Neurocisticercosis / Neurocysticercosis

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[Performance of the KAtex test in screening and diagnosis for visceral leishmaniasis in a reference hospital]. / Comportamiento de la prueba KAtex en el cribado y diagnóstico de la leishmaniasis visceral en un hospital de referencia.

OBJECTIVE: Performing of diagnostic test simple using samples not invasive in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) may be very beneficial, being necessary comparing to traditional methods. The objective of this study was to know the reliability of test KAtex in the urine of patients with suspicion of VL. METHODS: Retrospectively were reviewed the medical histories of patients with suspected of VL to which are performed the test between 2009 and 2015. For its analysis were selected the patients to which is them had made study of the parasite in bone marrow. RESULTS: A total of 110 patients were studied, and bone marrow biopsy for research of Leishmania was performed in 44 (40%). In these patients the sensitivity of the test was 50%, the specificity of 96.7%, positive predictive value of 87.5% and negative predictive value of 80.5%. CONCLUSIONS: KAtex antigenuria sensitivity is too low recommending it as a unique method in the detection of VL in our medium.

Prevalencia, grado de control y tratamiento de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en diabéticos tipo 2 asistidos en un centro de atención primaria / Prevalence, degree of control and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients in a health center

Objetivo: Estudiar la prevalencia, el grado de control y el tratamiento de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en los diabéticos tipo 2 atendidos en un centro de salud para identificar los aspectos que podrían ser mejorados. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo. Emplazamiento: Centro de Salud Segovia 1 de la ciudad de Segovia (España). Métodos: Se seleccionaron mediante muestreo aleatorio sistemático 60 diabéticos tipo 2 incluidos en el programa de diabetes del centro de Salud Segovia 1. Se recogieron de las historias clínicas de los pacientes los datos de fi liación, años de evolución de la diabetes, presencia de otros FRCV (hipertensión arterial [HTA], hipercolesterolemia, grado de obesidad y tabaquismo), parámetros de control de la diabetes y de los otros FRCV, y tratamientos prescritos para controlar los FRCV. Se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos establecidos por los últimos consensos. Resultados: Prevalencia de FRCV: sobrepeso u obesidad 76,7%, HTA 61,7%, HC 61,7%, tabaquismo 16,7%. El 75% de los pacientes presentaba 3 o más FRCV. El grado de control fue deficiente en el 23,2% de los casos para la HTA, en el 41,3% para el índice de masa corporal, en el 20,5% para la hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c), en el 38,9% para el colesterol LDL (cLDL) y en el 16,7% para el tabaquismo. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de FRCV en la población estudiada es elevada, con una alta tendencia a la agrupación de éstos. Su grado de control es globalmente deficiente, por lo que sería necesario intensificar las intervenciones

Objective: To estimate the prevalence, degree of control and treatment of the major cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in the type 2 diabetic patients receiving medical attention in a health center to identify which aspects could be improved. Design: A descriptive, observational, retrospective study. Setting: Health care center 1 in the city of Segovia, Spain. Methods: Sixty type 2 diabetic patients included in the Segovia Health Care Center 1 Diabetes Program were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were obtained from the medical records of the patients. We recorded age, sex, duration of diabetes, presence of other CVRF (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, degree of obesity, smoking habit), degree of metabolic control of diabetes and of the other CVRF, and treatments prescribed to control CVRF. The diagnostic criteria recommended by the latest guidelines were used. Results: The most prevalent CVRF were: overweight or obesity (76.7%), hypertension (61.7%), hypercholesterolemia (61.7%) and smoking (16.7%). Seventy-five percent of the sample population had three or more CVRF. The degree of control (according to the 2005 recommendations of the American Diabetes Association) was deficient in 23.2% of cases for hypertension, 41.3% for body mass index, 20.5% for HbA1c, 38.9% for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 16.7% for smoking. Conclusions: The prevalence of CVRF in the study population is high, with a marked tendency toward CVRF clustering. Overall, the degree of control is deficient, indicating the need to intensify interventions

[Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in cervicofacial pathology]. / Linfomas malignos no hodgkinianos en patología cervicofacial.

114 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) have been studied in HCU of Salamanca during a ten years period (1977-1987). Fifty seven of them had a head and neck location. According to this we divided this group of patients in primary or secondary sitting in relation to the head and neck affectation. We also distinguish which are the most frequently involved areas; lymph nodes and extranodal presentations, divided into Waldeyer's and no-Waldeyer's one. We present the clinical features and first affects symptoms. Histological materials was reviewed by a pathologist and a diagnosis aspect according to the working formulation of the National Cancer Institute for the NHL.

[CRST syndrome and mixed cryoglobulinemia (author's transl)]. / Síndrome CRST y crioglobulinemia mixta.

A case of CRST syndrome associated with a type III mixed cryoglobulinemia according to Seligman's classification is presented. The authors stress the concrete individualization of this syndrome, as well as the importance of the Raynaud's phenomenon as the first and early manifestation in the clinical picture. They state, on the other hand, that the abundance and distribution of the telangiectasias is similar to the hereditary Rendu-Osler telangiectasia. Finally, a possible common physiopathologic basis for the syndrome and the associated cryoglobulinemia in this patient is suggested.