ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The alterations of some facial characteristics, with age, in men of different ethnic groups are a scarcely studied topic. OBJECTIVE: To illustrate and grade, among men of four different ethnic descents (Asians, African-Americans, Caucasians, Indians), aged 18-80 year, the changes in the severity of some facial signs occurring with age. METHODS: Digital Photographs (full face, profile, 45°) of 1058 subjects were taken under standard conditions of lightning. These allowed us to zoom in on 15-20 different facial signs on all subjects. Their observations by 15 trained experts, under calibrated screens, allowed these signs to be graded, with the help of four referential skin Atlases, specific to the gender and ethnic groups studied. RESULTS: Most facial signs show a rather regular increase with age, with different kinetics according to the ethnic group. The major changes, in all four ethnic groups, mostly concern skin structural alterations (wrinkles, neck sagging or texture). The changes in the severity of some wrinkles (forehead, inter-ocular ) may be viewed as ethnic signatures. The modifications in pigmentation disorders seem more closely linked to the constitutive skin pigmentation (photo-types), among which pigmentary spots are confirmed as a more specific Asian trait. CONCLUSION: Men of four different ethnic origins present different and ethnic-related facial alterations with increasing age, of different amplitudes.