Lived experiences of mental health nurses who care for clients who are parents: An approximation of Tronto's definition of care.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT: Adult psychiatric services typically focus on the mental health needs of the client but they do not support his or her parenting role. Many authors highlight the importance of a non-judgmental approach when providing support and care to clients with mental illness who are parents. Assessments frequently focus on the negative aspects while the strengths of these families were often overlooked. There is a lack of scientific literature exploring nurses' experiences when caring for parents with mental illness and their families. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE: Trust is the basis that helps clients to be open to receiving care and answering parenting-related questions. Therefore, without adequate professional-client trust, some care and interventions addressed to parents with mental illness could be poorly received by the client. Tronto's phases of care facilitated the collection of data and exploration of mental health nurses' experiences of care. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Mental health nurses should be aware of the potential needs of these families, as described in the scientific literature, so they can include them in their assessments. They also should consider the need to individualize each care since each situation of a family with parental mental illness is unique. Mental health nurses must take the person's environment into account (family, social and political aspects and different forms of stigma) since all these factors may influence how parents with mental illness receive and provide care. ABSTRACT: Introduction Many authors highlight the importance of a non-judgmental approach when providing care to parents with mental illness. However, assessments frequently focus on the negative aspects while the strengths of such families were often overlooked. Aim To explore the lived experiences of mental health nurses who care for clients who are parents. Method We conducted a qualitative phenomenological study. The main data collection technique was in-depth interviews. Data were analysed according to Colaizzi model, subsequently, the main categories that arised were compared and related to the five phases of Tronto's care. Results The main categories identified from the analysis of the interviews were: (1) individualized care, (2) continuity of care, (3) psychoeducation and counselling, (4) trust and (5) context of the client. Discussion Trust is the basis that helps parents with mental illness to be open to receiving care and answering parenting-related questions. Without trust, some interventions could be poorly received by the client. Implications for Practice Mental health nurses should be aware of the potential needs of these families, so they can include them in their assessments. They also should consider the need to individualize each care since each situation of a family with parental mental illness is unique.

COVID-19-Evidence of the Impact of Literacy and Salutogenic Behaviours in Positive Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Positive mental health is defined as the ability to perceive and interpret the context of a situation and to adapt to it whenever necessary. Considering the pandemic situation, identifying the factors that may have the greatest impact on quality of life and consequently, on positive mental health is paramount. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of health literacy on the adoption of behaviours that promote positive mental health during COVID-19. A descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted on a sample of 770 patients using a questionnaire for sociodemographic characterization, the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire and the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire. Concerning health-promoting behaviours, those who sleep enough hours, exercise regularly, eat healthy and are more aware of mental health promotion activities, or have greater mental health literacy, have higher positive mental health scores. Thus, having more knowledge of mental health and adopting health-promoting behaviours improve positive mental health.

Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Cultural Competence Assessment in Portuguese Nurses.

Background and Purpose: Previous research shows significant benefits resulting from improving culturally competent nursing care. Thus, the purpose of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate the Cultural Competence Assessment (CCA) in a sample of Portuguese nurses. Methods: A psychometric study of the CCA, after translation into European Portuguese, was performed with a snowball sample of 284 nurses. Participants were asked to fill in a sociodemographic questionnaire and the CCA. Results: The four-factor model of the CCA (Portuguese version) exhibited satisfactory indices of fitness without item nine. Cronbach's alpha was 0.85. Correlations between subscales and the total score scale were strong and statistically significant. Conclusions: These data add to the cultural competence knowledge of nurses to promote better practices and culturally competent care.

Development of a Proposal for a Program to Promote Positive Mental Health Literacy among Adolescents: A Focus Group Study.

