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1.
J Clin Med ; 13(7)2024 Apr 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38610897

ABSTRACT

Background: Lifestyles influence atrial fibrillation (AF) risk. Determining the effect of lifestyle interventions on blood concentrations of biomarkers of AF-related pathways could help understand AF pathophysiology and contribute to AF prevention. Methods: We studied 532 participants enrolled in the PREDIMED-Plus trial, a Spanish randomized trial conducted in adults (55-75 years) with metabolic syndrome and body mass index between 27-40 kg/m2. Eligible participants were randomized 1:1 to an intensive lifestyle intervention, emphasizing physical activity, weight loss, and adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet or to a control group. Serum biomarkers [carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PICP), high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), and N-terminal propeptide of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)] were measured at baseline, 3 and 5 years after randomization. Mixed models were used to evaluate the effect of intervention on changes in biomarkers through year 5. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the proportion mediated by each component of the intervention. Results: At baseline, participants' mean age was 65, 40% were female, and 50% were assigned to the intervention. After five years, mean changes in log-transformed biomarkers were -0.01 (PICP), 0.20 (hsTnT), -0.17 (hsCRP), 0.12 (3-NT), and 0.27 (NT-proBNP). Compared to the control group, participants in the intervention group experienced greater decreases in hsCRP (-14%, 95% confidence interval (CI) -26%, 0%) or smaller increases in 3-NT (-16%, 95% CI -25%, -5%) and NT-proBNP (-12%, 95% CI -23%, 1%). The intervention had minimal impact on hsTnT (-3%, 95% CI -7%, 2%) or PICP concentrations (-2%, 95% CI -9%, 6%). The effect of the intervention on hsCRP was primarily mediated by weight loss (89% at year 5). Conclusions: Over five years, a dietary and lifestyle intervention for weight-loss favorably affected concentrations of hsCRP, 3-NT, and NT-proBNP, pointing to specific mechanisms in pathways linking lifestyles and AF.

2.
Cardiovasc Diabetol ; 23(1): 38, 2024 01 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38245716

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Legume consumption has been linked to a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), while the potential association between plasma metabolites associated with legume consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases has never been explored. Therefore, we aimed to identify a metabolite signature of legume consumption, and subsequently investigate its potential association with the incidence of T2D and CVD. METHODS: The current cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis was conducted in 1833 PREDIMED study participants (mean age 67 years, 57.6% women) with available baseline metabolomic data. A subset of these participants with 1-year follow-up metabolomics data (n = 1522) was used for internal validation. Plasma metabolites were assessed through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Cross-sectional associations between 382 different known metabolites and legume consumption were performed using elastic net regression. Associations between the identified metabolite profile and incident T2D and CVD were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS: Specific metabolic signatures of legume consumption were identified, these included amino acids, cortisol, and various classes of lipid metabolites including diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, plasmalogens, sphingomyelins and other metabolites. Among these identified metabolites, 22 were negatively and 18 were positively associated with legume consumption. After adjustment for recognized risk factors and legume consumption, the identified legume metabolite profile was inversely associated with T2D incidence (hazard ratio (HR) per 1 SD: 0.75, 95% CI 0.61-0.94; p = 0.017), but not with CVD incidence risk (1.01, 95% CI 0.86-1.19; p = 0.817) over the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a set of 40 metabolites associated with legume consumption and with a reduced risk of T2D development in a Mediterranean population at high risk of cardiovascular disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN35739639.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Diet, Mediterranean , Fabaceae , Humans , Female , Aged , Male , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors
3.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(3): 205-211, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-195361

