ABSTRACT
Cost of transport (COT) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) could affect the ability to perform fast actions during a jumping discipline. This study aimed to compare the COT and evaluate the MCT1, MCT4, and their auxiliary protein CD147 content in the gluteus medius and RBCs of Brazilian sport horses (BH), a breed developed for jumping competitions, with low-level (LL) or intermediate-level (IL) jumping capacities. The physiological difference between the horses was assessed by an incremental jump test (IJT), in which the cost of lactate (COTLAC) and heart rate (COTHR) of running were determined for each animal by the ratio between each variable and the running speed. Western blotting was performed on muscle and RBC membranes to quantify MCT1, MCT4, and CD147. IL showed lower COTLAC and COTHR than LL at all jumping heights. The amount of MCT1, MCT4, and CD147 found in muscle and RBCs were not dependent on performance level. Muscle MCT4 and MCT1 were correlated positively with CD147. We conclude that the relatively small differences between performances did not relevantly influence MCT expression in BH. While MCT analyses are inaccessible for most trainers and veterinarians, the cost of transport measurements is a feasible and sensitive tool to distinguish intermediate and low-level jumping horses.
Subject(s)
Erythrocytes , Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters , Animals , Cell Differentiation , Erythrocyte Count/veterinary , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Horses , Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/metabolism , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolismABSTRACT
A fase perinatal do desenvolvimento constitui um dos períodos de vida mais desafiadores para o sistema imunológico dos potros. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o perfil protéico sérico de parâmetros relacionados à imunidade de equinos jovens no período perinatal, verificando-se a transferência de imunidade passiva. Oito animais desmamados há um dia, formaram o Grupo 1 (G1), enquanto vinte animais desmamados há mais de trinta dias formaram o Grupo 2 (G2). A concentração sérica de proteína total foi determinada por refratometria. Para o fracionamento das proteínas, utilizou-se eletroforese em gel de acrilamida. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de medidas repetidas e ao teste Tukey (p<0,05) para comparação das médias. As concentrações de IgA apresentaram diferença (p<0,05) entre os grupos, porém os valores observados encontravam-se dentro do considerado normal para equinos adultos. Não houve diferença (p>0,05) nas concentrações de IgG. O estabelecimento adequado da imunidade celular ocorre durante a fase neonatal, nos animais que ingerem adequadamente o colostro e o leite. O presente estudo determinou diferenças no perfil protéico sérico de parâmetros relacionados à imunidade de equinos jovens no período imediato ao desmame, comparados com animais desmamados há mais de 30 dias. De acordo com os valores observados, concluiu-se que os animais, mesmo desmamados precocemente, obtiveram transferência adequada de imunidade passiva.
The perinatal phase of foal development is one of the most challenger period for the immune system. The present study has analyzed serum protein profile, considering variables related to immunity in foals at the perinatal phase, verifying passive immunity transfer. The group 1 (G1) contained eight foals evaluated one day after weaning, and group 2 (G2) included twenty foals at more than thirty days after weaning. Total protein concentration was determined by means of refractometry. The concentration of serum proteins was determined through sodium dodecyl sulphatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test (P<0.05). IgA concentration showed difference (P<0.05) between the two studied groups, however data were within adult healthy horses normal values. IgG didn't show statistical difference (P>0.05). The cellular immunity establishment occurs in the neonatal phase, in foals that suckled colostrum and milk properly. The present study showed differences in serum protein profile, considering variables related to immunity, in foals immediately after weaning comparing to foals at more than 30 days after weaning. According to the observed values, we conclude that foals, even early weaned, showed proper passive immunity tranfer.
