Using the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in academic writing in health: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: to map the scientific literature regarding the use of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, ChatGPT, in academic writing in health. METHOD: this was a scoping review, following the JBI methodology. Conventional databases and gray literature were included. The selection of studies was applied after removing duplicates and individual and paired evaluation. Data were extracted based on an elaborate script, and presented in a descriptive, tabular and graphical format. RESULTS: the analysis of the 49 selected articles revealed that ChatGPT is a versatile tool, contributing to scientific production, description of medical procedures and preparation of summaries aligned with the standards of scientific journals. Its application has been shown to improve the clarity of writing and benefits areas such as innovation and automation. Risks were also observed, such as the possibility of lack of originality and ethical issues. Future perspectives highlight the need for adequate regulation, agile adaptation and the search for an ethical balance in incorporating ChatGPT into academic writing. CONCLUSION: ChatGPT presents transformative potential in academic writing in health. However, its adoption requires rigorous human supervision, solid regulation, and transparent guidelines to ensure its responsible and beneficial use by the scientific community.

Bioprospecting of Metabolites from Actinomycetes and their Applications.

Actinomycetes are present in various terrestrial and aquatic habitats, predominantly in the soil rhizosphere, encompassing marine and freshwater ecosystems. These microorganisms exhibit characteristics that resemble both bacteria and fungi. Numerous actinomycetes exhibit a mycelial existence and undergo significant morphological transformations. These bacteria are widely recognized as biotechnologically significant microorganisms utilized for the production of secondary metabolites. In all, over 45% of all bioactive microbial metabolites are produced by actinomycetes, which are responsible for producing around 10,000 of them. The majority of actinomycetes exhibit substantial saprophytic characteristics in their natural environment, enabling them to effectively decompose a diverse range of plant and animal waste materials during the process of decomposition. Additionally, these organisms possess a sophisticated secondary metabolic system, which enables them to synthesize almost two-thirds of all naturally occurring antibiotics. Moreover, they can create a diverse array of chemical compounds with medical or agricultural applications, including anticancer, antiparasitic, and antibacterial agents. This review aims to provide an overview of the prominent biotechnological domains in which actinobacteria and their metabolites demonstrate noteworthy applicability. The graphical abstract provides a preview of the primary sections covered in this review. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of the biotechnological applications and metabolites of actinobacteria, highlighting their potential for patent innovations.

Using the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in academic writing in health: a scoping review / Uso del Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer en la escritura académica en salud: una revisión de alcance / Uso do Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer na escrita acadêmica em saúde: uma revisão do escopo

Objective: to map the scientific literature regarding the use of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, ChatGPT, in academic writing in health. Method: this was a scoping review, following the JBI methodology. Conventional databases and gray literature were included. The selection of studies was applied after removing duplicates and individual and paired evaluation. Data were extracted based on an elaborate script, and presented in a descriptive, tabular and graphical format. Results: the analysis of the 49 selected articles revealed that ChatGPT is a versatile tool, contributing to scientific production, description of medical procedures and preparation of summaries aligned with the standards of scientific journals. Its application has been shown to improve the clarity of writing and benefits areas such as innovation and automation. Risks were also observed, such as the possibility of lack of originality and ethical issues. Future perspectives highlight the need for adequate regulation, agile adaptation and the search for an ethical balance in incorporating ChatGPT into academic writing. Conclusion: ChatGPT presents transformative potential in academic writing in health. However, its adoption requires rigorous human supervision, solid regulation, and transparent guidelines to ensure its responsible and beneficial use by the scientific community.

Objetivo: mapear la literatura científica sobre el uso del Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer , ChatGPT, en la escritura académica en salud. Método: se trató de una revisión de alcance, siguiendo la metodología del JBI. Se incluyeron bases de datos convencionales y literatura gris. La selección de los estudios se realizó previa eliminación de duplicados y evaluación individual y en pares. Los datos se extrajeron basándose en un guión elaborado y se presentaron en un formato descriptivo, tabular y gráfico. Resultados: el análisis de los 49 artículos seleccionados reveló que ChatGPT es una herramienta versátil, que contribuye a la producción científica, descripción de procedimientos médicos y elaboración de resúmenes alineados con los estándares de las revistas científicas. Se ha demostrado que su aplicación mejora la claridad de la redacción y beneficia áreas como la innovación y la automatización. También se observaron riesgos, como la posibilidad de falta de originalidad y cuestiones éticas. Las perspectivas futuras resaltan la necesidad de una regulación adecuada, adaptación ágil y búsqueda de un equilibrio ético en la incorporación del ChatGPT a la escritura académica. Conclusión: ChatGPT presenta un potencial transformador en la escritura académica en el área de la salud. Sin embargo, su adopción requiere una supervisión humana rigurosa, una regulación sólida y directrices transparentes para garantizar su uso responsable y beneficioso por parte de la comunidad científica.