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: La estrategia Life's Simple 7 de la American Heart Association propuso 7 métricas de salud cardiovascular ideal: índice de masa corporal (IMC)<25, no fumar, dieta saludable, actividad física moderada ≥ 150min a la semana, colesterol total <200mg/dl, presión arterial sistólica <120mmHg y diastólica <80mmHg y glucemia basal <100mg/dl. Resulta de gran interés valorar el efecto combinado de estas 7 metas. Se analizó prospectivamente el impacto de las métricas basales Life's Simple 7 en la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares mayores en la cohorte PREDIMED (el 57,5% mujeres; media de edad inicial, 67 años). MÉTODOS: La métrica de dieta saludable se definió como alcanzar al menos 9 puntos en una escala validada de 14 puntos de adhesión a dieta mediterránea. Se definió evento cardiovascular mayor incidente como infarto de miocardio, ictus o muerte de causa cardiovascular. Se usó regresión de Cox para estimar hazard ratios (HR) ajustadas multivariables con intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) para categorías sucesivas de métricas de salud cardiovascular. RESULTADOS: Tras seguir a 7.447 participantes durante una mediana de 4,8 años, se registraron 288 eventos. Respecto a los participantes con solo 0-1 métricas, tras ajustar por edad, sexo, centro y grupo de intervención, se observaron HR (IC95%) 0,73 (0,54-0,99), 0,57 (0,41-0,78) y 0,34 (0,21-0,53), para 2, 3 y 4 o más métricas respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: En una población española con alto riesgo cardiovascular, la presencia de un mayor número de métricas se asoció progresivamente con una reducción sustancial en la tasa de eventos cardiovasculares mayores


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The Life's Simple 7 strategy of the American Heart Association proposes 7 metrics of ideal cardiovascular health: body mass index (BMI) <25mg/m2, not smoking, healthy diet, moderate physical activity ≥ 150min/wk, total blood cholesterol <200mg/dL, systolic and diastolic blood pressures <120 and <80mmHg, respectively, and fasting blood glucose <100mg/dL. It is important to assess the combined effect of these 7 metrics in the Spanish population. We prospectively analyzed the impact of baseline Life's Simple 7 metrics on the incidence of major cardiovascular events in the PREDIMED cohort (57.5% women, average baseline age, 67 years). METHODS: The healthy diet metric was defined as attaining ≥ 9 points on a validated 14-item Mediterranean diet adherence screener. An incident major cardiovascular event was defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death. Cox regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for successive categories of health metrics. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 4.8 years in 7447 participants, there were 288 major cardiovascular events. After adjustment for age, sex, center, and intervention group, HRs (95%CI) were 0.73 (0.54-0.99), 0.57 (0.41-0.78), and 0.34 (0.21-0.53) for participants with 2, 3, and ≥ 4 metrics, respectively, compared with participants with only 0 to 1 metrics. CONCLUSIONS: In an elderly Spanish population at high cardiovascular risk, better adherence to Life's Simple 7 metrics was progressively associated with a substantially lower rate of major cardiovascular events


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , American Heart Association , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Healthy Lifestyle , Age Factors , Body Mass Index , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cholesterol/blood , Diet, Healthy , Diet, Mediterranean , Exercise , Fasting/blood , Follow-Up Studies , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Regression Analysis , Sex Factors , Tobacco Smoke Pollution , Spain/epidemiology , Stroke/epidemiology , United States
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 135(14): 631-636, nov. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-83688

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivos: El valor del índice de masa corporal en el pronóstico de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica no está bien definido. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue determinar la asociación del índice de masa corporal con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular tanto clásicos como emergentes, con la mortalidad intrahospitalaria y a los 6 meses en pacientes con un primer infarto de miocardio. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, con seguimiento a los 6 meses. Se incluyeron 1.063 pacientes entre 25 y 75 años con un primer infarto de miocardio que ingresaron de forma consecutiva dentro de las primeras 24h del inicio de los síntomas entre los años 2001 y 2003. Se determinaron las características demográficas, antropométricas, de factores de riesgo clásicos y emergentes, clínicas y tratamiento recibido. Resultados: El porcentaje de pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad fue del 73,6 % y presentaban mayor prevalencia de factores de riesgo clásicos -salvo tabaquismo- y emergentes. Tanto en el análisis univariado como en el multivariado el índice de masa corporal no se asoció al pronóstico a 6 meses. Conclusiones: En nuestra población el índice de masa corporal no parece predecir el pronóstico de los pacientes tras un primer infarto de miocardio (AU)


