The association between Life's Essential 8 and all-cause, cancer and non-cancer mortality in US Cancer Survivors: A retrospective cohort study of NHANES.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a measure of cardiovascular health (CVH), associations with mortality outcomes in cancer survivors. METHODS: A prospective cohort study included 1818 cancer survivors aged ≥20 years (weighted population: 13,204,583) from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Linked to mortality data through 2019, LE8 data were gathered through self-reports and lab tests. An LE8 score of 80-100 is considered high CVH, 60-79 is moderate CVH, and 0-59 is low CVH. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to evaluate the associations between LE8 and all-cause, cancer-specific and non-cancer mortality. Subsequently, subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between LE8 and mortality rates across various subgroups. RESULTS: At baseline, there were 1818 cancer survivors. In a 15-year follow-up, 2548 deaths occurred: 601 from cancer, 647 from heart disease, and 1300 from other causes. Multivariable models showed high CVH associated with lower hazard ratios for all-cause, cancer-specific and non-cancer mortality vs. low CVH. Cumulative mortality rates increased during follow-up, more so in the low CVH group. Subgroup analysis revealed significant LE8 interactions with age or Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) for all-cause mortality. Additionally, significant interactions between LE8 and PIR were identified for cancer-specific and non-cancer mortality risks (P for interaction <0.05). CONCLUSION: Among U.S. cancer survivors, higher CVH is independently linked to lower all-cause, cancer-specific, and non-cancer mortality risks. The new CVH definition shows promise as a primary prevention strategy to reduce mortality rates in U.S. cancer survivors.

Association Between Live Microbe Intake and NAFLD: Evidence From NHANES 2003-2018.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to shed light on the potential relationship between live microbe intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHOD: By using a cross-sectional study design, the researchers were able to investigate the possible causal association between the two variables in a rigorous and systematic manner. RESULTS: Our study investigated the correlation between the intake of live microbe-containing foods and NAFLD in a representative sample of adults. The study found that the intake of live microbe-containing foods was associated with lower blood pressure, plasma glucose, NAFLD, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (p < 0.05). In univariate logistic regression, high dietary live microbe intake was associated with lower NAFLD prevalence than low intake (OR = 0.830; 95% CI, 0.759 to 0.908; p < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple variables, the same conclusion was supported (p < 0.05). In subgroup analyses, there was a significant difference in the race and smoking groups, with p for interaction of 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. This study's findings serve to augment the existing body of evidence linking live microbes with favorable health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed a robust correlation between dietary intake of live microbes and the prevalence of NAFLD in a cross-sectional analysis. Our findings offer a novel perspective on NAFLD research, highlighting the potential of targeted modulation of specific bacterial taxa, including the promotion of beneficial bacteria and suppression of harmful ones, as a promising strategy for preventing and treating NAFLD.

Neutrophil extracellular traps regulating tumorimmunity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

As a component of the innate immune system, there is emerging evidence to suggest that neutrophils may play a critical role in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like chromatin structures that protrude from the membranes during neutrophil activation. Recent research has shown that NETs, which are at the forefront of the renewed interest in neutrophil studies, are increasingly intertwined with HCC. By exploring the mechanisms of NETs in HCC, we aim to improve our understanding of the role of NETs and gain deeper insights into neutrophil biology. Therefore, this article provides a summary of key findings and discusses the emerging field of NETs in HCC.

Unexpected reaction of "wild-type" gastrointestinal stromal tumor to imatinib: case report and literature review.

Background: Most of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are driven by mutations in the KIT/PDGFRA genes and can benefit from TKIs treatment. However, a small subset of GIST (10%-15%) are called "wild-type" GISTs due to the lack of these mutations. Theoretically, they would not benefit from TKIs treatment and may even develop resistance. Therefore, this unexpected response may challenge inherent perceptions. Herein, we present a case of giant wild-type GIST exhibiting an unexpected response to imatinib(IM), followed by laparoscopic surgical resection. Subsequently, potential underlying mechanisms are discussed. Case description: This case describes a 57-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain for two weeks. CT revealed a massive lesion near the splenic hilum along the greater curvature of the stomach, concurrently involving the splenic hilar vessels and surrounding lymph nodes. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy confirmed it is a mesenchymal spindle cell tumor,GIST. Due to the enormous volume and local invasion, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was initially considered. After 6 months of IM 400 mg/d, CT imaging revealed marked changes in tumor heterogeneity and a significant reduction in volume. Subsequently, laparoscopic surgical resection was performed. Postoperative pathological examination, immunohistochemistry, and genetic testing collectively confirmed it is a wild-type GIST.The patient recovered well and was discharged on the 6th day after surgery, with continued oral IM(400 mg/d) after discharge. No recurrence was observed during follow-up until the publication of this report. Conclusion: This unexpected response suggests that wild-type GISTs may benefit from TKIs treatment, and the potential mechanisms warrant further investigation. Additionally, true wild-type GIST may not be discerned due to current limitations of Next-Generation Sequencing(NGS). Therefore, for advanced/high-risk GIST, additional genetic analysis can be performed after negative NGS results.

Catalytic epoxidation of a technical mixture of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate in ionic liquids using MoO(O2)2.2QOH (QOH = 8-quinilinol) as catalyst and NaHCO3 as co-catalyst.

The oxo-diperoxo molybdenum(VI) complex MoO(O(2))(2).2QOH (QOH = 8-quinilinol) was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectra. The ionic liquids (ILs) [bmim][BF(4)], [hydemim][BF(4)], and [bmim][PF(6)] were characterized by (1)H-NMR and UV-Vis spectra. The epoxidation of a technical mixture of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate with H(2)O(2), in [bmim][BF(4)], [hydemim][BF(4)] and [bmim][PF(6)], catalyzed by MoO(O(2))(2).2QOH (QOH = 8-quinilinol) and with NaHCO(3) as co-catalyst has been studied for the first time. It was found that high conversions of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate to their respective oxidation products, as well as the total selectivity of their oxidation products to oxirane in [hydemim][BF(4)] were obtained. Also, the IL phases containing the Mo(VI) catalyst can be readily recycled by washing with diethyl ether and drying, and the Mo(VI) catalyst can be reused at least five times.