Objetivo: mapear a literatura científica referente ao uso do Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer , ChatGPT, na escrita acadêmica em saúde. Método: tratou-se de uma revisão de escopo, seguindo o método do JBI. Foram incluídas bases de dados convencionais e literatura cinzenta. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada após a remoção de duplicatas e avaliação individual e em pares. Os dados foram extraídos com base em um roteiro elaborado, e apresentados de forma descritiva, tabular e gráfica. Resultados: a análise dos 49 artigos selecionados mostrou que o ChatGPT é uma ferramenta versátil, que contribui para a produção científica, descrição de procedimentos médicos e elaboração de resumos alinhados aos padrões das revistas científicas. Sua aplicação melhorou a clareza da redação e beneficia áreas como inovação e automação. Também foram observados riscos, como a possibilidade de falta de originalidade e questões éticas. Perspectivas futuras destacam a necessidade de regulamentação adequada, adaptação ágil e busca por um equilíbrio ético na incorporação do ChatGPT na escrita acadêmica. Conclusão: o ChatGPT apresenta um potencial transformador na escrita acadêmica na área da saúde. Contudo, sua adoção requer supervisão humana rigorosa, regulamentação sólida e diretrizes transparentes para garantir seu uso responsável e benéfico pela comunidade científica.

POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF ChatGPT® TO LEARNING ABOUT SEPTIC SHOCK IN INTENSIVE CARE / POTENCIAL APORTE DE APLICAR ChatGPT® EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE SHOCK SÉPTICO EN CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS / CONTRIBUIÇÃO POTENCIAL DE APLICAÇÃO DO ChatGPT® NA APRENDIZAGEM DO CHOQUE SÉPTICO EM TERAPIA INTENSIVA

ABSTRACT Objective: to demonstrate the application of some prompts and to problematize the use of ChatGPT® to guide the best answers for nursing students and teachers on septic shock in intensive care learning. Method: a methodological study where prompt technology was applied in ChatGPT® to support nursing learning in intensive care with an emphasis on septic shock. The study was organized in 3 stages, covering an understanding of ChatGPT® and models, as well as testing and exercising prompts. Results: applications of prompts were presented, based on a structure of pre-defined stages that made it possible to exemplify the answers given and to organize an output generation diagram as a way of summarizing the process of decision support in intensive care. Conclusion: ChatGPT® is a natural language processing model that uses deep learning approaches to generate human-like answers. However, the generation of prompts for the teaching-learning process in intensive care nursing requires in-depth association with the pillars of evidence-based practice.

RESUMEN Objetivo: demostrar la aplicación de algunos prompts y debatir cómo se utiliza ChatGPT® para orientar las mejores respuestas a estudiantes y profesores de Enfermería sobre shock séptico en la enseñanza de cuidados intensivos. Método: estudio metodológico en el que se aplicó la tecnología de prompts en ChatGPT® para respaldar la enseñanza de Enfermería en cuidados intensivos con énfasis en shock séptico. El estudio se organizó en 3 etapas, contemplando lo que se sabe sobre ChatGPT® y diversos modelos, al igual que pruebas y prácticas con prompts. Resultados: Se presentaron aplicaciones de prompts a partir de una estructura de etapas predefinidas que permitieron ejemplificar respuestas dadas por el sistema y organizar un diagrama de generación de salidas como una manera de resumir el proceso de apoyo a las decisiones que se toman en cuidados intensivos. Conclusión: ChatGPT® es un modelo de procesamiento del lenguaje natural que utiliza enfoques de aprendizaje profundo para generar respuestas semejantes a las humanas. Sin embargo, la generación de los prompts para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en Enfermería de cuidados intensivos requiere una profunda asociación con los pilares de la práctica basada en evidencias.

RESUMO Objetivo: Demostrar a aplicação de alguns prompts e problematizar o uso do ChatGPT® para guiar as melhores respostas aos estudantes e professores de enfermagem sobre choque séptico na aprendizagem em terapia intensiva. Método: Estudo metodológico, com aplicação de tecnologia de prompts no ChatGPT® para apoiar a aprendizagem de enfermagem em terapia intensiva com ênfase no choque séptico. O estudo foi organizado em 3 etapas, contemplando o entendimento sobre o ChatGPT®, modelos, bem como teste e exercício de prompts. Resultados: Foram apresentadas aplicações de prompts a partir de uma estrutura de etapas pré-definidas que permitiram exemplificar respostas dadas e organizar um diagrama de geração de saídas como uma forma de resumir o processo de apoio à tomada de decisão em terapia intensiva. Conclusão: O ChatGPT® é um modelo de processamento de linguagem natural que usa abordagens de aprendizagem profunda para gerar respostas semelhantes às humanas. Contudo, a geração dos prompts para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem em enfermagem de terapia intensiva requer associação profunda com os pilares da prática baseada em evidência.

Biological Synthesis, Characterization, and Therapeutic Potential of S. commune-Mediated Gold Nanoparticles.

Green-synthesized gold nanoparticles demonstrate several therapeutic benefits due to their safety, non-toxicity, accessibility, and ecological acceptance. In our study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were created using an extracellular extract from the fungus Schizophyllum commune (S. commune). The reaction color was observed to be a reddish pink after a 24 h reaction, demonstrating the synthesis of the nanoparticles. The myco-produced nanoparticles were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The TEM pictures depicted sphere-like shapes with sizes ranging from 60 and 120 nm, with an average diameter of 90 nm, which is in agreement with the DLS results. Furthermore, the efficiency of the AuNPs' antifungal and cytotoxic properties, as well as their production of intracellular ROS, was evaluated. Our findings showed that the AuNPs have strong antifungal effects against Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus flavus at increasing doses. Additionally, the AuNPs established a dose-dependent activity against human alveolar basal epithelial cells with adenocarcinoma (A549), demonstrating the potency of synthesized AuNPs as a cytotoxic agent. After 4 h of incubation with AuNPs, a significant increase in intracellular ROS was observed in cancer cells. Therefore, these metallic AuNPs produced by fungus (S. commune) can be used as an effective antifungal, anticancer, and non-toxic immunomodulatory delivery agent.

