astrocytoma/etiology , Astrocytoma/physiopathology , Astrocytoma/surgery , Brain Neoplasms/etiology , Brain Neoplasms/physiopathology , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Child , Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/etiology , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Drug Resistance , Drug Therapy, Combination , Epilepsies, Partial/etiology , Epilepsies, Partial/surgery , Everolimus , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intellectual Disability/etiology , Male , Retrospective Studies , Sirolimus/analogs & derivatives , Sirolimus/therapeutic use , Spasms, Infantile/etiology , Spasms, Infantile/therapy , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Tuberous Sclerosis/surgery , Vagus Nerve StimulationABSTRACT
Introducción. El tratamiento de las crisis epilépticas prolongadas requiere disponer de una medicación de rescate cómoda, segura y efectiva. Actualmente, el tratamiento estándar en la comunidad es el diacepam rectal. La introducción de una solución bucal de midazolam abre una perspectiva nueva en el tratamiento. Objetivo. Evaluar el coste-efectividad del midazolam bucal respecto al diacepam rectal para los niños con un diagnóstico de epilepsia que presentan crisis convulsivas prolongadas en la comunidad en España. Materiales y métodos. Modelo coste-efectividad desde la perspectiva del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) español, con resultados presentados en términos de costes y años de vida ajustados por calidad. Los datos se obtuvieron de varias fuentes, incluidas las estimaciones de efectividad clínica de un ensayo clínico, de un panel Delphi en España y de una encuesta nacional a padres de niños con epilepsia para determinar las prácticas actuales. Resultados. El tratamiento con midazolam bucal produce un ahorro de costes en comparación con el diacepam rectal. El ahorro para el SNS español es de 5.484 euros por paciente al año. El tratamiento con midazolam bucal ofrece una mejora en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Esto, unido al ahorro de costes, hace que el midazolam bucal sea dominante frente al diacepam rectal en todos los escenarios examinados. Conclusión. Los resultados del modelo muestran que el midazolam bucal es más coste-efectivo que el diacepam rectal debido a una reducción en la necesidad de llamadas a la ambulancia y estancias en el hospital, así como a una mejora en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (AU)
Introduction. To be able to treat prolonged epileptic crises practical, safe and effective rescue medication is needed. Today, the standard treatment in community healthcare is rectal diazepam. The introduction of a buccal solution of midazolam opens up a new perspective in their treatment. Aims. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of buccal midazolam with respect to rectal diazepam for children diagnosed with epilepsy who present prolonged convulsive seizures in the community setting in Spain. Materials and methods. The study produces a model of its cost-effectiveness from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System (SNS), with the outcomes presented in terms of cost-quality adjusted life years. Data were collected from different sources, including estimations regarding the clinical effectiveness from a clinical trial, from a Delphi panel in Spain and from a national survey carried out on parents of children with epilepsy in order to determine the current practices. Results. Treatment with buccal midazolam produces a saving in costs in comparison to rectal diazepam. The amount saved by the Spanish SNS comes to 5,484 euros per patient per year. Treatment with buccal midazolam offers an improved health-related quality of life. This, together with the savings in costs, means that there is a dominance of buccal midazolam over rectal diazepam in all the settings that have been examined. Conclusions. The results obtained with the model show that buccal midazolam is more cost-effective than rectal diazepam due to a reduction in the need to call out ambulances and for stays in hospital, as well as an improved health-related quality of life (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Seizures/drug therapy , Status Epilepticus/drug therapy , 50303 , Drug Costs/statistics & numerical data , Administration, Oral , Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage , Emergency Treatment/methodsABSTRACT
Objetivo. Describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y el tratamiento de los pacientes afectos de CET con epilepsia. Pacientes y métodos. Se han revisado retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 30 pacientes menores de 18 años, diagnosticados de CET y epilepsia registrados en nuestra base de datos. Resultados. La edad de inicio de la epilepsia en los pacientes con CET en nuestra serie está comprendida entre el primer mes de vida y los 4 años. Todos comenzaron con crisis parciales. Dos presentaron síndrome de West y cuatro, espasmos infantiles sin hipsarritmia. En 19 de los pacientes, la epilepsia se comportó como farmacorresistente. Respecto al tratamiento con fármacos antiepilépticos, 11 están en monoterapia, 10 en biterapia, siete en triterapia y uno con cuatro fármacos. Dos recibieron ACTH, dos tienen implantado un estimulador del nervio vago, cuatro reciben tratamiento con everolimus y ocho han sido sometidos a cirugía. Conclusiones. La epilepsia es un problema muy frecuente y de inicio en los primeros años de vida en el CET. Las opciones terapéuticas actuales son muchas, sin embargo el 63,3% de los pacientes tiene una epilepsia no controlada y la mayoría de ellos presenta crisis diarias. El mal control de las crisis se correlaciona con retraso mental y trastorno del espectro autista. Señalar la respuesta positiva obtenida con otras posibilidades terapéuticas: inhibidores de la vía mTOR, cirugía y el estimulador del nervio vago (AU)
