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1.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 43(10): 989-995, 2020 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33081995

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report predictive factors for therapeutic response to anti-VEGF in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in daily clinical practice in our patient population. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study including 56 patients (69 eyes) with nAMD treated with anti-VEGF, followed for at least two years between February 2012 and April 2018. Patients received three intravitreal anti-VEGF (bevacizumab) injections (loading dose) and were monitored and treated according to a PRN regimen. We analysed whether a gain in visual acuity of 15 or more ETDRS letters at the final visit was associated with demographic characteristics, presence of systemic comorbidities, fundus lesions or measurable improvement on Cirrus optical coherence tomography (OCT) between the first and last visit. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 15.5 months (4.7-27.8 interquartile range), central retinal thickness (CRT) (RR: 1.004; IC 95%: 1.001-1.007; P=0.011) and macular hemorrhage (RR: 0.30; IC 95%: 0.10-0.90, P=0.032) at baseline were found to be useful predictive factors for visual acuity improvement (≥15 letters) in patients treated for nAMD by anti-VEGF in a real world clinical setting. CONCLUSION: In the present series of patients with nAMD receiving a loading dose of bevacizumab and followed according to a PRN regimen for 24 months, the only predictable factors for a ≥15 letter gain in visual acuity were anatomical response as measured by OCT and macular hemorrhage at baseline.


Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Bevacizumab/administration & dosage , Macular Degeneration/drug therapy , Visual Acuity , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/adverse effects , Bevacizumab/adverse effects , Biomarkers, Pharmacological/analysis , Female , Humans , Intravitreal Injections , Macular Degeneration/diagnosis , Macular Degeneration/epidemiology , Male , Neovascularization, Pathologic/diagnosis , Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy , Neovascularization, Pathologic/epidemiology , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/immunology
2.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. imagen mol. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(6): 365-372, nov.-dic. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-157472

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Conocer si el volumen metabólico tumoral (VMT) y la glucólisis tumoral total (GTT) pueden predecir el riesgo de recurrencia en cáncer localmente avanzado de mama (CLAM). Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con CLAM tratados con tratamiento neoadyuvante, local y adyuvante; en seguimiento. Se realizó una 18F-FDG PET/TC para estadificar la enfermedad, midiéndose diferentes parámetros metabólicos (VMT, GTT, SUVmáx y SUVmed), tanto en el tumor primario (T) como en los ganglios metastásicos (N) y en el cuerpo entero (CE). Resultados. Se incluyeron 40 mujeres entre enero de 2010-2011; seguimiento hasta enero de 2015. Con una mediana de seguimiento de 46 meses el 20% tuvieron recidiva, local (n=2) o a distancia (n=6); fallecieron 3 (38% de aquellas con recidiva y 7,5% del total). EL SUVmáx, VMT y GTT, tanto en T, como N y CE, fue mayor en aquellas que presentaron recidiva. En el T tanto el VMT como la GTT se relacionaron con la recidiva de la enfermedad (p=0,020 y p=0,028, respectivamente), mientras que en la N fue el SUVmáx (p=0,008). Los puntos de corte óptimos para predecir recurrencia fueron: VMT T≥19,3cm3, GTT T≥74,4g y SUVmáx N≥13,8, existiendo 10-12 veces más probabilidad de experimentar progresión tumoral cuando superaban estos umbrales. El grado tumoral fue la única variable clínico-patológica asociada con la recidiva (p=0,035). Conclusiones. En este estudio de CLAM los parámetros metabólicos que más se asocian con la tasa de recidiva son el VMT y la GTT en el tumor primario, el SUVmáx en la enfermedad ganglionar regional y los 3 índices PET en el cuerpo entero. Estos parámetros podrían utilizarse en la práctica asistencial para identificar a las pacientes con mayor riesgo (AU)