Over the last years, there have been several studies that have shown insufficient levels of adolescents' mental health literacy (MHL). Knowledge about intervention programs that promote positive mental health literacy (PMeHL) among adolescents is still very scarce. In this sense, we defined as objectives to identify and describe the necessary components to design a program proposal that promotes adolescents' PMeHL. We conducted an exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study using two focus groups in July and September 2022 with an intentional non-probability sample of eleven participants (nine professional experts and two adolescents). Data were analyzed using content analysis, using NVivo® 12 software (version 12, QRS International: Daresbury Cheshire, UK). We obtained a total of four categories and eighteen subcategories: structure (context; format; contents; length and frequency; pedagogical methods; pedagogical techniques; resources; denomination), participants (target group; program facilitators), assessment (timing; evaluation instruments), other components (planning, articulation and adaptation; involvement; training; special situations; partnerships; referral). The perspectives of the professional experts and of the adolescents that we obtained from this study contributed to the design of a proposal for a program to promote adolescents' PMeHL.

Patient Safety Training Programs for Health Care Professionals: A Scoping Review.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to map the evidence available on patient safety training programs for health professionals. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out. Several studies published between January 2010 and March 2020 in the following databases were investigated: CINAHL; MEDLINE; Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Cochrane; MedicLatina , via EBSCOhost; World Health Organization; Google Scholar; BVS- Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde ; PubMed; B-On; and RCAAP- Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal . RESULTS: A total of 2841 articles were found, 7 were included. Most studies report that the development of patient safety programs for health care professionals provides them with tools and techniques to recognize adverse incidents induced by the professional system/practice; recognize human factors related to patient safety, such as nontechnical skills or tiredness; understand high-risk clinical processes; develop strategies that influence and enhance patient safety culture; promote communication, teamwork, and organizational culture concerning patient safety; analyze other characteristic and emerging topics in patient safety; and develop project proposals to improve patient safety, allowing health care professionals to consolidate their knowledge, leading initiatives to improve patient safety. CONCLUSIONS: There are still few studies that test patient safety training programs, which is a concern given the importance of implementing safe practices. The existing evidence proves the efficacy of the training programs in improving patient safety, although there are some gaps.

COVID-19 infection: Positive mental health, psychological vulnerability and sex: Cross-sectional study.

Since mid-March 2020, a state of emergency was decreed in Portugal due to the COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, measures were implemented to protect public health, such as social isolation, which will certainly have a notable impact on the mental health of the population, especially in the most vulnerable groups. Positive Mental Health (PMH) is essential to deal with adversity, in this case with the pandemic, and to live better and with greater satisfaction. We consider it relevant to investigate how PMH was used as a resource to deal with the pandemic, depending on the level of vulnerability and sex. A, cross-sectional study was carried out whose the aim was to evaluate the levels of PMH and psychological vulnerability in people with COVOD-19 infection and analyze the association between PMH and psychological vulnerability among men and women. METHODS: The instruments used were a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire, and the Psychological Vulnerability Scale (PVS), that were sent and filled out online. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study was carried out. RESULTS: After analyzing the results, it was found that approximately 50.4% of the respondents (n = 387) had global PMH values that place them in quartile 50. There was also a statistically significant difference between female and male PMH, with women showing greater psychological vulnerability and lower overall PMH. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the women present a greater psychological vulnerability and a lower level of PMH when compared to men. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Considering the study's statistically significant results, when we talk about mental health, we should always consider the sex variable as a vulnerability factor, in a pandemic or non-pandemic phase.

Psychological Vulnerability Indices and the Adolescent's Good Mental Health Factors: A Correlational Study in a Sample of Portuguese Adolescents.

