Cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid: Sysmex UF-1000i versus optical microscopy.

We evaluated the body fluid module on Sysmex UF-1000i (UF-1000i-BF) for analysis of white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell (RBC) in cerebrospinal fluid. We collected 93 cerebrospinal fluid samples and compared the results of the UF-1000i-BF mode with the Fast-Read 102 disposable counting cell. Results shows a good correlation between the UF-1000i and the microscopic examination. The concordance percentage is 99.06% for white blood cells and 85.18% for red blood cells. The UF-1000i-BF mode offers rapid and reliable total WBC and RBC counts for initial screening of cerebrospinal fluid, and can improve the workflow in a routine laboratory.

[Prevalence and role of IgG anti-Chlamydia trachomatis in a population of infertile men in Morocco]. / Prévalence et rôle des IgG anti-Chlamydia trachomatis chez une population d'hommes infertiles au Maroc.

INTRODUCTION: Infertility is a global public health problem that affects 15% of couples of childbearing age. Male infertility is involved in 20 to 50% of cases. These figures are sharply increasing around the world. Several factors may be responsible for this infertility with especially hormonal, genetic, toxic or infectious factors. The latter are dominated mainly by Chlamydia infection. Among the most serious complications of this infection are infertility related to urethritis, epididymitis and irreversible total azoospermia in men and tubal obstructions and ectopic pregnancies in women. STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of IgG anti-Chlamydia trachomatis in men consulting for infertility and the association between previous contact with this bacterium and the impairment of sperm quality and sperm function. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study over 26months of 143 patients referred to the service for infertility assessment of the couple. Demographic data, primary or secondary character of infertility, risk factors (tobacco, inguinal hernia, varicocele and history of urogenital infections), semen parameters (volume, mobility, pH, vitality and morphological abnormalities) were studied as well as the determination of the anti-C. trachomatis IgG titer. The prevalence of Chlamydia infection and the association of the infection and alteration of the various parameters of the semen were analyzed. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 38.5±8.55. Infertility was primary in 72% of patients. Among the patients, 54.5% had an abnormal spermogram. Chlamydia IgG antibodies were positive in 37.1% of patients whose 58.5% had abnormal spermogram. Analysis of sperm parameters of patients with and without IgG C. trachomatis showed an altered vitality in Chlamydia positive patients with an OR at 2.41, P=0.02, (95% CI: 1.15-5.06). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Chlamydia infection is high in infertile male. C. trachomatis IgG antibodies may be associated with an alteration of spermatozoa vitality without significant impairment of other semen parameters. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

Serious phlegmonous lesion of the hand following an injury by vegetal thorn: Never forget Pasteurella multocida!

Pasteurella multocida can cause serious infections after dog or cat bite. We report here a rare case of hand infection caused by P. multocida consecutive to an injury by a thorn of the prickly pear. It caused an amputation of the distal phalanx of the thumb in a trisomic patient. It is about a 27-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with swelling and intense pain of the left hand. He reported a sting by a thorn of prickly pear 15 days before. The patient was admitted to proceed with operative irrigation and debridement. The pus was collected for microbiological examination. Microscopic examination after Gram staining revealed small Gram-negative coccobacilli, associated to polymorphonuclear reaction. Culture have objectivated Pasteurella multocida. The isolated strain was susceptible to betalactamins. Patient was treated with ampicillin. Well-conducted antibiotics and repetitive local cares have not prevented local lesions from progressing to necrosis of the soft parts of the thumb and osteitis of the distal phalanx of the thumb. The patient underwent a necrosectomy and an amputation of the distal phalanx. Ampicillin was replaced by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and after 15 days, progression was clinically and microbiologically favorable. In the case we report, since the patient does not report any exposure or contact with animals, the thorn prick is the source of infection. It was contaminated from the animal reservoir. Taking into account the monomicrobism of the infection, treatment with aminopenicillins was sufficient. Our propositus came to the hospital 15 days after the inoculation of the bacterium. This duration appears to be very late in relation to the acute character of pasteurellosis. This was probably the main reason why the local infection evolved towards osteoarticular complications. That's why, we should consider Pasteurella multocida in case of infection by inoculation, even in the absence of contact with the animals.

Annotated Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTB13_M Isolated from Morocco.

Here, we describe the annotated genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTB13_M. The organism was isolated from a sputum sample in Morocco.