Background and objectives: The value of body mass index in the prognosis of patients with ischemic heart disease is not well defined. The objective of our study was to determine the association of body mass index with classic and emergent cardiovascular risk factors and with intra-hospital and 6-months mortality. Patients and methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter study with a 6-months follow-up. We included 1063 patients between the ages of 25–75 years old who were consecutively admitted to the hospital within the first 24 hours of the onset of symptoms between years 2001 and 2003. We determined demographic and anthropometric variables, as well as classic and emergent factors of risk, clinical variables and the treatment administered. We carried out a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: The percentage of patients with overweight or obesity in this population was 73.56%. Overweight and obesity were associated with classical risk factors, except for smoking, and emergent risk factors. Body mass index was not associated with short-or mid-term prognosis. Conclusions: Body mass index is not a useful anthropometric measure to determine the prognosis of patients after a first myocardial infarction (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Body Mass Index , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Prognosis , Obesity/complications , Obesity/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Overweight/complications , Overweight/epidemiology , Multivariate Analysis , Predictive Value of Tests , Hospital Mortality
5.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(supl.1): 3-16, ene. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-123009

ABSTRACT

Desde la Sección de Cardiología Clínica y Extrahospitalaria se revisan las novedades actuales en el campo de la cardiología clínica, en esta ocasión con especial énfasis en las novedades en electrocardiografía de superficie y en el campo de mujer y cardiopatía. Se realiza asimismo una somera revisión de las principales novedades terapéuticas con fuerte impacto en la clínica diaria y se resume la actividad de la sección (AU)


This review from the Clinical Cardiology and Outpatient Section of the Spanish Society of Cardiology details recent progress in the field of clinical cardiology. On this occasion, the emphasis is on advances in surface electrocardiography and cardiovascular disease in women. In addition, the review contains a brief overview of those major new developments in therapy that have had the greatest impact on daily clinical practice and summarizes the activities of the Clinical Cardiology and Outpatient Section (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Electrocardiography/trends , Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Heart Diseases/epidemiology , Heart Valve Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use , Heart Valve Prosthesis/trends
6.
Pediatr. catalan ; 69(2): 81-88, mar.-abr. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-75253

ABSTRACT

La perforación esofágica de origen yatrogénico es rara en períodoneonatal. Se presentan dos casos, uno de ellos en un neonato atérmino y el otro en un prematuro. En ambos se referían maniobrasprevias de sondaje o de intubación endotraqueal como probablemecanismo de la lesión. La sintomatología inicial de uno delos casos fue similar a la de la atresia esofágica, y posteriormentese observó la situación anómala de una sonda nasogástrica en elmediastino. El otro cursó con un síndrome de dificultad respiratoriarelacionada con su prematuridad y complicada con un neumotórax.La sospecha se confirmó por el hallazgo accidental del extremode una sonda en el espacio pleural. En ambos casos, sedecidió efectuar una pauta conservadora con tratamiento antibióticode amplio espectro y nutrición parenteral total. La evoluciónfue favorable, sin secuelas aparentes. Se revisa esta entidad poniendoénfasis en aspectos sobre el diagnóstico y en la recomendación actual de considerar una terapéutica conservadora, y reservarel abordaje quirúrgico para los pocos casos que presentan unaevolución desfavorable(AU)


Iatrogenic oesophageal perforations are very rare in the newbornperiod. Herein, we report two cases occurring in a term and in apremature infant. In both cases, the probable mechanism of injurywas the orogastric or endotracheal tubes that both infants required.The initial symptoms in one of the cases mimicked those of oesophagealatresia, and imaging studies revealed the distal end ofthe nasogastric tube in the mediastinum. The second baby suffereda respiratory distress syndrome related to his prematurity, whichwas complicated by a pneumothorax. The suspicion of oesophagealperforation was confirmed after imaging revealed the distal end ofa orogastric tube in the pleural space. In both cases, a conservativetreatment was followed, consisting of broad-spectrum antibioticsand exclusive parenteral nutrition. Both cases evolved satisfactorily,with no sequelae. In this article, we provide an update on this entity,with special emphasis on early diagnosis and the current recommendationsbased on conservative management and avoidanceof surgery except on cases with adverse outcome(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Iatrogenic Disease , Esophageal Perforation/etiology , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Parenteral Nutrition
7.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(4): 373-382, abr. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-72641