Background: Psychological vulnerability (PV) indicates the individual's inability to adapt to stressful situations. Adolescents experience negative impacts on their future mental health if they do not acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to have good mental health during their developmental stage. Aim: To compare the PV index among the three stages of adolescence and to explore the factors involved in good mental health, including the relationship between adolescents' PV indices and sociodemographic variables, and the relationship between adolescents' PV index and their knowledge of the factors that characterize good mental health. Method: An exploratory, cross-sectional, correlational study was carried out in three public schools in a region of Portugal, using online self-completed questionnaires: the Psychological Vulnerability Scale (PVS) and the Mental Health-Promoting Knowledge (MHPK-10). Results: Our convenience sample consisted of 260 adolescents, with a mean age of 14.07 years who were students between 5th and 12th grades, mostly female. Moderate PV indexes were obtained that were higher in late adolescence, i.e., in older adolescents, who were females in a more advanced school year, with worse self-perceptions of their physical and mental health and body image, and who frequently used a health service due to mental health problems. The association between the PV index and the level of knowledge about the factors involved in good mental health did not reach a statistical significance (p = 0.06). Conclusions: These results suggest a need for a design of personalized interventions that promote adolescents' mental health literacy, that prevent PV, and that should be initiated in early adolescence.

Mental Health Literacy and Positive Mental Health in Adolescents: A Correlational Study.

This study aimed to assess adolescents' Mental Health Literacy (MHL) level, Positive Mental Health (PMH) level, the association between sociodemographic variables and the MHL and PMH levels, and the relationship between adolescent's MHL and PMH levels. A quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 260 adolescents studying in the 5th to 12th years of school. The Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire, the Mental Health-Promoting Knowledge, and the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire were used for data collection. Most of the adolescents were female (55.8%) with a mean age of 14.07 years. The participants showed good levels of MHL (MHKQ). The participants showed good levels of MHL (MHKQ 𝘹¯ = 60.03; MHPK-10 𝘹¯ = 4.49) and high levels of PMH (𝘹¯ = 128.25). The adolescents with higher levels of MHL were the oldest, in a higher year of school, female, those whose mothers are employed, those who have healthy eating habits, and those who have a better body image self-perception. Adolescents in a lower year of school, with adequate sleep habits, who spend fewer hours a day in front of a screen or online, and who have a better self-perception of mental and physical health and body image were the ones with higher PMH levels. These findings suggest the need to implement experimental or quasi-experimental studies to ascertain the effectiveness of interventions that promote adolescents' positive mental health literacy.

[Nursing homes in Portugal during the COVID-19 outbreak: Challenges for the future]. / Residencias de ancianos en Portugal durante la COVID-19: desafíos para el futuro.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to explore the perceptions of experts about the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHOD: A qualitative study was developed in two stages: (1) a focus group, conducted in May 2020, with 5 experts; (2) a modified e-Delphi, implemented in September 2020 with 22 experts, both in the area of assistance in nursing homes from Northern and Center of Portugal. RESULTS: The results allowed identifying three main areas that influenced the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak: organization models and resources; physical and mental health of residents and; family as a support. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults residing in nursing homes are particularly vulnerable to severe disease or death from COVID-19. It is emergent that nursing homes prevent physical and mental frailty in older residents and the loneliness aggravated by the pandemic circumstances. Decision-makers need to recognize that older people living in nursing homes have several health needs, which should determine the implementation of new strategies namely the increase in the number of professionals with appropriate skills.

New Life Transition of Former Caregivers: Positive Mental Health Approach.

After the end of their time as a caregiver, former caregivers have needs and feelings that have been subject to little study to date. The aim of the study is to determine and analyse the feelings, perceptions and practices of former caregivers in the reconstruction of their daily lives. This is a qualitative study based on the Grounded Theory developed by Charmaz. The study involved 14 former caregivers who had cared for their relative for more than 2 years and who had stopped caring for them more than 2 years previously. Fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted and data were collected over 13 months between 2015 and 2017. Data were analysed using the Grounded Theory Method. In addition, this study was approved by the ethics committee of the Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol. The former caregiver experiences a transition, which begins in the days before the death of their relative and may continue for more than 3 years. Three critical moments in the post-caring transition were found: (1) the post-caring emptiness; (2) the end of the period as a caregiver; and (3) the movement towards a new life. Family and professional support is needed during this transition. Former caregivers experience a transition in the rebuilding of their daily lives; furthermore, former caregivers may be a source of support for other caregivers, which is linked to positive mental health factors. Healthcare organisations need to acknowledge the emotional, psychosocial and psychological health of former caregivers.

