A Decrease in Branched-Chain Amino Acids after a Competitive Male Professional Volleyball Game-A Metabolomic-Based Approach.

A competitive volleyball game is a highly metabolic and physically demanding event for professional players. This study aimed to investigate whether a single game at the end of a preseason promotes changes in the biochemical markers of physical exercise responses and the metabolomic profile of professional volleyball players. This cross-sectional study included 13 male Brazilian professional volleyball players. Food intake, body composition, heart rate, physical movement variables, and blood biochemical indicators were evaluated. For non-target metabolomic analysis, serum samples were subjected to 500 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Data analysis showed no significant difference in the biochemical indicators after the game (p > 0.05). The level of metabolites present in the groups of the main components (ß-hydroxybutyrate, arginine/lysine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine) had decreased after the game. However, formic acid and histidine levels increased. Among the compounds not part of the main components, hypoxanthine and tyrosine increased, whereas low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein levels decreased. After the game, the metabolomic profiles of players showed significant negative variations in essential amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). These decreases might be influenced by athlete diet and reduced glycogen storage due to lower carbohydrate intake, potentially impacting serum-essential amino acid levels via oxidation in skeletal muscle. The study provides insights for developing metabolic compensation strategies in athletes.

Analysis of ingredient list and nutrient composition of plant-based burgers available in the global market.

The nutrient composition of plant-based burgers is a key factor when making their purchase/consumption decision to maintain a balanced diet. For this reason, ingredient list and nutritional information of burgers launched in the global market were retrieved from their labels. Products were classified based on the technology development, market position and region of the manufacturer. From the ingredient analysis, we observed a high heterogeneity in the ingredients used, a predominance of soy and wheat as main sources of proteins, and the increasing use of new protein sources (e.g. peas, other types of beans and pseudo-cereals). Oil was the most cited ingredient followed by salt. Nutritional composition varied mainly depending on the region with no clear pattern among countries. To less extent, technology development resulted in traditional products with lower amounts of protein and higher amounts of carbohydrates. Vegan and vegetarian products showed limited differences due to the high intra-heterogenicity.

Effect of photobiomodulation associated with strengthening pelvic floor muscles in volunteers with urinary incontinence: a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled clinical trial.

The dysfunctions of the female pelvic floor have a great influence on the quality of life of women, in all areas, social, psychological, and sexual. Stress urinary incontinence is the clinical condition in which the woman involuntarily loses urine to efforts, such as coughing and sneezing, causing great embarrassment and affecting her quality of life. The physiotherapeutic treatments include muscle strengthening; however, muscle fatigue is present when performing the exercises. Here we investigate the effects of photobiomodulation to prevent muscle fatigue in the pelvic floor in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, associated with a muscle strengthening exercise protocol. We used an infrared laser (808 nm, 100 mW) and 3 J/point and fluence of 107.1 J/cm2. The application was performed at 3 points on the vaginal introits and at another 3 points inside the vaginal canal cavity for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence associated with strengthening exercises with vaginal cones. Twenty-two volunteers participated in the study, divided into two groups: group 1 (laser therapy + strengthening) and group 2 (placebo laser + strengthening). In the group 1 quality of life score, the assessment (11.63 ± 4.33) was the highest score at 17 and in the reevaluation (7.81 ± 5.14) the lowest was 0 (p < 0.05). The muscular strength increased considerably (p < 0.05) for group 1, where the vast majority of patients gained more than twice the strength in the pelvic apparatus (8.36 ± 6.65 before X 13.81 ± 8.92 after). The volunteers acquired an increase in the contraction of the muscles of the pelvic apparatus (p < 0.05) (3.45 ± 1.07); after laser application, this number increased considerably (4.27 ± 0.61). Endurance had an increase of almost 50% compared to placebo, demonstrating the resistance gain in the perineal muscles (3.90 ± 2.35 X 5 ± 1.90). We concluded that photobiomodulation treatment showed significant efficacy in relation to muscle fatigue in the pelvic apparatus right after a strengthening program in women with stress urinary incontinence.

Genome mining reveals secondary metabolites of Antarctic bacterium Streptomyces albidoflavus related to antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities.