Objective. To determine whether metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) are able to predict recurrence risk in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients. Material and methods. Retrospective study of LABC patients who undertook neoadjuvant, local and adjuvant treatment and follow up. A 18F-FDG PET/CT study for initial staging was performed analysing in this study different metabolic parameters (MTV, TLG, SUVmax and SUVmed) both in the primary tumour (T) as well as in axillary nodes (N) and whole-body (WB). Results. Forty females were included between January 2010-2011; follow up until January 2015 was completed. The average follow-up was 46 months. Twenty percent presented recurrence: local disease (n=2) and distant metastasis (n=6); 3 patients died (38% of the patients which recurred and 7.5% from the total). SUVmax, MTV and TLG, in T, N and WB, were higher in those patients with recurrence. The MTV and TLG parameters in the tumour (T) were related to the recurrence rate (P=.020 and P=.028, respectively); whereas SUVmax in the lymph nodes (N) was significantly related (P=.008) to the recurrence rate. The best cut-off points to predict recurrence where: MTV T ≥19.3cm3, TLG T≥74.4g and SUVmax N≥13.8, being 10-12 times more likely to recidivate when these thresholds where exceeded. Tumour grade was the only clinical-pathological variable which was related to recurrence probability (p=.035). Conclusions. In this study of LABC patients the metabolic parameters which have a better relationship with recurrence rate are: MTV and TLG in the primary tumour, SUVmax in the regional lymph node disease and whole-body PET data (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/analysis , Glycolysis , Glycolysis/radiation effects , Neoadjuvant Therapy/instrumentation , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Positron-Emission Tomography/trends , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Nuclear Medicine/methods
3.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. imagen mol. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(2): 96-101, mar.-abr. 2016. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148915

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Establecer un punto de corte del índice de Breslow (IB) para la indicación del estudio PET-TC en la estadificación del melanoma cutáneo en estadios iniciales y evaluar su valor pronóstico. Material y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo de 347 estudios PET-TC con 18F-FDG con diagnóstico de melanoma, siendo 108 de estadificación. Excluimos 31 obteniendo una muestra final de 77 pacientes. Para establecer el punto de corte óptimo llevamos a cabo un análisis de la curva ROC. Para evaluar el valor pronóstico se realizó un análisis de supervivencia registrando la muerte atribuible al melanoma. Resultados. De los 77 pacientes, 47 eran varones (61,04%) y 11 (14,29%) presentaron un resultado PET-TC positivo. La edad media fue 65,17 ± 15,00 años. La mediana del IB en el grupo con PET-TC negativo fue 2,75 mm (IQR 1,83-4,50) y en el grupo con resultado positivo 6,25 mm (IQR 5,40-7,50) (p = 0,0013). El análisis de la curva ROC (AUC 0,804, SE 0,054) dio como óptimo un punto de corte de 5 mm: sensibilidad 90,91%, especificidad 78,79%, VPN 98,1%, VPP 41,7%, OR diagnóstica 37,1 y exactitud diagnóstica 80,52%. El seguimiento medio fue de 18,66 ± 14,35 meses, observándose 3,77% muertes en el grupo con IB < 5 mm y 29,17% en el grupo con IB ≥ 5 mm. Las curvas de supervivencia entre ambos grupos fueron significativamente diferentes (p = 0,0013). Conclusiones. Un punto de corte de IB de 5 mm discrimina de manera adecuada a aquellos pacientes con PET-TC positiva de aquellos con resultado negativo en estadios precoces del melanoma cutáneo, por lo que podría incluirse en la estadificación inicial de este subgrupo de pacientes (AU)