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos. Determinar la prevalencia de pacientes que sufren un infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) sin factores de riesgo (FR) clásicos, si presentan una mayor prevalencia de FR emergentes y si algún FR emergente modifica el pronóstico a 6 meses. Métodos. FORTIAM (Factores Ocultos de Riesgo Tras un Infarto Agudo de Miocardio) es un estudio multicéntrico de cohortes de 1.371 pacientes que sufrieron un IAM e ingresaron en las primeras 24 h. Se utilizaron definiciones estrictas para los FR clásicos y se determinaron: lipoproteína (a) [Lp(a)], lipoproteína de baja densidad oxidada (LDLox), proteína C reactiva ultrasensible, fibrinógeno, homocisteína y anticuerpos anticlamidia. Los acontecimientos de interés a 6 meses fueron: muerte, angina o reIAM. Resultados. La prevalencia de pacientes con IAM sin FR clásicos fue del 8%. La ausencia de FR clásicos no afectó al pronóstico a 6 meses. Lp(a) y LDLox fueron los únicos FR emergentes que de forma independiente se asociaron a un peor pronóstico. Puntos de corte (suavización con splines): 60 mg/dl para Lp(a) y 74 U/l para LDLox. La hazard ratio ajustada por edad, sexo y FR clásicos, 1,40 (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,06-1,84) y 1,48 (IC del 95%, 1,06-2,06) respectivamente. Conclusiones. La proporción de pacientes con un IAM sin FR clásicos es baja y su pronóstico es similar al resto de pacientes con IAM. LDLox y de Lp(a) se asociaron a un peor pronóstico a 6 meses de forma independientemente de los FR clásicos (AU)


Introduction and objectives. To determine the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without classical risk factors, and to ascertain whether affected patients exhibit a higher prevalence of emergent risk factors and whether the presence of specific emergent risk factors influence prognosis at 6 months. Methods. The FORTIAM (Factores Ocultos de Riesgo Tras un Infarto Agudo de Miocardio) study is a multicenter cohort study that includes 1371 AMI patients who were admitted within 24 hours of symptom onset. Strict definitions were used for classical risk factors and the concentrations of the following markers were determined: lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, homocysteine, and antibody to Chlamydia. The endpoints observed during the 6-month follow-up were death, angina, and re-infarction. Results. The prevalence of AMI without classical risk factors was 8.0%. The absence of classical risk factors did not affect the 6-month prognosis. The only emergent risk factors independently associated with a poorer prognosis were the Lp(a) and oxLDL concentrations. Cut- points were determined using smoothing splines: 60 mg/dL for Lp(a) and 74 U/L for oxLDL. The associated hazard ratios, adjusted for age, sex, and classical risk factors, were 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.84 ) and 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.06), respectively. Conclusions. The proportion of AMI patients without classical risk factors was low and their prognosis was similar to that in other AMI patients. Both oxLDL and Lp(a) concentrations were independently associated with a poorer 6-month prognosis, irrespective of the presence of classical risk factors. factors was 8.0%. The absence of classical risk factors did not affect the 6-month prognosis. The only emergent risk factors independently associated with a poorer prognosis were the Lp(a) and oxLDL concentrations. Cut-points were determined using smoothing splines: 60 mg/ dL for Lp(a) and 74 U/L for oxLDL. The associated hazard ratios, adjusted for age, sex and classical risk factors, were 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.84 ) and 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.06), respectively. Conclusions. The proportion of AMI patients without classical risk factors was low and their prognosis was similar to that in other AMI patients. Both oxLDL and Lp(a) concentrations were independently associated with a poorer 6-month prognosis, irrespective of the presence of classical risk factors (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Acute Disease/epidemiology , Acute Disease/therapy , Biomarkers/analysis , Cohort Studies , Endpoint Determination/methods , Lipoproteins/blood , Lipoproteins, LDL/blood , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Biomarkers/metabolism , Endpoint Determination/trends , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Cholesterol, LDL/analysis
9.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(3): 269-275, mar. 2008. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64892

