Acceptance of Behavior Guidance Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry Between American and Colombian Parents.

Purpose: To compare the degree of acceptance of behavior guidance techniques (BGT) in pediatric dentistry between American and Colombian parents. Methods: American parents (n=150) and Colombian parents (n=150) of children between three and 12 years of age undergoing pediatric dental treatment participated in this multicenter cross-sectional study. Parents viewed a video depicting 10 BGTs approved by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and rated their acceptance on a visual analog scale. Differences in the degree of acceptance were analyzed using quantile regression analysis. The level of significance was set at five percent. Results: American parents generally demonstrated higher median acceptance scores across various BGTs compared to Colombian parents (P<0.05). American parents exhibited higher acceptance levels of tell-show-do, voice control, non-verbal communication, positive reinforcement, distraction, presence/absence of parents and nitrous oxide, with statistically significant differences noted. American parents also displayed higher acceptance scores for advanced techniques such as protective stabilization, conscious sedation and general anesthesia. Conclusion: American parents consistently exhibited higher acceptance BGTs, suggesting variations in cultural attitudes toward pediatric dental care between the two groups.

Association between hypomineralization of deciduous and molar incisor hypomineralization and dental caries.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the severity of hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM), molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and dental caries in children. 450 children between the ages of 6 and 7 years were included in this cross-sectional study. A calibrated examiner classified the enamel hypomineralizations and dental caries lesions using the MIH and HSPM and the Nyvad criteria, respectively. The primary outcome was the severity of MIH according to the severity of HSPM. Statistical analysis was performed using the generalized linear model and ordinal logistic regression. The prevalence of concomitant MIH and HSPM was 26% sex and age adjusted. Mild enamel defects were more frequent than severe enamel defects. An association was found between the severity of MIH and HSPM, both for mild defects (OR=87.54; 95%CI: 55.87, 137.17) and severe defects (OR=82.15; 95%CI: 45.72, 147.61). The severity of hypomineralization in permanent molars was associated with the activity of dental caries lesions (OR=29.85; 95%CI: 12.95, 68.83). To conclude, there is a strong association between the severity of HSPM and MIH, which is more significant in the presence of active dental caries lesions.

Association between hypomineralization of deciduous and molar incisor hypomineralization and dental caries

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the association between the severity of hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM), molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and dental caries in children. 450 children between the ages of 6 and 7 years were included in this cross-sectional study. A calibrated examiner classified the enamel hypomineralizations and dental caries lesions using the MIH and HSPM and the Nyvad criteria, respectively. The primary outcome was the severity of MIH according to the severity of HSPM. Statistical analysis was performed using the generalized linear model and ordinal logistic regression. The prevalence of concomitant MIH and HSPM was 26% sex and age adjusted. Mild enamel defects were more frequent than severe enamel defects. An association was found between the severity of MIH and HSPM, both for mild defects (OR=87.54; 95%CI: 55.87, 137.17) and severe defects (OR=82.15; 95%CI: 45.72, 147.61). The severity of hypomineralization in permanent molars was associated with the activity of dental caries lesions (OR=29.85; 95%CI: 12.95, 68.83). To conclude, there is a strong association between the severity of HSPM and MIH, which is more significant in the presence of active dental caries lesions.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a associação entre a severidade da Hipomineralização de Segundos Molares decíduos (HSMD), da Hipomineralização de Molares e Incisivos (HMI) e cárie dentária em crianças. Neste estudo transversal foram incluídas 450 crianças entre 6 e 7 anos de idade. Um examinador calibrado classificou as hipomineralizações e lesões de cárie dentária utilizando o índice da HMI/HMD e o critério Nyvad, respectivamente. O desfecho primário foi a severidade da HMI de acordo com a severidade da HSMD. As análises estatísticas foram realizas usando o modelo linear generalizado e regressão logística ordinal. A prevalencia concomitante da HMI e HMSD foi de 26 % ajustada por sexo e idade. Defeitos leves foram mais frequentes que os defeitos severos. Foi encontrada a associação entre a severidade da HMI e da HSMD para defeitos leves (OR=87.54; IC95%: 55.87, 137.17) e severos (OR=82.15; IC95%: 45.72, 147.61). A severidade da hipomineralização em molares permamentes foi associada a atividade da lesão de cárie dentária (OR=29.85; IC95%: 12.95, 68.83). Conclui-se que existe uma forte associação entre a severidade da HSMD e da HMI, a qual foi mais significante na presença lesões ativas de cárie.

Characterization of polymicrobial biofilms obtained from saliva or carious lesions in dentin.

This study aimed to compare the formation of polymicrobial biofilms using carious dentin or saliva as inoculum for application in in vitro microbiological studies on caries research. For biofilm growth, combined samples of infected dentin or saliva from three donors were used. The biofilms were grown on glass coverslips, under a regimen of intermittent exposure (6 h day-1) to 1% sucrose for 4 days. Total bacterial loads, as well as specific aciduric bacteria and mutans streptococci loads were quantified and correlated with biofilm acidogenicity and susceptibility to chlorhexidine. The data were evaluated using the Student's-t, Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The two biofilms showed similar microbial loads (total bacteria, aciduric bacteria and mutans streptococci) on day 4, and high acidogenicity after 48 h and were susceptible to chlorhexidine at different time intervals. In conclusion, both dentin and saliva can be used as an inoculum in in vitro studies of processes related to biofilm formation.

Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces naeslundii Interaction in Dual-Species Biofilm.

The study of bacterial interaction between Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces naeslundii may disclose important features of biofilm interspecies relationships. The aim of this study was to characterize-with an emphasis on biofilm formation and composition and metabolic activity-single- and dual-species biofilms of S. mutans or A. naeslundii, and to use a drip flow reactor (DFR) to evaluate biofilm stress responses to 0.2% chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX). Single- and dual-species biofilms were grown for 24 h. The following factors were evaluated: cell viability, biomass and total proteins in the extracellular matrix, 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide-"XTT"-reduction and lactic acid production. To evaluate stress response, biofilms were grown in DFR. Biofilms were treated with CHX or 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl; control). Biofilms were plated for viability assessment. Confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM) was also performed. Data analysis was carried out at 5% significance level. S. mutans viability and lactic acid production in dual-species biofilms were significantly reduced. S. mutans showed a higher resistance to CHX in dual-species biofilms. Total protein content, biomass and XTT reduction showed no significant differences between single- and dual-species biofilms. CLSM images showed the formation of large clusters in dual-species biofilms. In conclusion, dual-species biofilms reduced S. mutans viability and lactic acid production and increased S. mutans' resistance to chlorhexidine.