Engineering siRNA therapeutics: challenges and strategies.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a potential method of gene silencing to target specific genes. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved multiple siRNA-based therapeutics, many biological barriers limit their use for treating diseases. Such limitations include challenges concerning systemic or local administration, short half-life, rapid clearance rates, nonspecific binding, cell membrane penetration inability, ineffective endosomal escape, pH sensitivity, endonuclease degradation, immunological responses, and intracellular trafficking. To overcome these barriers, various strategies have been developed to stabilize siRNA, ensuring their delivery to the target site. Chemical modifications implemented with nucleotides or the phosphate backbone can reduce off-target binding and immune stimulation. Encapsulation or formulation can protect siRNA from endonuclease degradation and enhance cellular uptake while promoting endosomal escape. Additionally, various techniques such as viral vectors, aptamers, cell-penetrating peptides, liposomes, and polymers have been developed for delivering siRNA, greatly improving their bioavailability and therapeutic potential.

Myco-Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Bioactive Role against Pathogenic Microbes.

Nanotechnology based on nanoscale materials is rapidly being used in clinical settings, particularly as a new approach for infectious illnesses. Recently, many physical/chemical approaches utilized to produce nanoparticles are expensive and highly unsafe to biological species and ecosystems. This study demonstrated an environmentally friendly mode of producing nanoparticles (NPs) where Fusarium oxysporum has been employed for generation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were further tested for their antimicrobial potentials against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. The characterization of NPs was completed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, DLS and TEM, where it has been found that the NPs were mostly globular, with the size range of 50 to 100 nm. The myco-synthesized AgNPs showed prominent antibacterial potency observed as zone of inhibition of 2.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.8 mm against Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus anthracis, respectively, at 100 µM. Similarly, at 200 µM for A. alternata, A. flavus and Trichoderma have shown zone of inhibition as 2.6 mm, 2.4 mm, and 2.1 mm, respectively. Moreover, SEM analysis of A. alternata confirmed the hyphal damage where the layers of membranes were torn off, and further EDX data analysis showed the presence of silver NPs, which might be responsible for hyphal damage. The potency of NPs may be related with the capping of fungal proteins that are produced extracellularly. Thus, these AgNPs may be used against pathogenic microbes and play a beneficial role against multi-drug resistance.

Segurança do paciente em uma unidade de pronto atendimento: planejamento de ações estratégicas / Patient safety in an emergency care unit: planning strategic actions / Seguridad del paciente en una unidad de atención de emergencia: planificación de acciones estratégicas

Objetivo: planejar ações estratégicas para a melhoria da qualidade do cuidado e segurança do paciente em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento. Método: pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento de um município do sul do Brasil, entre setembro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019, tendo como participantes os enfermeiros dessa unidade. Utilizou-se como referencial metodológico a Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial, a logicidade do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional e a ferramenta 5W3H. Foram realizadas oficinas com os participantes, para escolha de problemas na segurança do paciente, proposição de melhorias, adequação e aprovação de planos de ação. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o software R e grafos de similitude. Resultados: os problemas "comunicação" e "número insuficiente de profissionais" foram escolhidos por 24 enfermeiros, sugerindo cinco propostas, detalhadas em seis planos de ação. Conclusão: o planejamento estratégico situacional permitiu planejar ações estratégicas de melhoria na assistência que são de governabilidade dos enfermeiros.

Objective: to plan strategic actions to improve the quality of care and patient safety in the Emergency Care Unit. Method: this qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study was conducted in an Emergency Care Unit in a municipality in south Brazil, from September 2018 to February 2019, with the unit's nurses as participants. The methodological frame of reference was given by Convergent Care Research, the logic of Situational Strategic Planning, and the 5W3H tool. Workshops were held with the participants to choose problems in patient safety, propose improvements, and adaptation and approval of action plans. Data were analyzed using R software and similarity graphs. Results: nurses chose the problems "communication" and "too few staff" and made five proposals, detailed in six action plans. Conclusion: by situational strategic planning, strategic actions under nurses' governance were planned to improve care.

Objetivo: planificar acciones estratégicas para mejorar la calidad de la atención y la seguridad del paciente en la Unidad de Atención de Emergencias. Método: investigación descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo, desarrollada en una Unidad de Atención de Emergencias de una ciudad del sur de Brasil, entre septiembre de 2018 y febrero de 2019, cuyas participantes fueron las enfermeras de esta unidad. El marco metodológico utilizado fue la Investigación Convergente de Atención, la lógica de la Planificación Estratégica Situacional y la herramienta 5W3H. Se llevaron a cabo talleres con los participantes para elegir problemas en la seguridad del paciente, proponer mejoras, adecuación y aprobación de planes de acción. El software R y los gráficos similares se utilizaron para el análisis de datos. Resultados: los problemas de "comunicación" e "número insuficiente de profesionales" fueran elegidos por 24 enfermeras; se sugieren entonces cinco propuestas, detalladas en seis planes de acción. Conclusión: la planificación estratégica situacional permitió planificar acciones estratégicas para mejorar la atención que rigen las enfermeras.

