ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic factors, oral conditions and the impact of OHRQoL as possible risk indicators related to the incidence of untreated dental caries in preschool children two years after an initial examination. A prospective longitudinal study was performed with a sample of 288 preschool children allocated to two groups at baseline (T0): caries free (n = 144) and with untreated dental caries (n = 144). Untreated dental caries was determined through clinical examinations performed by a calibrated dentist at T0 (Kappa > 0,89) and T1 (two years after the baseline) (Kappa > 0,91) using the dmft criteria. Parents/caregivers answered a socioeconomic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) at T0 and T1. Mann-Whitney test and hierarchically adjusted Poisson regression models were used (95%CI, p < 0,05). The incidence of untreated dental caries was 41.3%. Low (RR = 1.63; 95%CI:1.18-2.26; p < 0.001) and high severity of untreated dental caries (RR = 1.92; 95%CI:1.36-2.72; p < 0.001), monthly household income less than two times the Brazilian minimum salary (RR = 1.79; 95%CI:1.04-3.25; p = 0.042) and overall B-ECOHIS score (RR = 1.03; 95%CI:1.02-1.05; p < 0.001) at T0 were risk indicators for the incidence of untreated dental caries among the preschool children. In conclusion, the incidence of untreated dental caries was high and the higher severity of untreated dental caries, the lower monthly income and the higher the B-ECOHIS score (indicating a negative impact on quality of life) were risk indicators to the developing of new lesions of untreated dental caries after 2 years.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Child, Preschool , Humans , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Quality of Life , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Oral Health , Brazil/epidemiology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents with vision impairment (VI) may be at increased risk of oral health issues, such as periodontal inflammation, poor oral hygiene, dental caries, and dental trauma, but this is inconclusive in the literature. AIM: To systematically review the literature to determine the main oral health issues of children and adolescents with VI compared to those without VI. DESIGN: Electronic and manual searches were performed to identify observational studies involving children and adolescents with and without VI, to determine and compare their oral health issues. The methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Studies that had homogeneity of methods were incorporated into meta-analyses. RESULTS: Fifteen cross-sectional studies were included. Overall, most studies presented methodological flaws and high risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed that children and adolescents with VI were 3.86 times as likely to exhibit dental trauma (OR = 3.86, 95% CI = 2.63-5.68, I2 = 0%) and had higher/poorer values for plaque (MD = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.58-1.02, I2 = 96%), gingivitis (MD = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.02-1.37, I2 = 100%), calculus (MD = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.03-0.06, I2 = 0%), and oral hygiene indices (MD = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.24-1.18, I2 = 97%), as well as DMFS (MD = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.68-1.13, I2 = 26%). CONCLUSION: Across a wide array of assessments, children and adolescents with vision impairment had worse oral health outcomes than those without VI.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Dental Plaque , Gingivitis , Adolescent , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Oral HealthABSTRACT
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic factors, oral conditions and the impact of OHRQoL as possible risk indicators related to the incidence of untreated dental caries in preschool children two years after an initial examination. A prospective longitudinal study was performed with a sample of 288 preschool children allocated to two groups at baseline (T0): caries free (n = 144) and with untreated dental caries (n = 144). Untreated dental caries was determined through clinical examinations performed by a calibrated dentist at T0 (Kappa > 0,89) and T1 (two years after the baseline) (Kappa > 0,91) using the dmft criteria. Parents/caregivers answered a socioeconomic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) at T0 and T1. Mann-Whitney test and hierarchically adjusted Poisson regression models were used (95%CI, p < 0,05). The incidence of untreated dental caries was 41.3%. Low (RR = 1.63; 95%CI:1.18-2.26; p < 0.001) and high severity of untreated dental caries (RR = 1.92; 95%CI:1.36-2.72; p < 0.001), monthly household income less than two times the Brazilian minimum salary (RR = 1.79; 95%CI:1.04-3.25; p = 0.042) and overall B-ECOHIS score (RR = 1.03; 95%CI:1.02-1.05; p < 0.001) at T0 were risk indicators for the incidence of untreated dental caries among the preschool children. In conclusion, the incidence of untreated dental caries was high and the higher severity of untreated dental caries, the lower monthly income and the higher the B-ECOHIS score (indicating a negative impact on quality of life) were risk indicators to the developing of new lesions of untreated dental caries after 2 years.
ABSTRACT
o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as alterações físico-químicas do óleo de algodão, utilizado emprocessos de fritura em uma UAN. As alterações físico-químicas no óleo foram monitoradas por meio do teor de AGL, peróxidos, umidade e índice de refração. Nos três lotes a porcentagem de AGL demonstrou um aumento gradativo com o decorrer do tempo de fritura indicando o desenvolvimento de reações hidrolíticas. Todas as amostras dos lotes I e III apresentaram índice de peróxido acima do valor padrão utilizado como referência nesse estudo. A umidade para os lotes I, II e III em T0 apresentaram-se emacordo com valor padrão estabelecido por Brasil, 1999. O índice de refração obtido foi 1,470, não apresentando variação no decorrer do processo. Verificou-se que o aumento do tempo de fritura aumentou significativamente as alterações no óleo, quanto ao teor de ácidos graxas livres e peróxidos e que considerando o limite padrão admitido nesse estudo para ácidos graxos livres, sugere-se o uso do óleode fritura por, no máximo, 7 dias (21 horas) antes do descarte;(AU)
The objective of this study was to analyze the physical and chemical changes of cottonseed oil used in frying processes in a UAN. The physical and chemical changes in the oil were monitored by the content of FFA, peroxides, humidity and refractive index. In all three plots the percentage of FFA showed a gradual increase over the course of trying time indicating the development of hydrolytic reactions. All samples of batches I and III had a peroxide value above the reference standard used in this study. Moisture for lots I, II and III at TO were presented in accordance with default value set by Brazil, 1999. The refractive index obtained was 1.470, showing no change in the process. It was found that increasing the frying time increased significantly changes the oil on the content of free fatty acids and peroxides and that considering the limit in this study accepted standard for free fatty acids, suggest the use of oil for frying a maximum of 7 days (21 hours) prior to disposal; (AU)