Positive Mental Health in University Students and Its Relations with Psychological Vulnerability, Mental Health Literacy, and Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Descriptive Correlational Study.

This study aimed to evaluate positive mental health (PMH) and its relation with sociodemographic characteristics, mental health literacy, and the psychological vulnerability scale (PVS) in Portuguese university students aged 17 to 62. A descriptive correlational study was carried out. An online survey was conducted to evaluate demographic variables, and several questionnaires were applied to evaluate positive mental health, psychological vulnerability, and mental health literacy. The data was collected from 1 November 2019 to 1 September 2020. Overall, 3405 students participated in the study. The results show that 67.8% of students revealed a high level of PMH, 31.6% presented a medium level of PMH, and 0.6% had a low level of PMH. Male students reported higher personal satisfaction (t (3170) = -2.39, p = 0.017) and autonomy (t (3170) = -3.33, p = 0.001) in PMH compared to female students. Students without a scholarship scored higher (t (3127) = -2.04, p = 0.42) in PMH than students who held a scholarship. Students who were not displaced from their home reported higher (t (3170) = -1.99, p = 0.047) self-control in PMH than those displaced from their home. University students with higher PMH results had lower PVS results and higher literacy results. The findings of this study will contribute to identifying students' PMH intervention needs.

The experiences of parents as caregivers of adolescents with mental illnesses, the impact of the crisis and the admission to a day hospital.

AIM: The aim of this study was to analyze the caregiving experience of parents whose adolescent children with a mental illness require admission to a day treatment hospital for mental health services. METHOD: The study used qualitative interpretative research methods. A total of 18 parents participated in the semi-structured interviews. Data were then transcribed and analyzed in accordance with established methods for the analysis of inductive thematic data. RESULTS: Seven themes were identified: questioning an unseen disease, abnormal behavior, a long road, truancy and loss of parental authority, internalized stigma on admission, regaining the meaning of life and an uncertain future. DISCUSSION: The experience of the parents was analyzed and various emotional, psychological and interpersonal barriers were found that influenced the help-seeking for the adolescent's treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nursing interventions should be based on detecting barriers and validating the experience of parents with mentally ill adolescents.

Residencias de ancianos en Portugal durante la COVID-19: desafíos para el futuro / Nursing homes in Portugal during the COVID-19 outbreak: Challenges for the future

Objetivo:Este estudio pretende explorar la percepción de los especialistas sobre el desempeño de las residencias de ancianos durante la COVID-19.Método:Este es un estudio desarrollado en 2 fases: 1) un grupo focal, con el que se trabajó en mayo 2020, con 5 especialistas y 2) un Delphi modificado, implementado en septiembre 2020 con 22 especialistas, ambos en el área de asistencia en residencias de ancianos del norte y centro de Portugal.Resultados:Los resultados permitieron identificar 3 áreas principales que influenciaron el desempeño de las residencias de ancianos desde el inicio del brote de la COVID-19: modelos de organización y recursos; salud física y mental de los residentes y; la familia como apoyo.Conclusiones:Las personas mayores que residen en residencias para ancianos quedan particularmente vulnerables a la COVID-19, pues esta enfermedad puede tener para ellos consecuencias muy graves o incluso conducirle a la muerte. Es importante que las residencias prevengan la fragilidad física y mental de los ancianos, así como la soledad que muy probablemente les asola debido a las circunstancias pandémicas. Los responsables por las residencias de ancianos deben percibir que las personas mayores que viven en ellas tienen. por lo general. problemas de salud, lo que debería determinar la implementación de nuevas estrategias, entre ellas el aumento del número de profesionales debidamente capacitados.