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos. La paraoxonasa 1 (PON1) y la paraoxonasa 2 (PON2) son enzimas antioxidantes cuyos polimorfismos PON1-192 y PON2-311 se han relacionado con el riesgo de infarto agudo de miocardio, con resultados discordantes. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la asociación con el riesgo de infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) de los polimorfismos PON1-192 y PON2-311 y su interacción. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en el que se reclutó a 746 pacientes consecutivos con IAM y 1.796 controles libres de enfermedad cardiovascular seleccionados al azar de la misma población de la que provenían los casos, en 4 comunidades autónomas españolas entre 1999 y 2000. Se determinaron los polimorfismos PON1-192 y PON2-311, además de los factores clásicos de riesgo cardiovascular. Se estimaron modelos de regresión logística para los análisis multivaribles. Resultados. Las odds ratio (OR) del genotipo QQ del polimorfismo PON1-192 y el SS del PON2-311 (presentes en el 50 y el 66% de la población, respectivamente) de presentar un IAM fueron 1,26 (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,02-1,55) y 1,25 (IC del 95%, 1,04-1,50), respectivamente, en comparación con los portadores de los alelos R y C. Además, para los sujetos que presentan ambos genotipos QQ y SS, la OR ajustada de tener un IAM se incrementó hasta 1,41 (IC del 95%, 1,13-1,76). Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados indican que los polimorfismos PON1-192 y PON2-311 son factores de riesgo de IAM independientes en nuestra población


Introduction and objectives. Two particular polymorphisms, namely PON1-192 and PON2-311, in the genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and paraoxonase-2 (PON2) have been associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, previous findings have been contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the PON1-192 and PON2-311 polymorphisms and their interaction on AMI risk. Methods. This case-control study involved 746 consecutive AMI patients and 1796 control subjects without cardiovascular disease, who were randomly selected from the same population from which the patients came. All participants were recruited between 1999 and 2000 from four Spanish autonomous regions. All were assessed for the presence of PON1-192 and PON2-311 and for classical cardiovascular risk factors. Multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression modeling. Results. The odds ratios (OR) of AMI for patients with the PON1-192 QQ and PON2-311 SS genotypes (who comprised 50% and 66% of the population, respectively) were 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02­1.55) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.04­1.50), respectively, compared with R and C allele carriers. Moreover, in patients with both QQ and SS genotypes, the adjusted OR of AMI increased to 1.41 (95% CI, 1.13­1.76). Conclusions. Our results indicate that the PON1-192 and PON2-311 polymorphisms were independent risk factors of AMI in our population


Subject(s)
Humans , Antioxidants/analysis , Enzymes/genetics , Myocardial Infarction/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Coronary Disease/genetics , Lipoproteins, HDL/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors
10.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(2): 126-136, feb. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037155

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos. Determinar el efecto de un tratamiento en estudios observacionales es problemático por las diferencias existentes entre tratados y no tratados. Un método propuesto para controlar estas diferenciases calcular la probabilidad condicionada por covariables de recibir el tratamiento, Propensity Score (PS).Presentamos una aplicación de este método analizándola asociación entre reperfusión y letalidad a 28 días en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM).Método. Se presenta cómo calcular la PS de recibir reperfusión y las diferentes estrategias para analizar posteriormente su asociación con la letalidad mediante modelos de regresión y apareamiento. Utilizamos datos de un registro poblacional de IAM realizado en España entre1997 y 1998 que incluyó 6.307 IAM. Resultados. Se calculó la PS de reperfusión en 5.622pacientes. En el análisis multivariado la reperfusión se asoció con menor letalidad (odds ratio [OR] = 0,59; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 0,46-0,77); al ajustara demás por la PS de reperfusión esta asociación no fue significativa (OR = 0,76; IC del 95%, 0,57-1,01). En el subgrupo de pacientes apareados, tratados y no tratados con PS de reperfusión similar (n = 3.138), este tratamiento no se asoció con letalidad (OR = 0,95; IC del95%, 0,72-1,26). Controlando el impacto de los casos con datos insuficientes en la PS de reperfusión, ésta se asoció con menor letalidad (OR = 0,66; IC del 95%,0,55-0,80).Conclusiones. El cálculo de la PS es un método para controlar las diferencias entre los grupos tratado y no tratado. Tiene limitaciones cuando el apareamiento es incompleto o hay datos insuficientes en la PS calculada. Los resultados del ejemplo presentado indican que la reperfusión reduce la letalidad del IAM


