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1.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 75(9/10): 96-101, sept.-oct. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-168563

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: En enero de 2013 se implantó un protocolo de actuación para el manejo del dolor abdominal en el servicio de urgencias de pediatría, que pretendía reducir la realización de radiografías de abdomen no indicadas, disminuir la administración de enemas no indicados y aplicar una pauta de analgesia mayor. Se ha revisado el impacto del protocolo sobre la modificación de la práctica clínica y si estas variaciones se mantienen. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, analítico y retrospectivo, realizado en 684 pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencias por presentar dolor abdominal de causa aparentemente no orgánica, distribuidos en cuatro periodos: diciembre de 2012 (P1), febrero de 2013 (P2), noviembre de 2013 (P3) y mayo de 2015 (P4). Se han recogido los datos sobre las pruebas diagnósticas realizadas y los tratamientos empleados en estos pacientes. Resultados: Radiografía abdominal: P1= 14,7%, P2= 6,9%, P3= 1,8%, P4= 0% (p <0,01); pacientes con estreñimiento: P1= 23,4%, P2= 13,5%, P3= 0%, P4= 0% (p= 0,001). Ecografía abdominal: P1= 11%, P2= 12,5%, P3= 9,4%, P4= 10,1% (p >0,05). Administración de enema en el servicio de urgencias: P1= 21,5%, P2= 8,3%, P3= 17,1%, P4= 11,7% (p= 0,005); pacientes con estreñimiento: P1= 51,1%, P2= 21,6%, P3= 31,3%, P4= 32,5% (p= 0,036). Tratamiento con polietilenglicol: P1= 4,3%, P2= 6,3%, P3= 9,8%, P4= 4,7% (p >0,05); pacientes con estreñimiento: P1= 12,8%, P2= 21,6%, P3= 40,6%, P4= 20,5% (p= 0,034). Pauta de analgesia: P1= 42,9%, P2= 53,5%, P3= 53,7%, P4= 62,7% (p= 0,02). Reconsultas al servicio de urgencias: P1= 10,4%, P2= 2,1%, P3= 1,8%, P4= 13% (p <0,01). Conclusiones: El protocolo ha logrado reducir de forma significativa la realización de radiografías abdominales y el empleo de enemas rectales. Ha aumentado la prescripción de analgesia en pacientes con dolor abdominal. El protocolo ha logrado homogeneizar la actuación de los profesionales, disminuyendo el riesgo de yatrogenia y aumentando el confort de los pacientes y sus familias (AU)


Objectives: In January 2013 a protocol for the management of abdominal pain at pediatric emergency was implanted, with the following objectives: reducing abdominal radiographs not indicated, reduce treatment with enemas not indicated and more prescription of analgesia. It has been reviewed the impact of the protocol on changing clinical practice and whether these variations are maintained. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive and analytical observational study with 684 patients attending emergency department for abdominal pain apparently no organic cause, divided into four periods: December 2012 (P1), February 2013 (P2), November 2013 (P3) and May 2015 (P4). We collected data about diagnostic tests performed and treatments used in these patients. Results: Abdominal radiography: P1= 14.7%, P2= 6.9%, P3= 1.8%, P4= 0% (p <0.01); constipated patients: P1= 23.4%, P2= 13.5%, P3= 0%, P4= 0% (p= 0.001). Abdominal ultrasound: P1= 11%, P2= 12.5%, P3= 9.4%, P4= 10.1% (p >0.05). Patients treated with rectal enema: P1= 21.5%, P2= 8.3%, P3= 17.1%, P4= 11.7% (p= 0.005); constipated patients: P1= 51.1%, P2= 21.6%, P3= 31.3%, P4= 32.5% (p= 0.036). Patients treated with polyethylenglycol: P1= 4.3%, P2= 6.3%, P3= 9.8%, P4= 4.7% (p >0.05); constipated patients: P1= 12.8%, P2= 21.6%, P3= 40.6%, P4= 20.5% (p= 0.034). Patients treated with analgesia: P1= 42.9%, P2= 53.5%, P3= 53.7%, P4= 62.7% (p= 0.02). Reconsultations the emergency department: P1= 10.4%, P2= 2.1%, P3= 1.8%, P4= 13% (p <0.01). Conclusions: The protocol has reduced significantly the performance of abdominal radiographs and use of rectal enemas. It has increased the prescription of analgesia in patients with abdominal pain. Protocol has managed to standardize the medical intervention, reducing the risk of iatrogenic and increasing comfort for patients and their families (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Abdominal Pain/epidemiology , Emergency Treatment/methods , Clinical Protocols , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Colonic Diseases, Functional/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Constipation/epidemiology , Physical Examination/methods , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions
2.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(6): 374-379, nov.-dic. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148704

ABSTRACT

La Unidad de Urgencias de Pediatría del Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet de Zaragoza, centro de referencia de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón, tiene un compromiso con las líneas estratégicas del centro, destacando la actividad asistencial, docencia e investigacion clínica en las que están involucrados todos los profesionales de la Unidad. Su finalidad está centrada en el paciente y sus familias, en la resolución urgente de todas las situaciones clínicas que requieran atención inmediata por problemas médicos, quirúrgicos o traumatológicos, en el menor tiempo posible, con la mayor efectividad y con una óptima calidad científico- técnica, durante las 24 horas del día, todos los días del año. Exponemos los principales datos asistenciales, docentes y de investigación (AU)