Introduction. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is frequently accompanied by difficult-to-treat epilepsy, which conditions these patients quality of life and cognitive level. Aim. To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, as well as the treatment of patients affected by TSC with epilepsy. Patients and methods. A retrospective review was carried out of the medical records of 30 patients aged under 18 registered in our database, who had been diagnosed with TSC and epilepsy. Results. The age at onset of epilepsy in the patients with TSC in our series ranged from one month to four years. All of them began with partial crises. Two presented Wests syndrome and four others had infantile spasms without hypsarrhythmia. In 19 of the patients, the epilepsy was medication resistant. As regards treatment with antiepileptic drugs, 11 are in monotherapy, 10 in bitherapy, seven in tritherapy and one with four drugs. Two were given ACTH, two carry an implanted vagal nerve stimulator, four receive treatment with everolimus and eight have undergone surgery. Conclusions. Epilepsy is a very common problem and begins in the early years of life in TSC. There are currently a large number of therapeutic options available, although 63.3% of patients have non-controlled epilepsy and most of them present crises on a daily basis. Poor control of their crises is correlated with mental retardation and autism spectrum disorder. The positive response obtained with other therapeutic possibilities, such as mTOR pathway inhibitors, surgery and vagal nerve stimulator, should be noted (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Tuberous Sclerosis/complications , Astrocytoma/pathology , Giant Cell Tumors/pathology , Vagus Nerve Stimulation , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: To be able to treat prolonged epileptic crises practical, safe and effective rescue medication is needed. Today, the standard treatment in community healthcare is rectal diazepam. The introduction of a buccal solution of midazolam opens up a new perspective in their treatment. AIMS: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of buccal midazolam with respect to rectal diazepam for children diagnosed with epilepsy who present prolonged convulsive seizures in the community setting in Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study produces a model of its cost-effectiveness from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System (SNS), with the outcomes presented in terms of cost-quality adjusted life years. Data were collected from different sources, including estimations regarding the clinical effectiveness from a clinical trial, from a Delphi panel in Spain and from a national survey carried out on parents of children with epilepsy in order to determine the current practices. RESULTS: Treatment with buccal midazolam produces a saving in costs in comparison to rectal diazepam. The amount saved by the Spanish SNS comes to 5,484 euros per patient per year. Treatment with buccal midazolam offers an improved health-related quality of life. This, together with the savings in costs, means that there is a dominance of buccal midazolam over rectal diazepam in all the settings that have been examined. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained with the model show that buccal midazolam is more cost-effective than rectal diazepam due to a reduction in the need to call out ambulances and for stays in hospital, as well as an improved health-related quality of life.
TITLE: Coste-efectividad de una solucion bucal de midazolam en el tratamiento de las crisis convulsivas prolongadas en el entorno ambulatorio en España.Introduccion. El tratamiento de las crisis epilepticas prolongadas requiere disponer de una medicacion de rescate comoda, segura y efectiva. Actualmente, el tratamiento estandar en la comunidad es el diacepam rectal. La introduccion de una solucion bucal de midazolam abre una perspectiva nueva en el tratamiento. Objetivo. Evaluar el coste-efectividad del midazolam bucal respecto al diacepam rectal para los niños con un diagnostico de epilepsia que presentan crisis convulsivas prolongadas en la comunidad en España. Materiales y metodos. Modelo coste-efectividad desde la perspectiva del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) español, con resultados presentados en terminos de costes y años de vida ajustados por calidad. Los datos se obtuvieron de varias fuentes, incluidas las estimaciones de efectividad clinica de un ensayo clinico, de un panel Delphi en España y de una encuesta nacional a padres de niños con epilepsia para determinar las practicas actuales. Resultados. El tratamiento con midazolam bucal produce un ahorro de costes en comparacion con el diacepam rectal. El ahorro para el SNS español es de 5.484 euros por paciente al año. El tratamiento con midazolam bucal ofrece una mejora en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Esto, unido al ahorro de costes, hace que el midazolam bucal sea dominante frente al diacepam rectal en todos los escenarios examinados. Conclusion. Los resultados del modelo muestran que el midazolam bucal es mas coste-efectivo que el diacepam rectal debido a una reduccion en la necesidad de llamadas a la ambulancia y estancias en el hospital, asi como a una mejora en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.
Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants/economics , Midazolam/economics , National Health Programs/economics , Status Epilepticus/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Administration, Rectal , Adolescent , Ambulatory Care/economics , Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Cost Savings/statistics & numerical data , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Critical Care/economics , Critical Care/statistics & numerical data , Decision Trees , Delphi Technique , Diazepam/administration & dosage , Diazepam/economics , Diazepam/therapeutic use , Drug Costs/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Service, Hospital/economics , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Female , Health Care Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Costs/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/economics , Humans , Infant , Male , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Midazolam/therapeutic use , Models, Economic , Parents/psychology , Patient Satisfaction , Quality-Adjusted Life Years , Solutions , SpainABSTRACT
Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant disease, with variable expressivity and multisystemic involvement, which is characterised by the growth of benign tumours called hamartomas. The organs that are most commonly affected are the brain, skin, kidneys, eyes, heart and lungs. Of all the children with this disease, 85% present neurological manifestations that, due to their severity, are the main cause of morbidity and mortality. The most significant neurological manifestations are epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders and mental retardation. It has been shown that in tuberous sclerosis complex the genes TSC1 and TSC2 alter the mTOR enzyme cascade, which sets off inhibition of this pathway. The possibility of resorting to treatments applied at the origin, thus inhibiting this pathway, is currently being evaluated.
Subject(s)
Molecular Targeted Therapy , Sirolimus/analogs & derivatives , Sirolimus/therapeutic use , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Tuberous Sclerosis/drug therapy , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Astrocytoma/genetics , Autistic Disorder/genetics , Brain Diseases/genetics , Brain Neoplasms/genetics , Drug Design , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Epilepsy/genetics , Epilepsy/surgery , Epilepsy/therapy , Everolimus , Glioma, Subependymal/genetics , Hamartoma/genetics , Humans , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Learning Disabilities/genetics , Learning Disabilities/prevention & control , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Sirolimus/pharmacology , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology , Tuberous Sclerosis/genetics , Tuberous Sclerosis/pathology , Tuberous Sclerosis/psychology , Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein , Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Proteins/physiologyABSTRACT
El complejo esclerosis tuberosa es una enfermedad autosómica dominante, de expresividad variable y afectación multisistémica, caracterizada por el crecimiento de tumores benignos denominados hamartomas. Los órganos principalmente afectados son el cerebro, la piel, el riñón, el ojo, el corazón y el pulmón. El 85% de los niños con esta enfermedad presenta manifestaciones neurológicas que, por su gravedad, constituyen la principal causa de morbimortalidad. Las principales manifestaciones neurológicas son la epilepsia, los trastornos del espectro autista y el retraso mental. Se ha demostrado que en el complejo esclerosis tuberosa los genes TSC1 y TSC2 alteran la cascada enzimática mTOR, lo que pone en marcha la desinhibición de esta vía. En la actualidad, se valora la posibilidad de recurrir a tratamientos en origen, inhibiendo esta vía (AU)
Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant disease, with variable expressivity and multisystemic involvement, which is characterised by the growth of benign tumours called hamartomas. The organs that are most commonly affected are the brain, skin, kidneys, eyes, heart and lungs. Of all the children with this disease, 85% present neurological manifestations that, due to their severity, are the main cause of morbidity and mortality. The most significant neurological manifestations are epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders and mental retardation. It has been shown that in tuberous sclerosis complex the genes TSC1 and TSC2 alter the mTOR enzyme cascade, which sets off inhibition of this pathway. The possibility of resorting to treatments applied at the origin, thus inhibiting this pathway, is currently being evaluated (AU)