Introduction and objectives. Analysis of the effect of treatment in observational studies is complex due to differences between treated and non-treated patients. Calculating the probability of receiving treatment conditioned on relevant covariates (propensity score [PS]) has been proposed as a method to control for these differences. Were port an application of PS to assess the association between reperfusion treatment and 28-day case fatality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Method. We describe the procedure used to calculate PS for receiving reperfusion treatment, and different strategies to analyze the association between PS and case fatality with regression modeling and matching. Data were from a population-based registry of 6307 patients with AMI in Spain during 1997-98.Results. The PS for reperfusion was calculated in 5622patients. In the multivariate analysis, reperfusion was associated with lower case fatality (OR = 0.59; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.46-0.77). When PS was included as a covariate, this association became non-significant (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.57-1.01). In the subgroup of matched patients with a similar PS (n = 3138),treatment was not associated with case fatality (OR =0.95; 95% CI: 0.72-1.26). When the influence of cases with missing data on PS was controlled for, reperfusion treatment was associated with lower fatality (OR = 0.66;95% CI: 0.55-0.80).Conclusions. Calculating propensity score is a method that controls for differences between treated and non-treated patients. This score has limitations when matching is incomplete and when data are missing. Results of the present example suggest that reperfusion treatment reduces AMI case fatality


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Humans , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Myocardial Reperfusion/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Mortality , Likelihood Functions , Multivariate Analysis , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Odds Ratio , Prognosis , Registries , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology
11.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 121(16): 606-612, nov. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-25747

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVO: El estudio de la mortalidad poblacional del infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), que incluye las muertes ocurridas antes de llegar al hospital, ofrece una visión más completa sobre la magnitud del problema que la obtenida estudiando únicamente la mortalidad de los casos que reciben atención hospitalaria. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Los datos provienen del estudio IBERICA (Investigación, Búsqueda Específica y Registro de Isquemia Coronaria Aguda). Se describe la mortalidad en los primeros 28 días desde el inicio de los síntomas de los episodios de IAM registrados, durante 1997 y 1998, en la población de 25 a 74 años residente en 7 comunidades autónomas españolas: Castilla-La Mancha (Toledo y Albacete), Cataluña (Girona), Comunidad Valenciana (Valencia), Islas Baleares (Mallorca), Murcia, Navarra y País Vasco. Además, se estudia la relación entre mortalidad y otras variables como el sexo, la edad y el área geográfica. RESULTADOS: Se registraron 10.654 casos de IAM de los que 4.105 fallecieron durante los 28 primeros días (38,5 por ciento; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95 por ciento, 37,6-39,4 por ciento). La mortalidad fue del 37,0 por ciento (IC del 95 por ciento, 35,9-38,0 por ciento) en los varones y del 44,3 por ciento (IC del 95 por ciento, 42,3-46,4 por ciento) en las mujeres. La muerte se produjo fuera del hospital en 2.869 (69,9 por ciento) casos. La mayor mortalidad en mujeres estuvo relacionada fundamentalmente con una mayor mortalidad hospitalaria (45 por ciento superior a la registrada en los varones), siendo menor la diferencia en la proporción de casos que fallecieron fuera del hospital. La sintomatología típica de presentación del episodio fue más frecuente en varones (el 82,7 frente al 77,6 por ciento) (p < 0,001). Entre los pacientes que llegaron vivos al hospital, el tiempo transcurrido entre el comienzo de los síntomas y el inicio del tratamiento fue, en promedio, 30 min menor en los varones (p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: La mortalidad poblacional por IAM en estas 7 áreas españolas es muy elevada aunque inferior a la de otros países industrializados. Aproximadamente dos de cada tres muertes ocurren antes de llegar al hospital. Estos datos refuerzan el papel prioritario de la prevención primaria y secundaria, ya que los cuidados hospitalarios tienen un impacto limitado en el control de la mortalidad poblacional por IAM. También indican que una forma de reducir la mortalidad debería incluir el acceso rápido a la desfibrilación y a las maniobras de resucitación de los pacientes que presenten una muerte súbita (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Risk Factors , Myocardial Infarction
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