The Children’s Emergency Department at the Miguel Servet University Hospital in Zaragoza, as a reference centre in Aragon, has a commitment to the hospital strategies emphasising health care, teaching and research activities, in which all professionals Working in the department are involved. Its purpose is, focused on the patient and their family, the urgent solution to all clinical situations requiring immediate attention due to medical, surgical or trauma problems with the greatest effectiveness and optimum scientific and technical quality 24 hours a day, every day of the year (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Emergency Medical Services , Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration , Hospitals, Pediatric/history , Hospitals, Pediatric/organization & administration , Pain Clinics/organization & administration , Clinical Protocols/classification , Biomedical Research/education , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Hospitals, Pediatric , Hospitals, Pediatric/standards , Pain Clinics/history , Clinical Protocols/standards , Biomedical Research/standards
3.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 17(67): 205-211, jul.-sept. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-141509

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la infección del tracto urinario (ITU) es una enfermedad frecuente en niños. Resulta fundamental una adecuada recogida de orina para evitar falsos positivos, minimizando procedimientos invasivos. La recogida de orina al acecho es una técnica incruenta, con baja tasa de contaminación, por lo que se estableció como método de elección al actualizar nuestro protocolo clínico. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo longitudinal descriptivo y analítico, realizado en el Servicio de Urgencias de un hospital terciario, en dos periodos, antes y después de la actualización del protocolo. Se analizaron: edad, sexo, tiempo en Urgencias, método de recogida, sedimento y cultivo de orina y diagnóstico, en pacientes febriles menores de tres años. Resultados: hubo 140 pacientes en 2012 y 180 en 2011, sin diferencias en distribución por sexo y edad. Las medias etarias fueron 12 y 14 meses respectivamente. El 35,7% se recogieron por acecho en 2012, frente al 7,8% de 2011 (p<0,001). En 2011 fueron necesarias más confirmaciones: 20,5% frente a 10,7% en 2012. No hubo diferencias significativas en el número de sospechas de ITU ni en el de muestras contaminadas en ambos años. Tampoco entre las muestras recogidas por acecho o sondaje en 2012. El tiempo medio de estancia en Urgencias en 2011 fue 221 minutos, siendo 190 en 2012 (p<0,05). Conclusiones: la recogida de orina mediante el acecho constituye un método sencillo y no invasivo, que generalmente no precisa confirmación, por lo que reduce el tiempo de espera en el Servicio de Urgencias. No se ha objetivado un aumento de falsos diagnósticos de ITU en pacientes con muestra recogida por acecho (AU)


Introduction: urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is a common process. It is essential to find an adequate method to collect urine, to avoid false positives, minimizing invasive procedures. Clean catch urine (CCU) is a noninvasive technique, with low contamination rate, so it has been established as the recommended method for urine collection to update our clinical protocol. Material and methods: a prospective longitudinal descriptive and analytical study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in the Emergencies’ room (ER) in two periods, before and after the update protocol. Age, sex, time in the ER, collection method, sediment and urine culture and diagnosis in febrile patients <3 years were analyzed. Results: there were 140 patients in 2012 and 180 in 2011, with no differences in age and sex distribution. The mean ages were 12 and 14 months respectively. 35.7% of the samples were collected by CCU in 2012, compared to 7.8% in 2011 (p<0.001). In 2011 more confirmations of urine analysis were necessary: 20.5% vs. 10.7% in 2012. There were no significant differences between the number of suspected UTI or the contaminated samples in both years. Neither did between samples collected by catheterization or CCU in 2012. The average length of stay in the ER in 2011 was 221 minutes, while 190 in 2012 (p<0.05). Conclusions: urine collection by CCU is a simple and noninvasive method, which usually does not require confirmation, thereby reducing the wait time in the ER. There has not been an objectified increased of false diagnosis of UTI in patients with sample collected by CCU (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Urinalysis/methods , Urine Specimen Collection/instrumentation , Urine Specimen Collection , Fever/etiology , Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis , Urinary Tract Infections/urine , Emergencies , Clinical Protocols , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
4.
Rev Neurol ; 25(146): 1535-8, 1997 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9462974

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The need for healthcare in neuropediatric pathology has always existed. It increases with changes in the needs of the population determined by medical scientific and social advances. These needs, together with the frequency and diversity of the neurological pathology of infancy justify the existence of neuropediatricians and neuropediatric services in regional reference hospitals. To organize a regional neuropediatric service, it is first necessary to know the real needs of the population. The objective of this study was to determine the need for neuropediatric care in the Pediatric Department of the Hospital Miguel Servet in Zaragoza, the regional reference centre for Aragón, La Rioja and Soria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied the work carried out over 5 years by a neuropediatrician, newly arrived in a department which did not formerly have such a specialist, principally evaluating diagnostic work. In this first part we describe the material and methods used and the general results obtained. RESULTS: We analyzed the children studied during a 5 year period (May 1990 to May 1995). We evaluated 1,294 children seen in the Outpatient department and 752 during hospital admission (not followed up in Outpatients). This gave an annual average of 409 new patients in neuropediatrics. CONCLUSIONS: There is a great demand for neuropediatric attention. Its importance is due to the great frequency, diversity and the complexity of many of these conditions.


Subject(s)
Health Services Administration , Health Services Needs and Demand , Health Services/supply & distribution , Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, State , Neurology , Pediatrics , Referral and Consultation , Brain Diseases/rehabilitation , Child, Preschool , Female , Health Care Sector , Health Services/standards , Hospitalization , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Spain
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