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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 29(2): 282-91, 2014 Feb 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24528343

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy in the reduction of weight with a cetogenic very low calorie diet followed by alimentary reeducation according to the PronoKal® method in patients with overweight and obesity, and the safety during the procedure. METHODS: Retrospective, observational and multicentre study where the patient's descriptive variables, variables related with the ponderal change, abdominal waist circumference, and general biochemistry were statistically analysed at the end of each treatment stages, and the adverse events referred at each visit during the treatment. RESULTS: From the 426 evaluable cases, 62.3% of the patients were obese. The 16.7% had hyperlipemia, the 2.3% type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the 4.8% arterial hypertension. At the end of treatment, the mean weight lost was 17.1 ± 8.0 kg (p < 0.001), with a BMI reduction of 6.2 ± 3.0 kg/m2. The 54.2% of the patients achieved the status of normoweight (35.9% of obese patients), higher in women than in men (62.5% vs 28.2%, respectively; p < 0.001). Waist perimeter was reduced in 17.3 ± 9.5 cm. There was an improvement in all laboratory variables in diabetic, hypertensive and dyslipemic patients, reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05) in glucose reduction (28.8%) in diabetics, in glucose (12.7%) and cholesterol (14.5%) reduction in hypertensive, and in glucose (11.7%), total cholesterol (14.5%), LDL cholesterol (11.3%) and triglycerides (37.9%) reduction in dyslipemics. The presence of adverse events was reported in 23.7% of patients, mainly constipation (23.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The PronoKal® method is an effective and safe method of excess weight approach, when it is done at completion and under a strict multidisciplinary medical control, improving different cardiovascular risk parameters.


Introducción y Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia en la reducción de peso con la utilización de dieta de muy bajo aporte calórico cetogénica y posterior reeducación alimentaria según el método PronoKal ® en pacientes con sobrepeso y obesidad, y la seguridad durante su aplicación. Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico observacional, retrospectivo en que se analizaron estadísticamente variables descriptivas de los pacientes, variables relacionadas con el cambio ponderal, circunferencia de cintura abdominal, y bioquímica general al final de cada una de las etapas de tratamiento, y los acontecimientos adversos referidos en cada visita a lo largo del tratamiento. Resultados: De los 426 casos evaluables, el 62,3% de los pacientes eran obesos. El 16,7% presentaba hiperlipemia, el 2,3% diabetes mellitus tipo 2, y el 4,8% hipertensión arterial. Al final del tratamiento la media de peso perdido fue de 17,1 ± 8,0 kg (p < 0,001), con una reducción del IMC de 6,2 ± 3,0 kg/m2. El 54,2% de pacientes alcanzó la situación de normopeso (35,9% de los obesos), siendo mayor en mujeres que en hombres (62,5% vs 28,2%, respectivamente; p < 0,001). El perímetro de la cintura se redujo en 17,3 ± 9,5 cm. Hubo mejora de todos los parámetros analíticos en los pacientes diabéticos, hipertensos y dislipémicos, alcanzándose la significación estadística (p < 0,05) en la disminución de glucosa (28,8%) en diabéticos, en la disminución de glucosa (12,7%) y colesterol (14,5%) en hipertensos, y en la disminución de glucosa (11,7%), colesterol total (11,9%), colesterol LDL (11,3%) y triglicéridos (37,9%) en dislipémicos. La aparición de acontecimientos adversos se refirió en el 23,7% de los pacientes, principalmente estreñimiento (23,9%). Conclusiones: El método PronoKal® es un método eficaz y seguro de abordaje del exceso de peso, cuando se realiza de forma completa y bajo estricto control clínico multidisciplinar, mejorando diferentes parámetros de riesgo cardiovascular.


Subject(s)
Diet, Reducing , Obesity/diet therapy , Overweight/diet therapy , Adult , Aged , Caloric Restriction , Energy Intake , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 29(2): 282-291, 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-120585