[Saccharomyces cerevisiae invasive infection: The first reported case in Morocco]. / Infection invasive à Saccharomyces cerevisiae : le premier cas rapporté au Maroc.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a cosmopolitan yeast, widely used in agro-alimentary and pharmaceutical industry. Its impact in human pathology is rare, but maybe still underestimated compared to the real situation. This yeast is currently considered as an emerging and opportunistic pathogen. Risk factors are immunosuppression and intravascular device carrying. Fungemias are the most frequent clinical forms. We report the first case of S. cerevisiae invasive infection described in Morocco, and to propose a review of the literature cases of S. cerevisiae infections described worldwide. A 77-year-old patient, with no notable medical history, who was hospitalized for a upper gastrointestinal stenosis secondary to impassable metastatic gastric tumor. Its history was marked by the onset of septic shock, with S. cerevisiae in his urine and in his blood, with arguments for confirmation of invasion: the presence of several risk factors in the patient, positive direct microbiological examination, abundant and exclusive culture of S. cerevisiae from clinical samples. Species identification was confirmed by the study of biochemical characteristics of the isolated yeast. Confirmation of S. cerevisiae infection requires a clinical suspicion in patients with risk factors, but also a correct microbiological diagnosis.

In Vitro Activities of Ertapenem and Imipenem against Clinical Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Collected in Military Teaching Hospital Mohammed V of Rabat.

Objective. To study the sensitivity level of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae to Carbapenems (Imipenem, Ertapenem) marketed in Morocco and discusses the place of Ertapenem in the treatment of extended spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study of 110 extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Isolates obtained from blood cultures, superficial and deep pus, and catheters were conducted. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Imipenem and Ertapenem were done by the E-test. The modified Hodge test was conducted for resistant or intermediate strains. Results. 99.1% of isolates were susceptible to Imipenem. For Ertapenem, 4 were resistant and 4 intermediate. The modified Hodge test was positive for all 08 isolates. A minimum inhibitory concentration comparison of K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, and E. coli for Imipenem has noted a significant difference between E. cloacae on one hand and E. coli, K. pneumoniae on the other hand (P < 0.01). No significant difference was noted for minimum inhibitory concentration of Ertapenem. Conclusion. Our results confirm in vitro effectiveness of Ertapenem against extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae as reported elsewhere. However, the emergence of resistance to Carbapenems revealed by production of carbapenemases in this study confirmed a necessary bacteriological documented infection before using Ertapenem.

Furuncular myiasis: unusual case of African Dermatobia hominis.

Human cutaneous myiasis is a common disease in endemic tropical zones. Increased international travel has produced increases in imported cases. We present an unusual patient with myiasis infestation of the leg caused by Dermatobia hominis, which manifested after returning from the Democratic Republic of Congo. This particular infestation has not been reported in Morocco prior to this case. Furuncular cutaneous miyasis must be considered when travellers exhibit draining nodules. Medical treatment consists of occlusion of the furuncular punctum with vaseline to stimulate extrusion of the larva or surgical debridement under local anesthesia.

[Bacteriological aspects of osteitis in a university hospital]. / Les aspects bactériologiques des ostéites dans un hôpital universitaire.

INTRODUCTION: The aim, of our retrospective study, was to determine the epidemiological and susceptibility profile of bacterial osteitis isolates in the Rabat Mohammed V Military Hospital, to optimize the probabilistic antibiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study was made from August 2004 to December 2005. All the positive specimen for the etiologic diagnosis of osteitis and osteoarthritis were included. RESULTS: During this period, 85 osteitis cases were documented. 123 isolates were collected. 31 cases of osteitis allowed for the isolation of at least 2 bacteria (36.5%). The Gram positive cocci rate was 54.5%, the Gram negative bacilli rate 39.8%, and the Gram positive bacilli rate 5.7%. The distribution by groups was staphylococcus spp 46.4%, enterobacteriaceae 25.2% and non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli 12.9%. The most frequently isolated species were Staphylococcus aureus (23,6%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.7%). All the S. aureus isolates were susceptible to oxacillin and 30.8% of the coagulase negative staphylococci were resistant. The enterobacteriaceae resistance rates were 64.5% for clavulanic acid-amoxicillin and 16% for third generation cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin. The non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli resistance rate was 37.5% for ceftazidim, 62.5% for ticarcillin, and 12.5% for imipenem. CONCLUSION: Our results show the potential efficient therapy for community osteitis, using the traditional association: methicillin-aminosides and oral relay with fluoroquinolones. In nosocomial osteitis, the antibiotherapy must be modulated according to the identification and an antibiogram.

[Pseudomonas stutzeri osteitis: A case study]. / Ostéite à Pseudomonas stutzeri à propos d'un cas.

We report a case of osteitis in a 46-year-old patient, caused by Pseudomonas stutzeri following an open fracture of the left femur. The patient was treated with 1g ceftazidime every 8 hours for two weeks combined with 160 mg/day of amikacin for 10 days. A second-line ofloxacin oral treatment at 400 mg/day was then given during 4 weeks. Surgical treatment consisted in debridement of the fracture region. Sterilization of the fracture region led to an osteosynthesis by blade plate and bone graft. The result was favorable.