ABSTRACT
The Royal Society Scientific Discussion Meeting 'The challenges of hydrogen and metals' was held in Carlton House Terrace, London, UK, on 16-18 January 2017. This is the introductory article to the discussion meeting issue which includes contributed papers and seven discussion papers. Here, we introduce the motivation to hold the Meeting and give a brief overview of the contents. We conclude with acknowledgements.This article is part of the themed issue 'The challenges of hydrogen and metals'.
ABSTRACT
The technique of plasmonic ELISA is utilised here to detect the HIV-1 protein gp120 with the ultralow limit of detection of 8 × 10(-20) M (10(-17) g mL(-1)) in an independent laboratory. It was corroborated that changes in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide as small as 0.05 µM could lead to nanoparticle solutions of completely different tonality.
Subject(s)
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , HIV Envelope Protein gp120/analysis , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Nanotechnology/methods , Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism , Limit of Detection , Poisson DistributionABSTRACT
Selective oxidation of the surface of an ordered alloy requires redistribution of the atomic species in the vicinity of the surface. This process can be understood in terms of the formation and movements of point defects in the compound. On the basis of ab initio density-functional calculation we found both the creation of exchange defects near the NiAl surface and segregation of Ni vacancies to the top layer to be extremely favorable in the presence of oxygen. Scenarios for the initial oxidation of NiAl are suggested which demonstrate the appearance of an additional energy barrier on the Ni-rich side compared to the Al-rich side. The expulsion of Ni from the oxide layer as it forms is the driving force for its stability.