ABSTRACT

Introducción y Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia en la reducción de peso con la utilización de dieta de muy bajo aporte calórico cetogénica y posterior reeducación alimentaria según el método PronoKal® en pacientes con sobrepeso y obesidad, y la seguridad durante su aplicación. Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico observacional, retrospectivo en que se analizaron estadísticamente variables descriptivas de los pacientes, variables relacionadas con el cambio ponderal, circunferencia de cintura abdominal, y bioquímica general al final de cada una de las etapas de tratamiento, y los acontecimientos adversos referidos en cada visita a lo largo del tratamiento. Resultados: De los 426 casos evaluables, el 62,3% de los pacientes eran obesos. El 16,7% presentaba hiperlipemia, el 2,3% diabetes mellitus tipo 2, y el 4,8% hipertensión arterial. Al final del tratamiento la media de peso perdido fue de 17,1 ± 8,0 kg (p < 0,001), con una reducción del IMC de 6,2 ± 3,0 kg/m2. El 54,2% de pacientes alcanzó la situación de normopeso (35,9% de los obesos), siendo mayor en mujeres que en hombres (62,5% vs 28,2%, respectivamente; p < 0,001). El perímetro de la cintura se redujo en 17,3 ± 9,5 cm. Hubo mejora de todos los parámetros analíticos en los pacientes diabéticos, hipertensos y dislipémicos, alcanzándose la significación estadística (p < 0,05) en la disminución de glucosa (28,8%) en diabéticos, en la disminución de glucosa (12,7%) y colesterol (14,5%) en hipertensos, y en la disminución de glucosa (11,7%), colesterol total (11,9%), colesterol LDL (11,3%) y triglicéridos (37,9%) en dislipémicos. La aparición de acontecimientos adversos se refirió en el 23,7% de los pacientes, principalmente estreñimiento (23,9%). Conclusiones: El método PronoKal® es un método eficaz y seguro de abordaje del exceso de peso, cuando se realiza de forma completa y bajo estricto control clínico multidisciplinar, mejorando diferentes parámetros de riesgo cardiovascular (AU)


Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy in the reduction of weight with a cetogenic very low calorie diet followed by alimentary reeducation according to the PronoKal® method in patients with overweight and obesity, and the safety during the procedure. Methods: Retrospective, observational and multicentre study where the patient's descriptive variables, variables related with the ponderal change, abdominal waist circumference, and general biochemistry were statistically analysed at the end of each treatment stages, and the adverse events referred at each visit during the treatment. Results: From the 426 evaluable cases, 62.3% of the patients were obese. The 16.7% had hyperlipemia, the 2.3% type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the 4.8% arterial hypertension. At the end of treatment, the mean weight lost was 17.1 ± 8.0 kg (p < 0.001), with a BMI reduction of 6.2 ± 3.0 kg/m2. The 54.2% of the patients achieved the status of normoweight (35.9% of obese patients), higher in women than in men (62.5% vs 28.2%, respectively; p < 0.001). Waist perimeter was reduced in 17.3 ± 9.5 cm. There was an improvement in all laboratory variables in diabetic, hypertensive and dyslipemic patients, reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05) in glucose reduction (28.8%) in diabetics, in glucose (12.7%) and cholesterol (14.5%) reduction in hypertensive, and in glucose (11.7%), total cholesterol (14.5%), LDL cholesterol (11.3%) and triglycerides (37.9%) reduction in dyslipemics. The presence of adverse events was reported in 23.7% of patients, mainly constipation (23.9%). Conclusions: The PronoKal® method is an effective and safe method of excess weight approach, when it is done at completion and under a strict multidisciplinary medical control, improving different cardiovascular risk parameters (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Overweight/diet therapy , Diet, Reducing/methods , Food and Nutrition Education , Obesity/diet therapy , Risk Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies
3.
Nutr Metab (Lond) ; 7: 88, 2010 Dec 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21143928

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide, accounting for 85-95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. Clinical trials provide evidence of benefits of low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets in terms of clinical outcomes on type 2 diabetes patients. However, the molecular events responsible for these improvements still remain unclear in spite of the high amount of knowledge on the primary mechanisms of both the diabetes and the metabolic state of ketosis. Molecular network analysis of conditions, diseases and treatments might provide new insights and help build a better understanding of clinical, metabolic and molecular relationships among physiological conditions. Accordingly, our aim is to reveal such a relationship between a ketogenic diet and type 2 diabetes through systems biology approaches. METHODS: Our systemic approach is based on the creation and analyses of the cell networks representing the metabolic state in a very-low-carbohydrate low-fat ketogenic diet. This global view might help identify unnoticed relationships often overlooked in molecule or process-centered studies. RESULTS: A strong relationship between the insulin resistance pathway and the ketosis main pathway was identified, providing a possible explanation for the improvement observed in clinical trials. Moreover, the map analyses permit the formulation of some hypothesis on functional relationships between the molecules involved in type 2 diabetes and induced ketosis, suggesting, for instance, a direct implication of glucose transporters or inflammatory processes. The molecular network analysis performed in the ketogenic-diet map, from the diabetes perspective, has provided insights on the potential mechanism of action, but also has opened new possibilities to study the applications of the ketogenic diet in other situations such as CNS or other metabolic dysfunctions.

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