Objective:This study sought to explore the perceptions of experts about the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak.Method:A qualitative study was developed in two stages: (1) a focus group, conducted in May 2020, with 5 experts; (2) a modified e-Delphi, implemented in September 2020 with 22 experts, both in the area of assistance in nursing homes from Northern and Center of Portugal.Results:The results allowed identifying three main areas that influenced the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak: organization models and resources; physical and mental health of residents and; family as a support.Conclusions:Older adults residing in nursing homes are particularly vulnerable to severe disease or death from COVID-19. It is emergent that nursing homes prevent physical and mental frailty in older residents and the loneliness aggravated by the pandemic circumstances. Decision-makers need to recognize that older people living in nursing homes have several health needs, which should determine the implementation of new strategies namely the increase in the number of professionals with appropriate skills.

Efectividad de un programa comunitario de apoyo a cuidadores de pacientes con demencia: escuela del cuidar / Effectiveness of a community support program for caregivers of patients with dementia: school of care

Objetivo: conocer las necesidades que expresan los cuidadores de pacientes con demencia en relación a aspectos formativos, de apoyo psicosocial, resolución de problemas y entrenamiento de habilidades. Diseñar, implementar y evaluar un programa comunitario de apoyo a cuidadores de pacientes con demencia que mejore su calidad de vida como cuidador y su experiencia de cuidar. Método: estudio de metodología mixta según la guía de la Medical Research Council sobre evaluación de intervenciones complejas, en tres fases. Fase 1: Modelización y operativización de la intervención (cualitativo). Fase 2: Estudio cuasi-experimental pre/post-intervención con medidas repetidas antes y después de la intervención y a los seis meses. Fase 3: Evaluación del programa de intervención (cualitativo).La población objeto de estudio son los cuidadores de pacientes no institucionalizados con diagnóstico de demencia, con grado de dependencia 1, 2 o pendientes de grado de las comarcas del Montsiá y Baix Ebre (Tarragona, España) en el ámbito de Atención Primaria, para el periodo 2020-2022. Conclusiones: realizar un estudio de metodología mixta desde la Atención Primaria y con colaboración ciudadana permitirá el diseño de una intervención adaptada la realidad de los sujetos de estudio. Su aplicación podría ser relevante ya que, si se confirman los objetivos propuestos, este estudio establecería una base para modificar el abordaje a los cuidadores y el apoyo que deben recibir, iniciándose desde el momento del diagnóstico del paciente, minimizando la sobrecarga del cuidador, mejorando su calidad de vida y su apoyo social.(AU)

Objectives: to understand the needs expressed by caregivers of patients with dementia regarding aspects of training, psychosocial support, solution of problems and training in skills. To design, implement and evaluate a community support program for caregivers of patients with dementia, which will improve their quality of life as caregivers and their caring experience. Method: a mixed methodology study according to the Medical Research Council guidelines on evaluation of complex interventions, in three stages. Stage 1: Modelling and implementation of the intervention (qualitative). Stage 2: Quasi-experimental pre-post intervention study with measurements repeated before and after the intervention and at six months. Stage 3: Evaluation of the intervention program (qualitative).The population object of the study are caregivers of non-institutionalized patients with diagnosis of dementia, with degree of dependence 1 or 2 or pending degree, in the Montsiá and Baix Ebre regions (Tarragona, Spain) in the Primary Care setting, for the 2020-2022 period. Conclusions: to conduct a mixed methodology study from Primary Care and with collaboration by citizens will allow to design an intervention adapted to the reality of the study subjects. Its application could be relevant, because if the objectives are confirmed, this study would establish the basis for modifying the way to address caregivers and the support they must receive, by being initiated since patient diagnosis, reducing caregiver overload to a minimum, and improving their quality of life and social support.(AU)

"Living Together with Dementia"-A psychoeducational group programme for family caregivers.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the psychoeducational programme "Living together with dementia" applied to a group of family caregivers of people with dementia. DESIGN AND METHODS: A quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest and a 4-month follow-up. Fifteen family caregivers of people with dementia were recruited in a community care unit in northern Portugal. RESULTS: A positive and statistically significant impact on these caregivers' burden was found. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The programme could be an important mechanism to train family caregivers of home-dwelling people with dementia.

