ABSTRACT
Coccidiosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria that affect the intestinal tract of poultry. However, strain resistance and drug residue in the carcass have drawn the attention of the productive sector. The nanotechnology can improve the biological effect of drugs, reducing of administered doses and toxic effects. Due to this, toltrazuril-load polymeric nanoparticles based on Eudragit® S100 (NCt) or poly-ε-caprolactone (LNCt) were developed to prevent coccidiosis in broilers. Nanoformulations were produced and showed homogeneous particle diameter distribution in the nanometer range (z-average and D (4.3) < 200 nm), negative zeta potential (<-8.93 mV), drug content ~100%, and encapsulation efficiency >90%. Cell viability assays using avian fibroblasts showed that LNCt presented no relevant toxicity up to 72 h. LNCt was then prophylactically administrated to chicken followed by challenge with Eimeria oocysts. The evaluation of the small intestine and cecum showed that the treatment with LNCt (3.5 mg/kg/day) in drinking water reduced the lesion scores and oocysts excretion, similar to the reference medicine containing toltrazuril (Baycox®, 7 mg/kg/day). The current study shows the potential protective use of nanoencapsulating anticoccidial drugs as a promising approach for the control of coccidiosis in poultry.
ABSTRACT
Analisa a influência dos grupos terapêuticos em Centro de Atenção Psicossocial entre usuários com dependência de cocaína/crack, em Fortaleza - Ceará. Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, entre 2009 e 2010. Realizou-se uma análise bivariada entre as variáveis dependentes e independentes. Os grupos terapêuticos foram influenciados pela profissão, por abandono de tratamento, drogas ilícitas, número de consultas e prescrições. Observa-se a necessidade de elaborar estratégias para melhorar as ações preventivas comunitárias, visando a aumentar a adesão dos dependentes de cocaína/crack às atividades terapêuticas, conforme a legislação vigente de saúde mental.
It analyzes the influence of the therapeutic groups at Psychosocial Care Center among users with cocaine/crack dependence, Fortaleza - Ceará. Descriptive and retrospective study between 2009 and 2010. A bivariate analysis between the dependent and independent variables was performed. The therapeutic groups were influenced by the occupation, treatment abandonment, illegal drugs, number of visits to the doctors and prescriptions. It is observed the necessity to elaborate strategies in order to improve communitarian preventive actions, aiming to increase the cocaine/crack dependents adherence to the therapeutic activities, in accordance to the current mental health legislation.
