ABSTRACT
A highly efficient synthesis of polysubstituted oxazoles was developed via a copper-catalyzed tandem oxidative cyclization. The desired products can be obtained from readily available starting materials under mild conditions. This is an attractive alternative method for the synthesis of oxazole derivatives.
Subject(s)
Copper/chemistry , Organometallic Compounds/chemistry , Oxazoles/chemical synthesis , Cyclization , Molecular Structure , Oxazoles/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
A series of highly functionalized 2-pyrrolines have been constructed by using a novel FeCl(3)-catalyzed reaction of aziridines with arylalkynes, in which an aryl-substituted alkenyl cation is involved.
Subject(s)
Alkynes/chemistry , Aziridines/chemistry , Ferric Compounds/chemistry , Pyrroles/chemistry , Catalysis , Chlorides , Cyclization , Pyrroles/chemical synthesisABSTRACT
A series of functionalized 4H-chromenes have been constructed by using a novel FeCl(3)-catalyzed benzylation-cyclization tandem reaction.
Subject(s)
Chromans/chemical synthesis , Catalysis , Chlorides , Chromans/chemistry , Cyclization , Ferric Compounds/chemistry , Molecular Structure , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Cedemex on cAMP and cGMP contents in different brain regions in morphine withdrawal rats precipitated by naloxone. METHOD: A physical morphine dependent model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing dosage within 7 days. cAMP and cGMP contents of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the rat brains were determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULT: The morphine withdrawal symptoms of rats were relieved significantly by ig Cedemex. Compared with the controls, cAMP content in the region of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly higher (P < 0.05), while cGMP contents in those regions were significantly lower (P < 0.05). cAMP contents in the area of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly reduced, while cGMP contents were significantly increased by ig Cedemex. CONCLUSION: Cedemex may significantly attenuate the morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats. The mechanism of this effect may be related to adjusting the contents of cAMP and cGMP in some brain regions.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Brain/metabolism , Cyclic AMP/metabolism , Cyclic GMP/metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Morphine/adverse effects , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism , Animals , Brain/pathology , Cerebral Cortex/drug effects , Cerebral Cortex/metabolism , Hippocampus/drug effects , Hippocampus/metabolism , RatsABSTRACT
Reactions of 2-amino-aryl alcohols with beta-ketoesters catalyzed by a catalytic amount of FeCl3 via tandem benzylation-cyclization produce the corresponding 3-quinolinecarboxylic esters in good to high yields. Extending this methodology to propargylation-cyclization, 2-nitrophenyl propargyl alcohols with beta-ketoesters catalyzed by FeCl3 and SnCl2 also produce the 4-alkyne-3-quinolinecarboxylic esters. The mechanistic details of this benzylation/propargylation and cyclization cascade process are also discussed.
Subject(s)
Quinolines/chemistry , Alkynes , Benzyl Alcohol , Cyclization , Esters/chemistry , PropanolsABSTRACT
Double-stranded DNA of natural origin can be used to facilitate nitro-aldol (or Henry) reaction in aqueous solution.