Questionnaire for assessing patient safety culture in emergency services: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the instruments used to assess patient safety culture in emergency settings. METHOD: an integrative literature review conducted from 2000 to 2018. RESULTS: 13 instruments were identified to assess patient safety culture in hospital and pre-hospital emergencies, comprising 12 to 50 questions, grouped from three to 12 dimensions, with dimensions related to teamwork, support, and management actions for patient safety and for continuous process improvement and continuing education. The Emergency Medical Service Safety Attitude Questionnaire, which is exclusive for pre-hospital care, stands out. CONCLUSIONS: the choice and the best decision regarding the instrument are linked to the objectives, the environment and the population to be investigated, as well as the instrument's reliability.

Analysis of risk factors for canine mast cell tumors based on the Kiupel and Patnaik grading system among dogs with skin tumors.

BACKGROUND: Skin tumors are the most frequently diagnosed lesions, of which 7%-21% are mast cell tumors (MCTs). There is a great effort to identify factors that can influence the prospective course of MCTs. Although, the histological grade is considering an important predictor helping to determine the malignancy and metastatic potential of MCTs. AIM: In this study, an epidemiological analysis of risk factors (breed, age, sex, and anatomical site) for dogs having MCTs was evaluated considering the respective MCTs histological grade in comparison to other skin tumors. METHODS: The study included 244 dogs affected by cutaneous MCTs from a universe of 1,185 dogs diagnosed with skin tumors. A univariable analysis with Fisher exact test was performed to determine the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Boxers had a higher predisposition to Patnaik's grade I (OR = 5.9, 95% CI 2.648-13.152) and to Kiupel's low-grade MCTs (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.539-4.447). Labrador retrievers (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.423-3.184), and pugs (OR = 12.9, 95% CI 2.336-70.931) had a predisposition for Patnaik's grade II MCTs and Kiupel's low-grade lesions (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.478-3.597; OR = 17.1, 95% CI 3.093-94.377, respectively). French bulldogs had a higher risk to grade III MCTs (OR = 7.9, 95% CI 2.381-26.072). Pit bulls had a predisposition to grade III MCTs and Kiupel's high-grade tumors (OR = 4.4, 95% CI 1.221-16.1 and OR = 4.962, 95% CI 1.362-18.077, respectively). Bull terriers (OR = 12.7, 95% CI 2.098-76.818) presented higher risk for having low-grade MCTs. The perigenital area and trunk exhibit a greater risk for high grading lesion (OR = 6.6, 95% CI 2.679-16.334; OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.028-3.395, respectively) and the limbs had a predisposition to grade II tumor (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.134-2.395). A decreased risk of having MCT was seen in older dogs (from 7-10 years to 11-18 years) compared to that in the reference group (4-6 years). CONCLUSION: When comparing to canine skin tumors, this study showed a relationship between MCT histological grading and the risk factors, age, breed, and topography of canine MCTs. The variations noted in the clinical presentation of MCTs amongst predisposed dog breeds reinforces the relevance of the genetic background in MCTs carcinogenesis.

Efficacy of nanoparticles as nanofertilizer production: a review.

Owing to the ever-increasing demand for food, the growing global population has forced farmers to increase fertilizer use. The overall use of fertilizers increased by 13 times between 1950 and 2020, from 15 to 194 million tons. Due to the resource shortages of chemical fertilizers on the market, agricultural costs are rising drastically every day because they cause an adverse impact on the environment by releasing chemical particulates and run-off agriculture. Biofertilizers have thus become a safer supplement to increase crop production without doing any harm to the environment, as they are produced industrially from a selected community of microorganisms that either develop a mutually beneficial relationship with plants or are part of their rhizosphere. They still have some drawbacks, which led to the development of a new avenue for the application of nanotechnology-mediated nanofertilizers. Nanotechnology recommends significant prospects for tailoring nanofertilizer production. They are typically coated with desired chemical composition having controlled release and targeted delivery of effective nanoscale ingredients, ability to improve plant productivity and to minimize environmental pollutants. The present review focuses primarily on the usefulness of nanofertilizers, as well as its environmental and safety concerns. The research would also include useful knowledge related to the introduction of different forms of nanoparticles within the agricultural field, contributing to the opening of a new route to nanorevolution.

Nanoparticles as Novel Emerging Therapeutic Antibacterial Agents in the Antibiotics Resistant Era.

Microorganisms are highly resistant to the antibiotics that are commonly used and thus are becoming serious public health problem. There is an urgent need for new approaches to monitor microbial behavior, and hence, nanomaterial can be a very promising solution. Nanotechnology has led to generation of novel antimicrobial agents such as gold, silver, zinc, copper, poly-£-lysine, iron, and chitosan which have shown remarkable potential, demonstrating their applicability as proficient antibiotic agents against various pathogenic bacterial species. The antimicrobial nanoproduct physically kills the organism's cell membranes that prevent the production of drug-resistant microorganisms. These nanosized particles can also be used as diagnostic agents, targeted drug delivery vehicle, noninvasive imaging technologies, and in vivo visual monitoring of tumors angiogenesis. These nanomaterials provide a promising platform for diagnostics, prognostic, drug delivery, and treatment of diseases by means of nanoengineered products/devices. This owes to their small size, prolonged antimicrobial efficacy with insignificant toxicity creating less environmental hazard or toxicity. Scientists address several problems such as health, bioethical problems, toxicity risks, physiological, and pharmaceutical concerns related with the usage of NPs as antimicrobial agents as current research lack adequate data and information on the safe use of certain tools and materials.

