ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) can present a challenge for clinicians. Multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) can aid in establishing a diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal MFC approach for MDS. METHODS: The study included 102 MDS (39 low-grade MDS), 83 cytopenic patients without myeloid neoplastic disorders (control group), and 35 healthy donors. Bone marrow was analyzed using a six-color MFC. Analysis was conducted according to the "Ogata score," "Wells score," and the integrated flow cytometry (iFC) score. RESULTS: The respective sensitivity and specificity values were 77.5% and 90.4% for the Ogata score, 79.4% and 81.9% for the Wells score, and 87.3% and 87.6% for the iFC score. Specificity was not 100% due to deviations of MFC parameters in the control group. Patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) had higher levels of CD34+ CD7+ myeloid cells than donors. Aplastic anemia and PNH were characterized by a high proportion of CD56+ cells among CD34+ precursors and neutrophils. The proportion of MDS-related features increased with the progression of MDS. The highest number of CD34+ blasts was found in MDS with excess blasts. MDS with isolated del(5q) was characterized by a high proportion of CD34+ CD7+ cells and low granularity of neutrophils. In 39 low-grade MDS, the sensitivities were 53.8%, 61.5%, and 71.8% for Ogata score, Wells score, and iFC, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results support iFC as a useful diagnostic tool in MDS.
Subject(s)
Flow Cytometry/methods , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antigens, CD34/metabolism , Antigens, CD7/metabolism , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Female , Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal/diagnosis , Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/metabolism , Myeloid Cells/metabolism , Neutrophils/metabolism , Sensitivity and Specificity , Young AdultABSTRACT
Acute Graft-versus-host-disease (aGVHD), the major complication and one of the main causes of poor outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Nowadays there are no widely accepted cell, plasma or another biomarker that can be used for aGVHD prediction. We hypothesized that a level of Granzyme B-positive T regulatory (GZMB-positive Treg) cells on day+30 after allo-HSCT could be the measure of immune response suppression and could predict aGVHD development after day +30. We applied a widespread and easy-to-perform method of multicolor flow cytometry to measure level of GZMB-positive Treg cells. Levels of GZMB-positive Tregs on day +30 after allo-HSCT were significantly higher in those patients who never developed aGVHD in comparison with the other group of patient with aGVHD after day +30 (p=0.0229). We conclude that the level of GZMB-positive Treg cells is a strong predictor of acute Graft-versus-host disease after day +30 after allo-HSCT.
