ABSTRACT
A autora aborda, sucintamente, a sucessiva emergência de paradigmas em psicanálise e o estabelecimento na atualidade de um diálogo com as neurociências com ênfase nos seus aportes sobre a neurobiologia da memória. Termina fazendo uma breve reflexão das implicações dos factos apontados sobre o devir da grupanálise.
The autor addresses the successive emergence of paradigms in psychoanalysis and the establishment, today, of a dialogue with neurosciences with emphasis on the contributions to the neurobiology of memory. It ends with a brief reflection on the possible implications of the facts pointed out in the future of the group analysis.
El autor aborda, brevemente, la sucessiva emergência de paradigmas en psicoanálisis y entabla un diálogo com las neurociências com énfasis en contribuciones sobre a neurobiologia de la memoria. Termina com una breve reflexión sobre las posibles implicaciones de los hechos señalados en el transcurso del grupoanálisis.
Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Neurobiology , Neurosciences , MemoryABSTRACT
Primary breast cancer (PBC) is a heterogeneous disease at the clinical, histopathological, and molecular levels. The improved classification of PBC might be important to identify subgroups of the disease, relevant to patient management. Machine learning algorithms may allow a better understanding of the relationships within heterogeneous clinical syndromes. This work aims to show the potential of unsupervised learning techniques for improving classification in PBC. A dataset of 712 women with PBC is used as a motivating example. A set of variables containing biological prognostic parameters is considered to define groups of individuals. Four different clustering methods are used: K-means, self-organising maps, hierarchical agglomerative (HAC), and Gaussian mixture models clustering. HAC outperforms the other clustering methods. With an optimal partitioning parameter, the methods identify two clusters with different clinical profiles. Patients in the first cluster are younger and have lower values of the oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) than patients in the second cluster. Moreover, cathepsin D values are lower in the first cluster. The three most important variables identified by the HAC are: age, ER, and PgR. Unsupervised learning seems a suitable alternative for the analysis of PBC data, opening up new perspectives in the particularly active domain of dissecting clinical heterogeneity.
ABSTRACT
Pretende-se fazer uma reflexão e questionamento sobre os critérios utilisados na decisão de uma alta de terapia grupanalítica. Cabe ao terapeuta reflectir sobre seus pacientes atento aos movimentos transferenciais e contra-transferenciais, às suas limitações pessoais, aos limites das teorias, ao sistema de valores da sociedade vigente tendo presente a possibilidade de emergência de preconceitos que distorcem negativamente suas intervenções e decisões. A actividade analítica deverá nortear-se pois por uma capacidade de pensar livre e criativa, de permanente construção e desconstrução de hipóteses, de investigaçâo, sempre alertada para o risco da eventualidade do exercício pernicioso do preconceito. (AU)
The aim of this work is to think about and question as well the criteria when we are about to finish a group analytic treatment. The aim of this work is not only to think about but also to question the criteria used when we decide to finish a group analytic treatment. The therapist should be aware of the transferential and countertransferential movements his/her own limitations current social values taking always into consideration the possibility of an outburst of prejudices which could affect in a negative way his/her intervention and decisions. The group analytic activity must always guide itself by a capacity of free and creative thinking constant construction and deconstruction of hypothesis, research being particularly conscious of using prejudice in his work. (AU)