Translation and transcultural adaptation of the patient measure of safety (pmos) questionnaire to brazilian portuguese / Traducción y adaptación transcultural del cuestionario patient measure of safety (pmos) al portugués de brasil / Tradução e adaptação transcultural do questionário patient measure of safety (pmos) para o português brasileiro

ABSTRACT Objective to translate and culturally adapt the Patient Measure of Safety questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese. Method a transcultural adaptation study conducted in six stages: translation, synthesis, back-translation, review by experts committee, pre-test, and presentation of the documentation of the entire process to the authors of the instrument. Results in the initial translation and cultural adaptation stage, two versions of the questionnaire were generated. The divergences between both versions and other suggestions were discussed, and the decisions were made by consensus, thus creating a single version. In the back-translation stage, there were no significant differences between the versions and the original instrument. The assessment of the semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences of the Patient Measure of Safety items was performed by a committee of experts from different Brazilian regions. The results of the content validity index were above 0.9 for most of the items. The pre-test was conducted with 30 patients. The mean time for the application of the questionnaire was 31.9 minutes. In relation to the understanding of the items by the patients, a regular or poor interpretation was identified only for 6 of the 44 items, which were modified. Conclusion the "Questionário de Avaliação da Segurança pelo Paciente", name given to the translated and transculturally adapted version, resulted from a thoughtful process, presenting consistency in the equivalence of the translation and constituting an applicable instrument understood by the target population.

RESUMEN Objetivo realizar la traducción y adaptación transcultural del cuestionario Patient Measure of Safety al portugués de Brasil. Método estudio de adaptación transcultural realizado en seis etapas: traducción, síntesis, retrotraducción, revisión a cargo de un comité de especialistas, prueba previa y presentación de la documentación de todo el proceso a los autores del instrumento. Resultados en la etapa inicial de la traducción y adaptación transcultural se generaron dos versiones del cuestionario. Se debatieron las divergencias entre las dos versiones y otras sugerencias, y las decisiones se tomaron por consenso, dando así origen a una versión única. En la etapa de retrotraducción no hubo diferencias significativas entre las versiones y el instrumento original. La evaluación de las equivalencias semántica, idiomática, cultural y conceptual de los ítems del Patient Measure of Safety estuvo a cargo de un comité de diez especialistas de diferentes regiones de Brasil. Los resultados del índice de validez de contenido fueron superiores a 0,9 para la mayoría de los ítems. La prueba previa se realizó con 30 pacientes. El tiempo medio para aplicar el cuestionario fue de 31,9 minutos. En relación con la comprensión de los ítems del cuestionario por parte de los pacientes, se identificó un nivel regular o deficiente de interpretación solamente en 6 de los 44 ítems, los cuales fueron modificados. Conclusión el "Questionário de Avaliação da Segurança pelo Paciente", denominación asignada a la versión traducida y adaptada transculturalmente, fue el resultado de un proceso criterioso, que presentó consistencia en la equivalencia de la traducción y se constituye como un instrumento aplicable y bien comprendido por el público al que está destinado.

RESUMO Objetivo realizar a tradução e adaptação transcultural do questionário Patient Measure of Safety para o português brasileiro. Método estudo de adaptação transcultural realizado em seis etapas: tradução, síntese, retrotradução, revisão por um comitê de especialistas, pré-teste e apresentação da documentação de todo o processo para os autores do instrumento. Resultados na etapa inicial da tradução e adaptação transcultural, foram originadas duas versões do questionário. As divergências entre as duas versões e outras sugestões foram discutidas e as decisões tomadas por consenso originando-se uma versão única. Na etapa de retrotradução não houve diferenças significativas entre as versões e o instrumento original. A avaliação das equivalências semântica, idiomática, cultural e conceitual dos itens do Patient Measure of Safety foi realizada por um comitê de dez especialistas de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Os resultados do índice de validade de conteúdo foram acima de 0,9 para a maioria dos itens. O pré-teste foi realizado com 30 pacientes. O tempo médio para a aplicação do questionário foi de 31,9 minutos. Em relação à compreensão dos itens do questionário pelos pacientes foi identificada uma interpretação regular ou ruim para somente 6 dos 44 itens, os quais foram alterados. Conclusão o "Questionário de Avaliação da Segurança pelo Paciente", denominação atribuída à versão traduzida e adaptada transculturalmente, resultou de um processo criterioso, apresentando consistência na equivalência da tradução e constituindo um instrumento aplicável e compreendido pelo público-alvo.