The urgent need for new antimicrobials arises from antimicrobial resistance. Actinobacteria, especially Streptomyces genus, are responsible for production of numerous clinical antibiotics and anticancer agents. Genome mining reveals the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) related to secondary metabolites and the genetic potential of a strain to produce natural products. However, this potential may not be expressed under laboratory conditions. In the present study, the Antarctic bacterium was taxonomically affiliated as Streptomyces albidoflavus ANT_B131 (CBMAI 1855). The crude extracts showed antimicrobial activity against both fungi, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and antiproliferative activity against five human tumor cell lines. Whole-genome sequencing reveals a genome size of 6.96 Mb, and the genome mining identified 24 BGCs, representing 13.3% of the genome. The use of three culture media and three extraction methods reveals the expression and recovery of 20.8% of the BGCs. The natural products identified included compounds, such as surugamide A, surugamide D, desferrioxamine B + Al, desferrioxamine E, and ectoine. This study reveals the potential of S. albidoflavus ANT_B131 as a natural product producer. Yet, the diversity of culture media and extraction methods could enhance the BGCs expression and recovery of natural products, and could be a strategy to intensify the BGC expression of natural products.

Effectiveness of current protein recommendations in adolescent athletes on a low-carbon diet.

Adolescent athletes require adequate energy and nutrient supply to support growth, development, and the demands associated with exercise and training. However, they are susceptible to nutritional inadequacies affecting their health and physical performance. Food choices with nutrient adequacy and environmental protection is crucial for a sustainable diet. Therefore, we aimed to assess the adequacy of low-carbon diets to meet the protein requirements of adolescent athletes. Therefore, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 91 adolescent athletes from sports clubs in Rio de Janeiro who underwent anthropometric and food consumption assessments. To estimate the environmental impact of anthropogenic activities, the sustainability indicators carbon footprint (CF) and water footprint (WF) were used. The CF of the athlete's diet was compared with the benchmark of 1,571 g CO2eq/cap/d estimated by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Protein recommendations according to the American Dietetic Association (ADA) for athletes and protein food groups according to the low-carbon EAT-Lancet reference diet were used as references. The results were stratified by sport modality, age, sex, and income range. The Mann-Whitney test was performed, followed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc test to assess the differences between groups using the statistical program GraphPad PRISM® version 8.0. CF and WF were directly associated with total energy intake, total protein intake, animal-origin protein intake, and the food groups of meat and eggs. Significant differences were observed in the environmental impact of diet based on sports groups and gender. The athletes' profile with higher environmental impact was male, middle-income class, and of any age group. The quartiles of CF of the overall diets were above the 1,571 g CO2eq/cap/d benchmark. Additionally, ADA's recommended range of daily protein consumption was met by most athletes, even in the lowest quartile of CF. Thus, a diet with a lower environmental impact can meet protein recommendations in adolescent athletes. The results found are of interest to the sports and food industries. It could help in designing a balanced diet for athletes as well as ensure less negative environmental impacts of food production and consumption.

A importância do conhecimento técnico e científico do enfermeiro no procedimento de intubação traqueal / La importancia del conocimiento técnico y científico de la enfermera en el procedimiento de intubación traqueal / The importance of the technical and scientific knowledge of the nurse in the tracheal intubation procedure

Objetivo: identificar o grau do conhecimento técnico e científico dos enfermeiros no procedimento intubação traqueal. Método: pesquisa de campo com caráter descritivo-exploratória e quantitativa tendo identificado, através do resultado de um questionário aplicado a 23 profissionais enfermeiros, em um Hospital Geral do Vale do Paraíba, o grau de conhecimento técnico e científico sobre o procedimento de intubação traqueal. A coleta dos dados foi realizada nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2021. Resultados: a enfermagem participa e desempenha papel importante no procedimento de intubação, desde os diagnósticos até a avaliação contínua dos principais sinais e sintomas, estabelecendo um plano de cuidados, intervenções e atividades que permitirão fornecer o melhor atendimento ao paciente. Conclusão: O conhecimento do enfermeiro durante o procedimento de intubação traquel é de extrema importância, visando a qualidade da assistência, e a segurança do paciente.(AU)