Nurses' views and practices on parental mental illness: An integrative review.

When a parent has a mental health problem, family members can be affected by it. Nursing professionals can provide care for the whole family, including children. Nurses can support the parental role of parents with mental illness. This integrative review aimed at the following: To identify and to synthesize the views and practices of nurses on parental mental illness (PMI). An integrative review methodology was employed, following PRISMA guidelines. Theoretical and empirical literature was included. Twenty-three articles were obtained to be analysed, using the Whittemore and Knafl approach. A lack of knowledge about nurses' views and practices on PMI was found. Especially, in some demographic areas such as Mediterranean countries and Central and South America. Different issues which influence how nurses perceive PMI were identified: subjective meaning of family concept, personal experience of being parent, and perceptions of mental illness, among others. The main findings on nurses' practices were as follows: guidelines to implement family-focused practices, knowledge, and skills; therapeutic relationship; and teamwork and interagency communication; among others. These issues are intimately related. They could act as enablers or barriers to support parental role of parents with mental illness. Adequate guidelines and policies are necessary to support parents with mental illness and their families. There is a need to include knowledge about PMI and family-focused approach in nursing education curricula. Training could include reflection on nurses' experiences and personal values to become aware of how these can affect their interventions and practices.

[Nursing homes in Portugal during the COVID-19 outbreak: Challenges for the future]. / Residencias de ancianos en Portugal durante la COVID-19: desafíos para el futuro.

Objective: This study sought to explore the perceptions of experts about the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak. Method: A qualitative study was developed in two stages: (1) a focus group, conducted in May 2020, with 5 experts; (2) a modified e-Delphi, implemented in September 2020 with 22 experts, both in the area of assistance in nursing homes from Northern and Center of Portugal. Results: The results allowed identifying three main areas that influenced the performance of nursing homes during the COVID-19 outbreak: organization models and resources; physical and mental health of residents and; family as a support. Conclusions: Older adults residing in nursing homes are particularly vulnerable to severe disease or death from COVID-19. It is emergent that nursing homes prevent physical and mental frailty in older residents and the loneliness aggravated by the pandemic circumstances. Decision-makers need to recognize that older people living in nursing homes have several health needs, which should determine the implementation of new strategies namely the increase in the number of professionals with appropriate skills.

Características de um programa de saúde mental positiva para adultos: um estudo de Focus Group / Characteristics of a positive mental health program for adults: a Focus Group study

Resumo Contexto: O termo "saúde mental positiva" foi designado pela primeira vez por Marie Jahoda em 1958. Ele enquadra a promoção da saúde mental como algo importante na sociedade e no ciclo de vida dinâmico de seus membros. Objetivo: Explorar e identificar os componentes necessários para a criação de um programa modular de promoção da saúde mental positiva em adultos, baseado no Modelo Multifatorial de Teresa Lluch. Metodologia: Realizamos três reuniões de peritos de março a julho de 2018 com um total de 23 profissionais de enfermagem em Portugal. Os dados foram analisados tematicamente pelo método Framework. Usado o COREQ checklist. Resultados: Foram analisados quatro temas previamente identificados: a estrutura do programa, os critérios de inclusão dos participantes, a composição conceptual das sessões e a eficácia do programa. A construção teórica do programa baseou-se no Modelo Multifatorial de Saúde Mental Positiva de Teresa Lluch, composto por seis fatores: satisfação pessoal, atitude pró-social, autocontrolo, autonomia, resolução de problemas e auto-atualização e habilidades de relacionamento interpessoal. Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu identificar, com consenso, um conjunto de intervenções baseadas nos seis fatores do Modelo Multifatorial de Saúde Mental Positiva de Teresa Lluch que devem integrar um programa que promova a saúde mental positiva em adultos em diferentes cenários / contextos adequados às necessidades individuais de cada participante.