Management of nurse care in the organ and tissue donation process / Gestión de la atención de enfermería en el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos / Gerenciamento do cuidado do enfermeiro no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the activities developed by nurses in care management in the organ and tissue donation process. Method: this is a quantitative, retrospective, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out in two hospital institutions in southern Brazil, between June 2013 and June 2016. The sample consisted of 104 records of patients notified to the State Transplant Center. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used. Results: at Institution A, 70.2% (73) of medical records were analyzed and at Institution B, 29.8% (31). As for activities developed by nurses, it is noteworthy that in the first, they carried out 1,299 management activities (93.7%) and in the second, 317 (53.9%). As for assistance activities, in the first, 507 (83.1%) and in the second, 217 (63.1%) activities. With regard to nursing care, care should be taken to maintain temperature, water balance and glycemic control. Conclusion: it was possible to identify that nurses develop a greater number of actions aimed at management issues in the donation process. As for assistance, there was a greater concern with maintaining the temperature.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar las actividades que desarrollan las enfermeras en la gestión del cuidado en el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos. Método: estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo, exploratorio y descriptivo, realizado en dos instituciones hospitalarias del sur del país, entre junio de 2013 y junio de 2016. La muestra estuvo conformada por 104 registros de pacientes notificados al Centro Central de Trasplantes. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: en la Institución A se analizó el 70,2% (73) de las historias clínicas y en la Institución B, el 29,8% (31). En cuanto a las actividades desarrolladas por las enfermeras, se destaca que en la primera realizaron 1.299 actividades gerenciales (93,7%), y en la segunda 317 (53,9%). En cuanto a las actividades asistenciales, en la primera, 507 (83,1%) y en la segunda, 217 (63,1%) actividades. Con respecto a los cuidados de enfermería, se debe tener cuidado de mantener la temperatura, el equilibrio hídrico y el control glucémico. Conclusión: se pudo identificar que la enfermera desarrolla un mayor número de acciones enfocadas a temas de gestión en el proceso de donación. En cuanto a los cuidados asistenciales, hubo una mayor preocupación por mantener la temperatura.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as atividades desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros no gerenciamento do cuidado no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos. Método: estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo, exploratório e descritivo, realizado em duas instituições hospitalares do sul do país, no período entre junho de 2013 e junho de 2016. A amostra foi composta por 104 prontuários de pacientes notificados à Central Estadual de Transplantes. Para análise dos dados se utilizou estatística descritiva. Resultados: na Instituição A foram analisados 70,2% (73) dos prontuários e na Instituição B, 29,8% (31). Quanto às atividades desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros, destaca-se que na primeira realizaram 1.299 atividades gerenciais (93,7%) e na segunda, 317 (53,9%). Quanto às atividades assistenciais, na primeira, 507 (83,1%) e na segunda, 217 (63,1%) atividades. Com relação aos cuidados de enfermagem, destacam-se os cuidados para manutenção da temperatura, balanço hídrico e controle glicêmico. Conclusão: foi possível identificar que o enfermeiro desenvolve maior número de ações voltadas às questões de gerenciamento no processo de doação. Quanto aos cuidados assistenciais, houve uma maior preocupação com a manutenção da temperatura.

Nursing research priorities in critical care in Brazil: Delphi Study.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the nursing research priorities in critical care in Brazil identified by specialists and researchers in the area, as well as to establish the consensus of the topics suggested by the experts. METHOD: a descriptive study, using the e-Delphi technique in three rounds. The research participants were 116 Brazilian nurses who are experts in critical care in the first round, ending up with 68 participants in the third round of the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the demographic variables and the results of the research topics in the second round. In the final analysis, the Kappa agreement coefficient was calculated, comparing the answers between rounds two and three. RESULTS: 63 research topics were generated, grouped into 14 domains of intensive care practice in the first round, and consensus was settled in the subsequent rounds. Topics such as humanization of care (0.56), bloodstream infection control (0.54), and nursing care for polytrauma patients (0.51) were items rated above 0.50 in the agreement analysis between the topics in the two rounds using the Kappa coefficient. CONCLUSION: this study provides an important guideline for nursing research in critical care in Brazil, guiding for future research efforts in the area.

Localization of the SureWash Pocket® mobile health app to Brazilian Portuguese.

OBJECTIVES: To localize the textual interface of the SureWash Pocket® mobile health app and to present the methodological experience used in the localization process. METHOD: Software localization study to Brazilian Portuguese. The localization process was carried out between December 2018 and June 2019 in the city of Cuiabá/MT, through six steps: permission to localize the software; two independent translations; synthesis of translations; evaluation of the validity of the textual interface by a Committee of Expert Judges; back translation; and publication. RESULTS: The textual interfaces were organized into 107 items and analyzed by ten expert judges. In the first round, 64% of the items reached a pre-established minimum agreement level of 90%. During the second round, 39 remaining items were adapted according to consensual suggestions and the pre-final version was consolidated. CONCLUSION: The localization process suggests that the localized SureWash Pocket® is considered valid and can be used for an educational intervention on hand hygiene.

Relevance of Nanomaterials in Food Packaging and its Advanced Future Prospects.