Aim. To establish a Breslow Thickness (BT) cut-off point for indication of PET-CT of cutaneous melanoma in early stages and evaluate its prognostic value. Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of 347 PET-CT studies with diagnosis of melanoma, of which 108 were performed for initial staging. Thirty-one patients were excluded, and a final sample of 77 patients remained. A ROC curve analysis was performed to establish an optimal cut-off point. A survival analysis was performed, considering death assignable to melanoma as the main event, for the evaluation of its prognostic value. Results. Forty-seven (61.04%) of all 77 patients selected were men, and 11 (14.29%) had a positive PET-CT result. Mean age was 65.17 ± 15.00 years. The median BT in patients with a negative PET-CT result was 2.75 mm (IQR 1.83-4.50) and in the positive group 6.25 mm (IQR 5.40-7.50) (P=.0013). In the ROC curve analysis (AUC 0.804, SE 0.054), an optimal value of 5 mm BT with the following values was obtained: sensitivity 90.91%, specificity 78.79%, negative predictive value (NPV) 98.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) 41.7%, diagnostic OR 37.1, and accuracy 80.52%. Mean follow-up was 18.66 ± 14,35 months, detecting 2/53 (3.77%) deaths in the BT < 5 mm group, and 7/24 (29.17%) in the BT≥5 mm group. Survival curves between both groups were significantly different (P=.0013). Conclusions. A 5 mm cut-off point correctly distinguishes those patients with positive PET-CT from those with negative results in the early stages of cutaneous melanoma; therefore it could be included in initial staging of this subgroup of patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Melanoma , Skin Neoplasms/classification , Skin Neoplasms , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Positron-Emission Tomography , Prognosis , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Retrospective Studies , ROC Curve , Survival Analysis , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Sensitivity and Specificity
4.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. imagen mol. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(4): 230-235, jul.-ago. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-136945

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Comparar la afectación axilar (N+) al diagnóstico en el cáncer de mama localmente avanzado (CMLA), con el resultado histopatológico en la axila tras el tratamiento quimioterápico neoadyuvante (QTN). Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo entre noviembre de 2011 y septiembre de 2013 de los CMLA tratadas con QTN basada en docetaxel (asociando trastuzumab en los casos HER2 positivos y carboplatino/adriamicina si HER2 negativos). Los casos con sospecha clínica/radiológica de N+ se confirmaron histológicamente. Si no existía sospecha, se estadificó con la técnica de biopsia radioguiada del ganglio centinela (BRGC), mediante la inyección de 99mTc-nanocoloide de albúmina, previa a la QTN. En los casos N+ se realizó linfadenectomía axilar (LA) tras QTN. Clasificamos la respuesta patológica final como completa (RCp) cuando no hubo evidencia de enfermedad tumoral y como no respuesta patológica (NRp) en caso contrario. Resultados. Revisamos 346 pacientes tratados con docetaxel, donde identificamos 105 CMLA. En 70 (67%) se evidenció infiltración tumoral axilar antes de iniciar la QTN. De estas, el 73% (n = 51) presentaban N+ por punción-aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) y/o biopsia ganglionar, y las restantes 19 (27%) presentaban N+ oculta demostrada por la BRGC. La LA evidenció RCp axilar en el 56% (39/70); aumentando hasta un 84% cuando el estatus inicial N+ se alcanzó por BRGC, frente a un 45% cuando se llegó al diagnóstico de N+ por PAAF/biopsia ganglionar. Conclusión. Más de la mitad de las mujeres con cáncer de mama localmente avanzado con afectación tumoral axilar al diagnóstico presentan axilas libres de enfermedad metastásica tras el efecto terapéutico de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante. Esto aumenta hasta casi el 90% cuando se trata de axilas metastásicas ocultas detectadas mediante el ganglio centinela antes de iniciar la quimioterapia neoadyuvante (AU)


Aim. To compare axillary involvement (N+) at initial staging in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) with axillary lymphadenectomy histologic results after neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment (NeoChemo). Material and methods. Retrospective study between November 2011 and September 2013 of LABC cases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on docetaxel (associated with trastuzumab in HER2 positive cases and carboplatin/adriamycin in HER2 negative cases). Those clinically or radiologically suspected cases of axillary involvement were histologically confirmed. When there was no suspicion of axillary involvement, sentinel lymph node radioguided biopsy (SLNRB) was performed using intradermal injection of 99mTc-nanocolloid albumin prior to neoadjuvant treatment. Axillary lymphadenectomy after NeoChemo was undertaken in all cases with positive axilla. Final pathologic response was classified as complete (pCR) when there was no evidence of tumoral disease and as non-pathologic complete response (no pCR) in the opposite case. Results. A total of 346 patients treated with docetaxel were reviewed, identifying 105 LABC. Axillary involvement at initial staging was detected in 70 (67%) before starting NeoChemo. From these 70, 73% (n = 51) were N+ (fine needle biopsy and/or biopsy) and the remaining 19 (27%) were occult N+ detected by SLNRB. Axillary lymphadenectomy detected pCR in 56% (39/70), increasing up to 84% pCR when initial N+ status was reached using SNLB. On the other hand, when N+ was detected using fine needle biopsy/lymph biopsy, pCR was only 45%. Conclusion. More than 50% of women affected by locally advanced breast cancer with tumoral axillary involvement at initial diagnosis present free metastatic axilla after therapeutic neoadjuvant chemotherapy effect. This increases up to almost 90% in case of occult metastatic axilla detected with sentinel node biopsy prior starting neoadjuvant chemotherapy (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Axilla/pathology , Axilla , Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Metastasis , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/trends , Nuclear Medicine
5.
Rev. calid. asist ; 27(1): 3-10, ene.-feb. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-94000