Abstract Context: The term 'positive mental health' was first designated by Marie Jahoda in 1958. It frames the promotion of mental health as something important in society and the dynamic life cycle of its members. Objective: To explore and identify the components needed for the creation of a modular program to promote positive mental health in adults, based on Teresa Lluch Multifactorial Model. Methods: We conducted three focus groups from March-July 2018 with a total of 23 nursing professionals in Portugal. The data was thematically analyzed using the Framework method. The COREQ checklist guided reporting. Results: Four previously identified topics were analyzed: the structure of the program, the inclusion criteria of participants, the conceptual composition of the sessions, and the effectiveness of the program. The theoretical construction of the program was based on Teresa Lluch Multifactorial Positive Mental Health Model, composed of six factors: personal satisfaction, prosocial attitude, self-control, autonomy, problem-solving and self-actualization, and interpersonal relationship skills. Conclusion: This study allowed to identify, with consensus, a set of interventions based on the six factors of Teresa Lluch Multifactorial Positive Mental Health Model that should integrate a program that promotes positive mental health in adults in different settings/contexts suited for the individual needs of each participant.

Promotion of Mental Health Literacy in Adolescents: A Scoping Review.

In recent years, there has been an important commitment to the development of programs to promote mental health literacy (MHL) among adolescents, due to the prevalence of mental health problems and the low level of MHL that affects this group. The aim of this study was to map the structure and context of programmes/interventions for promoting MHL among adolescents in school settings. A scoping review was conducted following the guidelines of The Joanna Briggs Institute. We searched for studies on programmes/interventions promoting at least one of the components of MHL of adolescents, written in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published from 2013 to 2020, in MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, SciELO, SCOPUS, OpenGrey, RCAAP and in the article reference lists. This review included 29 articles. The majority of programmes/interventions addressed one or more of the four components of MHL, with the knowledge of mental disorders and stigma reduction components being the most covered; were taught by adolescent's regular teachers; used face to face interventions; had a height variable duration; used non-validated instruments; were implemented in a classroom environment; and showed statistically significant improvements in adolescent's MHL levels. More research is needed to implement/construct programmes/interventions promoting adolescents' MHL concerning knowledge on how to obtain and maintain good mental health.

Aspectos que favorecen el proceso de convertirse en madre: experiencia vivida de una gestante primeriza / Aspects that favour the process of becoming a mother: lived experience of a first-time pregnant woman

El proceso de convertirse en madre para una primeriza genera sentimientos encontrados y puede llegar a sentir que no tiene la capacidad de afrontar este nuevo rol materno. El objetivo fue describir la experiencia de una primeriza a los 35 años, identificando cuáles aspectos percibió como favorecedores en el proceso de convertirse en madre. Se utilizó el relato biográfico. La entrevista en profundidad permite describir e interpretar dicha información. Se siguió la metodología propuesta por Amezcua y col. Se identificaron cuatro grandes temas: sentimientos, percepciones, expectativas; cambios en la vida; apoyo y conocimientos. El cuidado de enfermería debe responder a necesidades reales de las personas y una forma de acercarse a esa realidad es el abordaje cualitativo, lo cual sirve de insumo para diseño de intervenciones de enfermería congruentes. (AU)

The process of becoming a mother for a first time generates mixed feelings and may feel that she does not have the capacity to face this new maternal role. This story of a primigestant at age 35, allows to reveal important information for the approach of care. The objective was to describe the experience of a first-time at 35 years of age, identifying which aspects she perceived as favouring in the process of becoming a mother. The biographical account was used. The in-depth interview allows you to describe and interpret this information. The methodology proposed by Amezcua and Bone was followed. Four major themes were identified: feelings, perceptions, expectations; changes in life; Support and knowledge. Nursing care must respond to people's real needs and one way to approach that reality is the qualitative approach, which serves as input for the design of congruent nursing interventions. (AU)