Biopolymers have been used in packaged foods to tackle environmental hazards due to their biodegradability and non-toxic nature. In addition to these merits, they have also several demerits such as poor mechanical properties and low resistance towards water. Nanomaterials have attracted great interest in recent years due to their phenomenal properties that makes them precedent in applications for food packaging as they enhance the mechanical, thermal and gas barriers properties, without compromising with the ability to become non-toxic and biodegradable. The most important nanomaterials used in food packaging are montmorillonite (MMT), zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) coated silicate, kaolinite, silver NPs (Ag-NPs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2NPs) as these, nanomaterials coated films makes a barrier against oxygen, carbon dioxide and favour compounds. They also possess oxygen scavenging capability, antimicrobial activity and tolerance towards temperature. The most difficult task related to the preparation of these nanocomposites is their complete distribution within the polymer matrix and their compatibility. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for improvement in the performance of nano-packaging materials including mechanical stability, degradability and effectiveness of antibacterial property.

Fragilidades do conhecimento das equipes deunidades de críticos relacionadas ao processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos / Debilidades en el conocimiento de los equipos de unidades de cuidados críticos relacionadas con el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos / Weaknesses in the knowledge of critical care unit teams related to the process of organ and tissue donation

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar fragilidades das equipes das unidades críticas relacionadas ao processo de doação. Método: estudo transversal, com 150 profissionais de saúde. Coleta de dados entre 2017 e 2018 em dois hospitais públicos de Santa Catarina, com auxílio de instrumento específico sobre as etapas do processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos. Dados analisados por frequência absoluta e relativa, testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Mann-Whitney. Resultados: índices de acertos: critérios para iniciar o diagnóstico de morte encefálica 137 (91,3%) e sinais clínicos de morte encefálica 126 (84%). Fragilidades: critérios que impedem o diagnóstico de morte encefálica 36 (24%) e sequência das etapas do processo de doação 56 (37%). Houve correlação entre tempo de atuação na unidade com os critérios que impedem o diagnóstico de Morte p=0,039. Conclusão: os resultados podem embasar ações frente às fragilidades, impactando na melhora do processo de doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos.

RESUMEN: Objetivo: evaluar las debilidades de los equipos de las unidades de cuidados críticos relacionadas con el proceso de donación. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 150 profesionales de la salud. Los datos se recolectaron entre 2017 y 2018 en dos hospitales públicos de Santa Catarina, con la ayuda de un instrumento específico sobre las etapas del proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos. Los datos se analizaron por frecuencia absoluta y relativa, y mediante pruebas de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: índices de respuestas correctas: criterios para iniciar el diagnóstico de muerte encefálica, 137 (91,3%), y señales clínicas de muerte encefálica, 126 (84%). Debilidades: criterios que impiden el diagnóstico de muerte encefálica, 36 (24%), y secuencia de las etapas del proceso de donación, 56 (37%). Se registró una correlación entre el tiempo de trabajo em la unidad con los criterios que impiden el diagnóstico de muerte: p = 0,039. Conclusión: los resultados pueden servir de base para implementar acciones frente a las debilidades, con un buen efecto sobre la mejora del proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos y tejidos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the weaknesses of the teams of the critical care units related to the donation process. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted with 150 health professionals. Data collection took place between 2017 and 2018 in two public hospitals in Santa Catarina, with the aid of a specific instrument on the stages process of organ and tissue donation. Data was analyzed by absolute and relative frequencies, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Hit rates: criteria for starting the diagnosis of brain death 137 (91.3%) and clinical signs of brain death 126 (84%). Weaknesses: criteria that prevent the diagnosis of brain death 36 (24%) and sequence of the stages of the donation process 56 (37%). There was a correlation between the length of professional activity in the unit and the criteria that prevent the diagnosis of Death p=0.039. Conclusion: The results can support actions in the face of the weaknesses, impacting on the improvement of the organ and tissue donation and transplantation process.

Localization of the SureWash Pocket® mobile health app to Brazilian Portuguese / Regionalización de la aplicación móvil de salud SureWash Pocket® al portugués de Brasil / Localização do aplicativo de saúde móvel SureWash Pocket® para o português do Brasil

ABSTRACT Objectives: To localize the textual interface of the SureWash Pocket® mobile health app and to present the methodological experience used in the localization process. Method: Software localization study to Brazilian Portuguese. The localization process was carried out between December 2018 and June 2019 in the city of Cuiabá/MT, through six steps: permission to localize the software; two independent translations; synthesis of translations; evaluation of the validity of the textual interface by a Committee of Expert Judges; back translation; and publication. Results: The textual interfaces were organized into 107 items and analyzed by ten expert judges. In the first round, 64% of the items reached a pre-established minimum agreement level of 90%. During the second round, 39 remaining items were adapted according to consensual suggestions and the pre-final version was consolidated. Conclusion: The localization process suggests that the localized SureWash Pocket® is considered valid and can be used for an educational intervention on hand hygiene.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Localizar la interfaz textual de la aplicación de salud móvil SureWash Pocket® y presentar la experiencia metodológica utilizada en el proceso de localización. Método: estudio de localización de software para portugués brasileño. El proceso de localización se llevó a cabo entre diciembre de 2018 y junio de 2019 en Cuiabá/MT, a través de seis pasos: permiso para localizar el software; dos traducciones independientes; síntesis de traducciones; evaluación de la validez de la interfaz textual a cargo de un Comité de Jueces Expertos; traducción inversa; y publicación. Resultados: Las interfaces textuales se organizaron en 107 elementos y fueron analizadas por diez jueces expertos. En la primera ronda, el 64% de los artículos alcanzó un nivel de acuerdo mínimo preestablecido del 90%. Durante la segunda ronda, 39 elementos restantes se adaptaron de acuerdo con sugerencias consensuadas y se consolidó la versión pre-final. Conclusión: El proceso de localización sugiere que la aplicación SureWash Pocket® localizada se considera válida y puede usarse para intervenciones educativas sobre higiene de las manos.