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. El objetivo es evaluar la efectividad de una intervención orientada a la higiene de manos (HM) así como la identificación de los factores relacionados con el no cumplimiento. Material y métodos. Estudio de intervención antes-después con dos cortes transversales de observación directa de cumplimiento de HM. La intervención se dirigió a todos los profesionales sanitarios y servicios hospitalarios que tienen contacto directo con los pacientes o el medio ambiente que los rodea. Se realizaron 160 periodos de observación en cada corte, registrándose 5.245 oportunidades de HM (OHM) en 947 profesionales. Resultados. Se observa un incremento significativo del 7,7% (intervalo de confianza (IC) 95%: 5,5-9,9; p<0,001) en el grado de cumplimiento de HM (pre-intervención: 17,4% [IC 95%: 16,0-18,9]; post-intervención: 25,2% [IC 95%: 23,5-26,9]). El turno de mañana (odds ratio (OR): 0,32; IC 95%: 0,24-0,42), la categoría de enfermería (OR: 0,44; IC 95%: 0,29-0,65), el área de cuidados intensivos (OR: 0,14; IC 95%: 0,10-0,18), el no uso de guantes (OR: 0,58; IC 95%: 0,48-0,69), las OHM realizadas después de contactos de alto riesgo (OR: 0,30: IC 95%: 0,22-0,41) y después de contactos de bajo riesgo (OR: 0,43; IC 95%: 0,32-0,58) se relacionaron de manera independiente con el no cumplimiento. Conclusiones. La campaña realizada mostró un efecto independiente significativo en la mejora de la HM. Es necesario el diseño en los centros sanitarios de estrategias multimodales para incrementar la HM en los profesionales(AU)


Objective. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of an intervention to improve the compliance with hand hygiene (HH) and the detection of factors associated with non-compliance. Methods. A before and after intervention study with two cross-sectional and direct observations of HH compliance was performed. The intervention was targeted at all the health workers and hospital departments directly related with patients and their healthcare environment. One hundred and sixty observation periods were included in each cross-sectional observation, accounting for a total of 5,245 observed opportunities of HH among 947 health workers. Results. Hand hygiene compliance showed a significant increase of 7.7% (95% CI: 5.5-9.9; P<.001) with a pre-intervention and post-intervention HH compliance of 17.4% (95% CI: 16.0-18.9) and 25.5% (95% CI: 23.5-26.9), respectively. The following variables showed an independent association with the non-compliance of HH: morning shift (0.32; 95% CI: 0.24-0.42), being a nurse (OR: 0.44; 95%CI: 0.29-0.65), working in an intensive care unit (OR: 0.14: 95%CI: 0.10-0.18), non-use of gloves (OR:0.58: 95% CI:0.48-0.69), observed opportunities of HH arising after high risk contact (OR:0.30: 95% CI: 0.22-0.41) and after low risk contact (OR:0.43: 95% CI:0.32-0.58). Conclusions. The intervention has independently and significantly improved hand hygiene in the hospital. Multimodal strategies need to be designed in healthcare settings in order to increase HH compliance among health workers(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Hand Disinfection/methods , Hand Disinfection/standards , Gloves, Protective/trends , Gloves, Protective , Gloves, Surgical/trends , Gloves, Surgical , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Confidence Intervals , Quality Control , 34002
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