Objective: To identify the degree of technical and scientific knowledge of nurses in the tracheal intubation procedure. Method: descriptive-exploratory and quantitative field research, having identified, through the result of a questionnaire applied to 23 nursing professionals, in a General Hospital of the Paraíba Valley, the degree of technical and scientific knowledge about the tracheal intubation procedure. Data were collected in September and October 2021. Results: nursing participates and plays an important role in the intubation procedure, from diagnoses to continuous evaluation of the main signs and symptoms, establishing a care plan, interventions and activities that will allow providing the best patient care. Conclusion: The knowledge of nurses during the traquel intubation procedure is extremely important, aiming at the quality of care, and patient safety.(AU)

Objetivo: identificar el grado de conocimiento técnico y científico de las enfermeras en el procedimiento de intubación traqueal. Método: investigación de campo descriptiva-exploratoria y cuantitativa, habiendo identificado, a través del resultado de un cuestionario aplicado a 23 profesionales de enfermería, en un Hospital General del Valle de Paraíba, el grado de conocimiento técnico y científico sobre el procedimiento de intubación traqueal. Los datos fueron recolectados en septiembre y octubre de 2021. Resultados: La enfermería participa y juega un papel importante en el procedimiento de intubación, desde el diagnóstico hasta la evaluación continua de los principales signos y síntomas, estableciendo un plan de cuidados, intervenciones y actividades que permitan brindar la mejor atención al paciente. Conclusión: El conocimiento de las enfermeras durante el procedimiento deintubación de traquel es extremadamente importante, apuntando a la calidad de la atención y la seguridad del paciente.(AU)

Predictive equations for resting metabolic rate are not appropriate to use in Brazilian male adolescent football athletes.

High accuracy in estimating energy expenditure is essential for enhancing sports performance. The resting metabolic rate (RMR), as a primary component of total energy expenditure (TEE), is commonly estimated using predictive equations. However, these references may not be applicable to adolescent athletes. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to analyse the differences between predicted RMR in relation to energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) among 45 Brazilian male adolescent football athletes. Indirect calorimetry (IC) and anthropometric (bioimpedance) measurements were recorded at a single visit to the laboratory after fasting overnight. The mean age was 15.6 ± 1.14 years, body mass was 63.05 ± 7.8 kg, and height was 172 ± 7.5 cm. The RMR values predicted by equations proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (United Nations), Henry and Rees (HR), Harris Benedict (HB), and Cunningham (CUN) were compared with IC RMR values, by correlation analysis. The FAO and HR predictive equations yielded different values from IC (IC: 1716.26 ± 202.58, HR: 1864.87 ± 147.78, FAO: 1854.28 ± 130.19, p = 0.001). A moderate correlation of 0.504 was found between the results of HB and IC. In the survival-agreement model, the CUN equation showed low disagreement with the IC RMR, with error values between 200 and 300 kcal/day. The results showed that HB and CUN yielded similar values as IC, with the CUN equation showing low disagreement with IC; hence, adolescent athletes should undergo evaluation with precise laboratory methods to ensure that accurate information about RMR is recorded.

Amor de mãe: mobilizando sentimentos e afetos na sustentação de uma denúncia e na reconstrução do cotidiano / A mother's love: mobilization of feelings and affections in supporting a missing person's report and rebuilding daily life / Amor de madre: movilizando sentimientos y afectos en la sustentación de una denuncia y en la reconstrucción del cotidiano

Resumo Entre mães e familiares de vítimas do Estado, a possiblidade de vivenciar e de elaborar o luto está intensamente vinculada ao reconhecimento público da denúncia. No entanto, mobilizações e demandas são respondidas com represálias; as mortes e desaparecimentos não são plenamente percebidos como problemas sociais e reconhecidos enquanto homicídios. Por meio de um estudo de caso, que se arrasta por quinze anos sem solução jurídica, intenciono interpretar a expressão dos sentimentos maternos como recurso político e de sensibilização. Observo uma biografia moral e afetiva como ampliação discursiva e emocional de experiências maternas desencadeadas e construídas ao longo da percepção do evento crítico que é o desaparecimento forçado e analiso modalidades de afirmação que se desenrolam quando a violência é movimentada na fronteira entre denúncia e relações correntes.