RESUMO Objetivos: Realizar a localização da interface textual do aplicativo de saúde móvel SureWash Pocket® e apresentar a experiência metodológica utilizada no processo de localização. Método: Estudo de localização de software para o português do Brasil. O processo de localização foi realizado entre dezembro de 2018 e junho de 2019, em Cuiabá/MT, mediante seis etapas: permissão da localização do software; duas traduções independentes; síntese das traduções; avaliação da validade da interface textual por Comitê de Juízes Especialistas; tradução reversa; e publicação. Resultados: As interfaces textuais foram organizadas em 107 itens e analisadas por dez juízes especialistas. Na primeira rodada, 64% dos itens alcançaram nível mínimo de concordância pré-estabelecido de 90%. Durante segunda rodada, 39 itens remanescentes foram adequados conforme sugestões consensuais e consolidou-se a versão pré-final. Conclusão: O processo de localização sugere que o SureWash Pocket® localizado é considerado válido e poderá ser utilizado para intervenção educacional sobre higiene das mãos.

Nursing research priorities in critical care in Brazil: Delphi Study / Prioridades de pesquisa em enfermagem em cuidados críticos no Brasil: Estudo Delphi / Prioridades de investigación en enfermería en cuidados críticos en Brasil: Estudio Delphi

Objective: to analyze the nursing research priorities in critical care in Brazil identified by specialists and researchers in the area, as well as to establish the consensus of the topics suggested by the experts. Method: a descriptive study, using the e-Delphi technique in three rounds. The research participants were 116 Brazilian nurses who are experts in critical care in the first round, ending up with 68 participants in the third round of the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the demographic variables and the results of the research topics in the second round. In the final analysis, the Kappa agreement coefficient was calculated, comparing the answers between rounds two and three. Results: 63 research topics were generated, grouped into 14 domains of intensive care practice in the first round, and consensus was settled in the subsequent rounds. Topics such as humanization of care (0.56), bloodstream infection control (0.54), and nursing care for polytrauma patients (0.51) were items rated above 0.50 in the agreement analysis between the topics in the two rounds using the Kappa coefficient. Conclusion: this study provides an important guideline for nursing research in critical care in Brazil, guiding for future research efforts in the area.

Objetivo: analisar as prioridades de pesquisa em enfermagem em cuidados críticos no Brasil identificadas por especialistas e pesquisadores na área, bem como estabelecer o consenso dos tópicos sugeridos pelos experts. Método: estudo descritivo, utilizando a técnica e-Delphi em três rodadas. Os participantes da pesquisa foram 116 enfermeiros brasileiros experts em cuidados críticos na primeira rodada, finalizando com 68 participantes na terceira rodada do estudo. Estatísticas descritivas foram utilizadas para analisar as variáveis demográficas e os resultados dos tópicos de pesquisa na segunda rodada. Na análise final, foi calculado o coeficiente Kappa de concordância, comparando as respostas entre as rodadas dois e três. Resultados: foram gerados 63 tópicos de pesquisa agrupados em 14 domínios da prática em terapia intensiva na primeira rodada, sendo estabelecido o consenso nas rodadas subsequentes. Tópicos como humanização do cuidado (0,56), controle de infecção em corrente sanguínea (0,54) e assistência de enfermagem ao paciente politraumatizado (0,51) foram os itens com classificação acima de 0,50 na análise de concordância entre os tópicos nas duas rodadas utilizando o coeficiente Kappa. Conclusão: este estudo fornece uma importante diretriz para a pesquisa em enfermagem em cuidados críticos no Brasil, orientando para futuros esforços de pesquisa na área.

Objetivo: analizar las prioridades de investigación en enfermería en cuidados críticos en Brasil identificadas por especialistas e investigadores en el área, así como establecer un consenso sobre los tópicos sugeridos por expertos. Método: estudio descriptivo, con utilización de la técnica e-Delphi en tres rondas. Participaron en la investigación 116 enfermeros brasileños, expertos en cuidados críticos en la primera ronda, siendo que la tercera ronda del estudio terminó con 68 participantes. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas para analizar las variables demográficas y los resultados de los tópicos de investigación en la segunda ronda. En el análisis final, se calculó el coeficiente Kappa de concordancia, comparando las respuestas entre las rondas dos y tres. Resultados: se generaron 63 tópicos de investigación, agrupados en 14 dominios de prácticas de cuidados intensivos en la primera ronda, y se estableció un consenso en las rondas posteriores. Tópicos como la humanización de la atención (0,56), el control de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo (0,54) y la atención de enfermería para pacientes politraumatizados (0,51) fueron los ítems clasificados por encima de 0,50 en el análisis de concordancia entre los tópicos en ambas rondas utilizando el coeficiente Kappa Conclusión: este estudio proporciona una importante directriz para la investigación de enfermería en cuidados críticos en Brasil, orientando los futuros esfuerzos de investigación en el área.