Abstract For mothers and relatives of victims of the State, the chances of experiencing grief are closely linked to public acknowledgement of a missing person's report. However, mobilisations and demands are met with retaliation; deaths and disappearances are not fully perceived as social problems or acknowledged as homicides. By means of a fifteen-year case study still legally unsolved, my aim is to interpret the expression of motherly feelings as a political and sensitising resource. My contention is that a moral and affective biography is a discursive and emotional enlargement of motherly experiences that are triggered and constructed throughout the perception of an enforced disappearance as a critical episode. Moreover, I analyse modalities of assertion that take place whenever violence is performed at the border between a missing person's report and current relations.

Resumen Entre las madres y los parientes de victimas del Estado, la posibilidad de vivir y elaborar el luto está intensamente vinculada al reconocimiento público de la denuncia. Sin embargo, las movilizaciones y demandas son respondidas con represalias; las muertes y desaparecimientos no son plenamente entendidos como problemas sociales o reconocidos como homicidios. A través de un estudio de caso que se ha desarrollado por quince años sin solución jurídica, mi objetivo es interpretar la expresión de los sentimientos maternos como recurso político y de sensibilización. Observo una biografía moral y afectiva como una ampliación discursiva y emocional de experiencias maternas desencadenadas y construidas a lo largo de la percepción de un desaparecimiento forzado como un evento crítico. Además, analizo las modalidades de afirmación que se desarrollan cuando la violencia se mueve en la frontera entre la denuncia y las relaciones vigentes.

Draft Genome Sequence of Marinobacter sp. Strain ANT_B65, Isolated from Antarctic Marine Sponge.

Marinobacter sp. strain ANT_B65 was isolated from sponge collected in King George Island, Antarctica. The draft genome of 4,173,840 bp encodes 3,743 protein-coding open reading frames. The genome will provide insights into the strain's potential use in the production of natural products.

Anaerobic degradation of anionic surfactants by indigenous microorganisms from sediments of a tropical polluted river in Brazil.

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is widely used in the formulation of domestic and industrial cleaning products, the most synthetic surfactants used worldwide. These products can reach water bodies through the discharge of untreated sewage or non-effective treatments. This study evaluates the ability of the microorganisms found in the Tiete river sediment to degrade this synthetic surfactant. The experiment was conducted in a bioreactor, operated in batch sequences under denitrifying conditions, with cycles of 24 hours and stirring at 150rpm, using 430 mL of sediments and 1 070mL of a synthetic substrate consisting of yeast extract, soluble starch, sodium bicarbonate and sucrose. LAS was added at different concentrations of l5mg/L and 30mg/L. The reactor operation was divided into the biomass adaptation to the synthetic substrate without LAS and three experimental conditions: a) addition of l5mg/L of LAS; b) 50% reduction the co-substrate concentration and 15 mg/L of LAS, and c) addition of 30mg/L of LAS and 100% co-substrate concentration. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of LAS was directly related to the addition of co-substrates and the population of denitrifying bacteria. The removal of LAS and nitrate can be achieved simultaneously in wastewater with low organic loads. The reduction in the co-substrates concentration was directly influenced by the number of denitrifying bacteria (2.2x10(13) to 1.0 x 10(8) MPN/gTVS), and consequently, LAS degradation (60.1 to 55.4%). The sediment microorganisms in the Tiete river can be used as an alternative inoculum in the treatment of wastewater with nitrate and LAS contamination.

Anaerobic degradation of anionic surfactants by indigenous microorganisms from sediments of a tropical polluted river in Brazil / Degradación anaeróbica de tensioactivos aniónicos en microorganismos autóctonos de los sedimentos de un río tropical contaminado en Brasil

Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is widely used in the formulation of domestic and industrial cleaning products, the most synthetic surfactants used worldwide. These products can reach water bodies through the discharge of untreated sewage or non-effective treatments. This study evaluates the ability of the microorganisms found in the Tietê river sediment to degrade this synthetic surfactant. The experiment was conducted in a bioreactor, operated in batch sequences under denitrifying conditions, with cycles of 24 hours and stirring at 150rpm, using 430mL of sediments and 1 070mL of a synthetic substrate consisting of yeast extract, soluble starch, sodium bicarbonate and sucrose. LAS was added at different concentrations of 15mg/L and 30mg/L. The reactor operation was divided into the biomass adaptation to the synthetic substrate without LAS and three experimental conditions: a) addition of 15mg/L of LAS; b) 50% reduction the co-substrate concentration and 15mg/L of LAS, and c) addition of 30mg/L of LAS and 100% co-substrate concentration. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of LAS was directly related to the addition of co-substrates and the population of denitrifying bacteria. The removal of LAS and nitrate can be achieved simultaneously in wastewater with low organic loads. The reduction in the co-substrates concentration was directly influenced by the number of denitrifying bacteria (2.2x10(13) to 1.0x10(8)MPN/gTVS), and consequently, LAS degradation (60.1 to 55.4%). The sediment microorganisms in the Tietê river can be used as an alternative inoculum in the treatment of wastewater with nitrate and LAS contamination.

El alquilbenceno sulfonato lineal (LAS) es el tensoactivo sintético más usado en todo el mundo en los produtos de limpeza domestica e industrial y puede llegar a las masas de agua a través de la descarga de aguas residuales sin tratamiento o con un tratamiento ineficaz. El objetivo del estudio consistió en evaluar la capacidad de la microbiota presente en el sedimento del río Tietê en la degradación del tensoactivo anionico - LAS. El experimento se llevó a cabo en un bioreactor de lotes secuenciales en condiciones de desnitrificación con ciclos de 24 horas, agitación de 150rpm, usando 430mL de sedimento y 1 070mL de sustrato sintético constituido por extracto de levadura, almidón soluble, bicarbonato de sodio y sacarosa. El LAS fue añadido a diferentes concentraciones de 15mg/L y 30mg/L. El funcionamiento del bioreactor se dividió en la adaptación de la biomasa con sustrato sintético sin LAS y tres condiciones experimentales: A) adición de 15mg/L de LAS; B) 15mg/L de LAS y reducción del 50% de la concentración del co-sustrato y C) 30mg/L de LAS y la concentración de 100% de co-substrato. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la eficiencia en la degradación del LAS está directamente relacionada con la población de bacterias desnitrificadoras y que el sedimento del río Tietê se puede utilizar como inóculo en el tratamiento de LAS en condiciones desnitrificadoras. La población de bacterias fue capaz de degradar el LAS independiente de la fuente de carbón adicionada. La remoción de LAS y de nitrato se puede lograr simultáneamente en aguas residuales con una baja carga orgánica. La reducción de la concentración del co-sustrato fue influenciado directamente por la población de bacterias desnitrificantes (2.2x10(13) a 1.0x10(8)MNP/gTVS) y por lo tanto la degradación de LAS (60.1-55.4%). Los microorganismos en el sedimento del río Tietê se pueden usar como inóculo alternativo para el tratamiento de efluentes contaminados con nitrato y LAS.

Antimicrobial resistance of heterotrophic marine bacteria isolated from seawater and sands of recreational beaches with different organic pollution levels in southeastern Brazil: evidences of resistance dissemination.

Antimicrobial resistance of marine heterotrophic bacteria to different antimicrobials agents were evaluated in seawater, dry and wet sands from three marine recreational beaches with different pollution levels. In all studied beaches, the greatest frequencies of resistance were found in relation to penicillin. On Gonzaguinha, the most polluted beach, 72.3% of all isolated strains showed simple resistance, whilst 8.33% had multiple resistance. The values found on Ilha Porchat beach, were 70.8% and 6.9% for simple and multiple resistances, respectively. On Guaraú, the less polluted beach, only 35.3% of isolated strains had simple resistance. Multiple resistance was not observed. While samples from Gonzaguinha and Ilha Porchat beach showed isolated strains resistant to seven and six different antimicrobial agents, respectively, samples from Guaraú beach were resistant only to penicillin and erytromicin. The positive correlations obtained between the degree of seawater contamination and frequency and variability of bacterial resistance indicate that polluted marine recreational waters and sands are sources of resistant bacteria contributing thus, to the dissemination of bacterial resistance.